Kākau wau e hana i kahi Uea Ethernet alakaʻi kūʻai. E hoʻomaka kākou ma ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i kaʻu ʻike e pili ana i nā kaula Ethernet. Aia nā ʻano like ʻole, e like me Cat5, Cat6, a ʻoi aku paha nā mea kiʻekiʻe. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia ka wikiwiki a me nā bandwidth like ʻole. A laila aia ka ʻaoʻao pale - loaʻa i kekahi mau kaula ka pale e hōʻemi i ka hoʻopilikia. ʻO nā ʻano mea hoʻohui ʻo RJ45, ʻeā? Eia kekahi, he mea nui ka lōʻihi o ke kaula; hiki i nā kaula lōʻihi ke loaʻa ka hōʻailona hōʻino. ʻAe, a aia ka helu ʻaʻahu, e like me PVC vs. plenum. Malia paha ka hoʻohana ʻana ma waho vs. loko? Mai poina iaʻu ua paʻa kekahi mau kaula aʻo kekahi he kumu paʻa, kahi e hoʻopilikia ai i ka maʻalahi a me ka lōʻihi.

E kali, pehea ke kumu? E like me, no ka pāʻani, ke kahe ʻana, a i ʻole ka hoʻohana maʻamau. He mea nui nō hoʻi ʻo PoE (Power over Ethernet), no laila pono e lawelawe kekahi mau kaula i kēlā. He mea nui paha ke kala no ka nani. He mea nui paha nā lama, akā ʻaʻole pono paha ke ʻole he mau mea hilinaʻi. Ma muli o ke ʻano a me nā hiʻohiʻona nā kumukūʻai.

E ʻae mai iaʻu e hoʻonohonoho i kēia. E hoʻomaka me kahi hoʻolauna e wehewehe ana i nā kaula Ethernet a me ko lākou koʻikoʻi. A laila e wāwahi i nā ʻāpana: Nā Māhele (Cat5e, Cat6, etc.), Speed ​​​​and Bandwidth, Shielding (UTP vs. FTP), Cable Length, Connectors, Jacket Material (plenum, riser, outdoor), Solid vs. Stranded, PoE Support, Use Case (pāʻani, home, office), Color, a malia paha he ʻāpana ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo wikiwiki. E hoʻokomo pū i kahi FAQ.

E kali, pono wau e hōʻoia i ka lōʻihi loa no kēlā me kēia mahele. Manaʻo wau he 100 mika ka lōʻihi o nā kaula Ethernet me ka nānā ʻole i ke ʻano, akā hiki paha i nā ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe ke mālama i nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe ma ia lōʻihi? A i ʻole e hāʻule ka wikiwiki ma luna o ka mamao? Eia kekahi, no ka pāʻani, he mea nui ka latency haʻahaʻa, akā pili anei ka ʻāpana kaula i ka latency? ʻAʻole paha pololei, akā kākoʻo nā ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe i ka bandwidth kiʻekiʻe e hiki ke ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no ka hoʻoili ʻikepili wikiwiki. Kōkua ka pale ʻana me ka hoʻopilikia, kahi mea nui paha i nā wahi me ka nui o nā mea uila.

Stranded vs. solid: ʻO ke kumu paʻa no nā hoʻonohonoho paʻa, ʻaʻole i maʻalahi akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana ma nā wahi lōʻihi. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o Stranded, maikaʻi no nā kaula patch. Nā ʻano pale: ʻAʻole pale ʻia ʻo UTP, loaʻa iā FTP ka pale foil, loaʻa iā STP ka pale ulana. E wehewehe paha i nā pōkole e like me UTP, FTP, STP. E wehewehe paha i nā pōkole e like me UTP, FTP, STP.

PoE: ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā māhele kiʻekiʻe no PoE no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke lawelawe i ka mana hou aʻe, ʻoi aku hoʻi no nā mea hana e like me nā kāmela a i ʻole nā ​​wahi komo. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā ana mānoanoa (AWG haʻahaʻa) ke lawelawe i ke au hou aku. E haʻi paha iā AWG?

ʻO ke kala no ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana a i ʻole ka nani, ʻeā? Makemake paha kekahi poʻe i nā kala like ʻole no nā lumi like ʻole a i ʻole nā ​​​​hoʻohana like ʻole.

Mea ʻaʻahu: Helu ʻia e ka plenum no nā ʻauwai ea, helu ʻia e ka riser no nā holo kū pololei ma waena o nā papahele. Loaʻa i nā kaula waho ka pale UV a me ka pale wai.

