Multicore Optical Fiber: Kuchinja Kugona Kwemagetsi Kwepamusoro

Multicore Optical Fiber: Kuvandudza Kutaurirana Kwemagetsi Kwepamusoro

2026-04-14

Munguva inotungamirwa neAI, cloud computing, 8K video, uye 6G technology, kudiwa kwekutumira data nekukurumidza, kugona kukuru, uye low-latency kuri kuwedzera. Mafiber echinyakare e single-core optical, ayo ave ari musimboti we network dzekutaurirana pasi rose, ari kusvika pamuganho weShannon, achinetsekana nekukura kwe data traffic. Pinda multicore optical fiber (MCF) - tekinoroji itsva inoisa macores akawanda akazvimiririra anotungamira chiedza mukati me single fiber cladding, ichivhura nguva itsva yekutaurirana kwe optical. Chinyorwa chino chinoongorora multicore optical fiber kubva muzvikamu zvakasiyana, kusanganisira tsananguro yayo, misimboti yehunyanzvi, kupatsanura, mashandisirwo chaiwo, mafambiro emusika wepasi rose, matambudziko ehunyanzvi, uye tarisiro yeramangwana, ichipa gwara rakazara kune nyanzvi dzeindasitiri, vanoisa mari, uye vanofarira tekinoroji.

Chii chinonzi Multicore Optical Fiber (MCF)?

Multicore optical fiber (MCF) itekinoroji yepamusoro yefiber ye optical inobatanidza macore maviri kana anopfuura akasiyana e optical mukati mechikamu chimwe chete che cladding, kusiyana nemafiber echinyakare e single-core ane core imwe chete pakati. Core yega yega muMCF inoshanda se waveguide yakazvimirira, ichibvumira data streams dzakawanda kuti dzitumirwe pamwe chete nefiber strand imwe chete - kugona kunogoneswa ne space-division multiplexing (SDM) technology. Iyi structure yakasiyana inowedzera kugona kwefiber kutumira pasina kuwedzera saizi yayo yepanyama, zvichiita kuti ive shanduko huru kune mamiriro ezvinhu apo nzvimbo, huremu, uye mutengo wekutumira zviri zvipingamupinyi zvakakosha.

Kusiyana nemafiber e-single-core, ayo anovimba nekuwedzera kumhanya kwesignal kana kushandisa ma wavelength akasiyana (wave-division multiplexing, WDM) kuwedzera kugona, MCF inoshandisa spatial separation ye channels. Izvi zvinoreva kuti inogona kukunda zvipingamupinyi zve single-core fibers nekungowedzera mamwe macores, zvichigadzira "multi-lane highway" yekutumira data pachinzvimbo chekuedza kuwedzera nzira imwe chete. Semuenzaniso, 24-core MCF inogona kuwana kugona kwakapetwa makumi maviri nemana kupfuura single-core fiber yehukuru hwakafanana hwekufukidza, zvichireva kuti pane kupindira kudiki kwesignal pakati pemacores.

Nheyo dzehunyanzvi dzeMulticore Optical Fiber

Nheyo huru ye multicore optical fiber iri mu space-division multiplexing (SDM), iyo inoshandisa nzvimbo chaiyo iri mukati me fiber cladding kugadzira nzira dzakawanda dzekutumira dzakazvimiririra. Core yega yega muMCF yakagadzirirwa kutungamira masaini echiedza yakazvimiririra, nekungwarira spacing uye refractive index optimization kuderedza inter-core crosstalk - dambudziko guru rehunyanzvi mukugadzira MCF. Crosstalk inoitika kana masaini echiedza achibuda kubva kune imwe core kuenda kune imwe, zvichideredza kunaka kwechiratidzo uye zvichideredza kushanda zvakanaka kwekutumira.

Kuti vagadzirise nyaya dzecrosstalk, vanoshandisa nzira mbiri huru dzekugadzira: kugadzirisa nzvimbo dziri pakati pemacores uye dhizaini inobatsirwa netrench. Nekuwedzera daro riri pakati pemacores kana kuwedzera trench ine refractive-index yakatenderedza core yega yega, kuparadzaniswa pakati pemacores kunowedzerwa, zvichideredza kubuda kwesignali. Pamusoro pezvo, matekinoroji ekugadzira epamberi, akadai sekudhirowa kwedhijitari uye kuiswa kwesub-micron precision core, zvinoita kuti core geometry ifanane uye kuparadzaniswa kwepakati nepakati kwakagadzikana muhurefu hwese hwefiber, zvichideredza crosstalk uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti mashandiro anowirirana.