Ma nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ke alakaʻi kūʻai, e paipai i ka loiloi ʻana i nā pono ma muli o ka wikiwiki o ka pūnaewele, ke kaiapuni (ke komo ʻana), ke ʻano o ke kau ʻana (i loko o ka paia, i waho), a me ka pale ʻana i ka wā e hiki mai ana. Malia paha e paipai iā Cat6 a i ʻole Cat6a no nā kau hou no ka mea hāʻawi lākou i ka hana maikaʻi a ʻoi aku ka palekana no ka wā e hiki mai ana.

Nā nīnau i nīnau pinepine ʻia: He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o Cat5e a me Cat6? Hiki iaʻu ke hoʻohana i kahi kaula mahele kiʻekiʻe aʻe ma mua o ka mea e pono ai? Pehea ka hopena o ka pale ʻana i ka hana? Hoʻopilikia anei ka lōʻihi o ke kaula i ka wikiwiki? He aha ka mea maikaʻi loa no ka pāʻani? Pehea e ʻike ai i kahi kaula maikaʻi?

E kali, pono wau e nānā inā he ʻokoʻa i ka helu o nā wili a i ʻole ke kūkulu ʻana ma waena o nā māhele e hoʻopilikia ai i ka hana. Eia kekahi, nā huaʻōlelo e like me AWG (American Wire Gauge) no ka mānoanoa. ʻO ka AWG haʻahaʻa ke ʻano o nā uea mānoanoa, hiki ke ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no nā holo lōʻihi a me PoE.

Pono wau e hōʻoia i ka pololei o ka ʻike. No ka laʻana, ʻo Cat5e he 1 Gbps a hiki i ka 100m, hiki iā Cat6 ke hana i 10 Gbps a hiki i ka 55m, ʻo Cat6a a hiki i ka 100m no 10 Gbps. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o nā kikoʻī o Cat7 a me Cat8 akā ʻaʻole i maʻamau. No nā kikowaena ʻikepili ʻo Cat8, a hiki i ka 40 Gbps akā ʻoi aku ka pōkole o nā mamao.

Eia kekahi, e haʻi aku no ka hapa nui o nā mea hoʻohana home, ua lawa ʻo Cat5e a i ʻole Cat6 ke ʻole lākou he mau hoʻolālā pūnaewele wikiwiki loa. No nā pūnaewele home 10 Gbps, pono paha ʻo Cat6a. He maikaʻi nā kaula pale no nā wahi me nā mea hoʻopilikia nui, e like me nā laina mana kokoke a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​wahi ʻoihana.

Malia paha e hoʻokomo i kahi papa kuhikuhi wikiwiki e hoʻohālikelike ana i nā māhele, nā wikiwiki, ka bandwidth, a me nā hihia hoʻohana. E kōkua kēlā i ka poʻe heluhelu e hoʻohālikelike koke.

Pono hoʻi au e hoʻomaopopo he pono e uhi ʻia nā mea hoʻohui i ke gula no ka conductivity maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka pala. E nānā inā ua hōʻoia ʻia ke kaula (e like me ka palapala hōʻoia UL) e hōʻoia i kona kūlike ʻana i nā kūlana.

Ma nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ke kau ʻana, e haʻi ʻia ʻaʻole e pelu pono i nā kaula me ka ʻoi loa, e pale i ka holo ʻana ma ke ʻano like me nā kaula mana e hōʻemi i nā mea hoʻopilikia, a e hoʻohana i nā mea paʻa kaula me ka ʻole o ka hoʻopaʻa nui ʻana.

E kali, ua hala anei kekahi mea iaʻu? Malia paha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā kaula patch a me nā kaula nui. Hana mua ʻia nā kaula patch, ʻoiai ʻo ka nui no nā lōʻihi maʻamau. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ke ala ʻana o nā kaula pālahalaha vs. poepoe—papahele ma lalo o nā kāpeti akā ʻaʻole paha e kūlike i nā kūlana like me nā mea poepoe.

Eia kekahi, he lahilahi a palupalu loa kekahi mau kaula, hiki ke lilo i mea pono i nā wahi paʻa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole paha lākou e like me ke kūpaʻa a i ʻole ka hana e like me nā kaula maʻamau.

Ma ke ʻano o nā lama, e haʻi paha he hilinaʻi nā lama kaulana e like me Belkin, Monoprice, Cable Matters, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, akā e pale i ka hoʻolilo ʻana ia mea e like me kahi hoʻolaha.

I ka hui pū ʻana o nā mea a pau, pono e hoʻomaka ke alakaʻi me kahi ʻike holoʻokoʻa, a laila kēlā me kēia ʻāpana e wehewehe ana i nā kumu nui, a ukali ʻia e nā ʻōlelo paipai e pili ana i ka hihia hoʻohana, a me kahi FAQ. E hōʻoia i ka maopopo a maʻalahi o ka ʻōlelo, e pale ana i ka nui o nā ʻōlelo loea akā he ʻike nō hoʻi.