Chimwe chinhu chakakosha chetekinoroji yeMCF chishandiso che fan-in/fan-out, chinoshanda sebhiriji pakati pemafiber akawanda uye masisitimu echinyakare e single-core fiber. Chishandiso ichi chinoparadzira zvinobudirira masaini (fan-out) kubva kuMCF imwe chete kuenda kufiber dzakawanda dze single-core kana kusanganisa masaini (fan-in) kubva kufiber dzakawanda dze single-core kuita MCF imwe chete, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kubatanidza nezvivakwa zve optical zviripo. Midziyo ye fan-in/fan-out yemhando yepamusoro inopa kurasikirwa kwakaderera (

Kupatsanurwa kweMulticore Optical Fiber

Mafiber akawanda e-optical anogona kupatsanurwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvakakosha, kusanganisira huwandu hwemacores, kurongeka kwepakati, uye maitiro ekushanda, chimwe nechimwe chakagadzirirwa mamiriro chaiwo ekushandisa:

1. Kupatsanurwa neNhamba yeCores

Iyi ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushandiswa pakupatsanura, ine maMCF anowanikwa muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana kuti agutse zvinodiwa zvakasiyana zvehuwandu:

Low-Core MCF (2-4 cores): Yakanakira maapplication anoda kuvandudzwa kwesimba riri pakati nepakati, senge 5G backhaul uye short-haul metro networks. NTT yekuJapan yakagadzira 4-core MCFs dzinoenderana nehukuru hwemuviri hwe single-core fibers dzechinyakare, zvichigonesa kuvandudzwa kwezvivakwa zviripo pasina kugadzirisa michina yekushandisa.
Mid-Core MCF (7-12 cores): Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzedata uye mumasangano emusana emunharaunda. Ma-7-core MCF, kunyanya, anozivikanwa nekubatanidza ma-high-density, sezvo achienzanisa kugona, mutengo, uye kushandira pamwe nemidziyo iripo ye fan-in/fan-out.
High-Core MCF (19-24+ cores): Yakagadzirirwa zviitiko zvine simba rakawanda, zvakaita seAI data centers, supercomputing clusters, uye long-haul backbone networks. Muna Kurume 2026, CICT yeChina yakawana rekodhi yepasi rose ye2.5 Pb/s real-time transmission ichishandisa 24-core MCF, zvakaenzana nekudhawunirodha mafirimu 14,000 e20GB 4K musekondi imwe chete.

2. Kurongwa neCore Arrangement

Kurongeka kwemacores mukati mecladding kunokanganisa kuparadzaniswa kwechiratidzo, saizi yefiber, uye kuoma kwekugadzira:

Kurongeka kweRing: Macores akarongwa nenzira yakatenderera akatenderedza axis yepakati, zvichiwedzera nzvimbo yepakati uye zvichideredza crosstalk. Dhizaini iyi inowanzo shandiswa mumaMCF ane huwandu hwakakura hwekutumira zvinhu kwenguva refu.
Kurongeka kweGridhi: Macores akarongwa mugridhi re rectangular kana hexagonal, zvichibvumira kuti core density yakakwira munzvimbo diki. Dhizaini iyi inofarirwa kune data centre interconnects, uko kushanda zvakanaka kwenzvimbo kwakakosha.

3. Kupatsanura neMaitiro Ekushanda

MaMCF anogonawo kuiswa muzvikamu zvichienderana nehuwandu hwemamodhi anotsigira musimboti wega wega:

Single-Mode MCF (SM-MCF): Core yega yega inotsigira nzira imwe chete yekuparadzira, ichipa kupararira kwesignali kwakaderera uye mhando yepamusoro yekutumira. Iyi ndiyo mhando inonyanya kushandiswa kune mashandisirwo ekufamba kwenguva refu uye ane simba rakawanda, senge 24-core SM-MCF inoshandiswa mukutumira kweCICT kuChina.
Multi-Mode MCF (MM-MCF): Chikamu chimwe nechimwe chinotsigira nzira dzakawanda dzekuparadzira, zvichiita kuti pave nekukwanisa kwakanyanya asi nekuparadzira masaini kwakakwira. Rudzi urwu runoshandiswa kumapurogiramu epfupi, akadai sedata centre internal interconnects.

Mashandisirwo Epasi Pose eMulticore Optical Fiber

Multicore optical fiber iri kushandura maindasitiri akawanda nekugadzirisa kugona uye nzvimbo dzakaoma dzemafiber echinyakare e optical. Mashandisirwo ayo anotangira panharembozha nenzvimbo dzedata kusvika kuhutano, aerospace, uye maindasitiri, nekushandiswa kwepasi rose kuri kuwedzera sezvo tekinoroji ichikura:

1. Kutaurirana (Mambure eLong-Haul neMetro)

Ma network ekufamba kwenguva refu ne metro ndiwo nzvimbo huru yekushandisa MCF, sezvo vachitarisana nekumanikidzwa kukuru kubva pakuwedzera kwedata. Ma fiber echinyakare e single-core asvika pamiganhu yesimba rawo, zvichiita kuti MCF ive mhinduro chete inoshanda yekuzadzisa kudiwa kwemasevhisi e6G, AI, uye cloud. Semuenzaniso, CICT yeChina neFeiboer dzakaisa ma MCF e 24-core mu backbone networks, dzichiwana simba rekutumira re 2.5 Pb/s - nhanho yaizoda ma fiber e single-core 24 akasiyana achishandisa tekinoroji yechinyakare. MuEurope, STL neColt vakaedza MCF mu metro network yeLondon, vachiratidza kugona kwayo kuwedzera simba pasina kuwedzera zvivakwa zvemuviri.

Kune network, maMCF ane macore mana akagadzirwa neNTT ari kuita kuti pave nekuvandudzwa kusingadhuri. MaMCF aya anoenderana nehukuru hwemafiber ekare ane macore rimwe chete, zvichibvumira ngarava dziripo nemapaipi kuti ashandiswe, ukuwo achiwedzera simba rekutumira zvinhu kane. Imwe yaimbove nefiber 48 ine macore rimwe chete ikozvino inogona kutakura maMCF 48 ane macore mana, zvichiwedzera huwandu hwemacore kubva pa48 kusvika pa192.

2. Nzvimbo dzeData uye Hyperscale Computing

Nzvimbo dzedata, kunyanya nzvimbo dzepamusoro-soro dzinotsigira AI ne cloud computing, dzinoda nzvimbo dzekubatanidza dzine huwandu hwakanyanya, uye dzakaderera. MCFs dzinogadzirisa izvi nekuderedza vhoriyamu yetambo, huremu, uye mutengo wekutumira. Sekureva kwekutsvaga kwaCorning, maMCF mana-core anogona kuderedza kubatana kwetambo ne75% uye kuderedza nguva yekuisa link kubva pakupera kusvika pakupera neanopfuura 50%, ukuwo achiwedzera kugona kwakapetwa kana munzvimbo imwe chete. Makambani akaita seGoogle neAWS ari kutsvaga maMCF kuti agadzirise network dzavo dzenzvimbo dzedata, achitsigira zvinodiwa zvikuru zvekutumira data zvemakirasi ekudzidzisa eAI nemasevhisi egore, mutungamiri wepasi rose wefiber optic, akatanga mhinduro yeMCF yenzvimbo yedata inobatanidza, tambo dzine huwandu hwakanyanya, uye zvinobatanidza, zvichigonesa kugadzirwa kwemidziyo ye fan-in/fan-out uye kugona kwayo. Mhinduro iyi inoderedza vhoriyamu neanopfuura 75%, ichigadzirisa zvipingamupinyi zvenzvimbo dzemazuva ano dzenzvimbo dzedata.

3. Kuona Maindasitiri uye Ndege

MaMCF ari kushandiswa zvakanyanya mukushandiswa kwekunzwa kwakapararira, nekuda kwekugona kwawo kutsigira nzira dzakawanda dzekunzwa mufayibha imwe chete. Muindasitiri yemafuta negesi, maMCF anoshandiswa pakuona tembiricha iri pasi pevhu uye kusvuta, zvichigonesa kutarisa kuvimbika kwepombi panguva chaiyo. Mundege, maMCF anobatanidzwa mundege nemasaiti, zvichipa ma optical interconnect akareruka uye akavimbika e avionics nemasystem ekutaurirana.

Semuenzaniso, maMCF ane 7-core ane feni-in/fan-out devices anoshandiswa muma network ekuona akapararira ekutarisa mapaipi, achipa kunyatsojeka kwakanyanya uye kupindira kushoma. Mumarobhoti neindasitiri otomatiki, maMCF anogonesa kubatana kwemaoptical kwakabatana, zvichivandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwesystem uye kuvimbika kwayo.

4. Hutano uye Kufungidzira Zvekurapa

Mukurapa, maMCF ari kuchinja nzira dzekurapa dzekufungidzira nekuongorora nekugonesa ma "compact, high-resolution optical probes". Chimiro che "multi-core" ichi chinobvumira kuburitswa kwechiedza chine nzira dzakawanda uye kuonekwa, zvichivandudza kururama kwehunyanzvi hwemifananidzo senge endoscopy ne confocal microscopy. MaMCF anoshandiswawo muma "laser delivery systems" ekuvhiya kusingakuvadzi zvakanyanya, zvichipa kudzora kwakaringana uye kuderedza kukuvara kwenyama.

Maitiro eMusika Wepasi Pose uye Ruzivo rweGEO

Musika wepasi rose we multicore optical fiber uri kukura nekukurumidza, zvichikonzerwa nekuwedzera kwekudiwa kwebandwidth, kuwedzera kweAI uye cloud computing, uye kuiswa kwe6G. Sekureva kwe360 Research Reports, saizi yemusika wepasi rose weMCF yaikosheswa paUSD 1.58 bhiriyoni muna 2025 uye inotarisirwa kusvika USD 10.31 bhiriyoni panosvika 2034, ne compound annual growth rate (CAGR) ye23.19%. Mafambiro makuru eGEO anosiyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo, zvichiratidza mutsauko mukuvandudzwa kwezvivakwa, kushandiswa kwetekinoroji, uye kudiwa kwemusika:

1. Asia-Pacific (APAC): Tekinoroji Inotungamira uye Kutumirwa Kwebasa

Asia-Pacific ndiyo musika mukuru uye uri kukura nekukurumidza weMCF, uchitungamirwa neChina, Japan, neSouth Korea muhunyanzvi hwekutaurirana kwemaziso. China iri pamberi peMCF innovation, nemakambani akaita seFeiboer achitungamira R&D uye kuendeswa kwemakambani. MunaKurume 2026, CICT's 2.5 Pb/s transmission budiriro yakaratidza hutungamiriri hweChina pasi rose muhunyanzvi hweMCF, nepo Feiboer yapedza chirongwa chekutanga chekuvandudza data center MCF muChina. NTT yeJapan ipiyona mukuvandudza MCF ine 4-core, nepo vashandi vefoni vekuSouth Korea vari kuedza MCF ye5G ne6G backhaul networks.

Musika weAPAC unotsigirwawo nemitemo yakasimba yehurumende, China ichisanganisira MCF muchirongwa chayo chitsva chekuvandudza zvivakwa zveruzivo uye Japan ichikurudzira MCF yezvirongwa zvayo zvenyika zvebroadband ne6G. Panosvika 2034, APAC inotarisirwa kuve nechikamu chinodarika 50% chemusika wepasi rose weMCF.

2. North America: Kudiwa kweHyperscale Data Center

North America ndiyo musika mukuru weMCF, zvichikonzerwa nekudiwa kukuru kwedata center interconnects kubva kumakambani ehyperscale akadai seGoogle, AWS, neMicrosoft. Muna 2024, US yakaisa MCF makiromita anopfuura 4,300 kumametro network, hyperscale data centers, uye 5G backhaul routes, ne2,600 MCF-enabled optical communication nodes dzakaiswa munyika yese. Masangano ekutsvagisa ekuAmerica akaita miedzo yeMCF inodarika 5,050, yakatarisana nekuvandudza mashandiro eSDM uye kuderedza crosstalk neinopfuura 21%.

Corning, kambani hombe ye fiber optic iri kuUS, ikambani huru mumusika weNorth America weMCF, ichipa mhinduro dzeMCF dzakawanda dzenzvimbo dzedata. Musika weUS unotsigirwawo nekudyara kwakasimba kubva kumakambani makuru ekufambisa data, nemakambani emafoni anopfuura gumi nematanhatu anoisa mari mukutumira MCF, zvichikonzera kukura kwemusika.

3. Europe: Zvishandiso zveMetro neIndasitiri

Europe iri kutarisa pakushandiswa kweMCF mu metro networks uye mashandisirwo ekuona maindasitiri. STL naColt vakaedza MCF mu metro network yeLondon, vachiratidza kugona kwayo kuwedzera kugona kwayo pasina kuwedzera zvivakwa zvemuviri. Nyika dzeEurope dziri kuisawo mari muMCF yekuona maindasitiri, kunyanya muzvikamu zvemafuta negasi nendege.

Musika wekuEurope unotsigirwa nehurongwa hweEU hweDigital Single Market, hune chinangwa chekuvandudza mukana wekushandisa broadband nekukurumidza munharaunda yese. Panosvika gore ra2034, Europe inotarisirwa kuve nechikamu chinosvika 20% chemusika wepasi rose weMCF.

Matambudziko Ehunyanzvi uye Maonero Eramangwana

Matambudziko Ehunyanzvi Aripo Iye Zvino

Pasinei nekukura kwayo nekukurumidza, fiber ye optical multicore ichiri kutarisana nematambudziko akati wandei ehunyanzvi anofanirwa kugadziriswa kuti itengeswe zvakanyanya:

Inter-Core Crosstalk: Kunyange hazvo kugadzirisa magadzirirwo kwakaderedza crosstalk, kupindira kwezvakasara kuchiri dambudziko kune maMCF ane nhamba huru. Matekinoroji epamusoro ekugadzirisa masaini, akadai se digital signal equalization, ari kugadzirwa kuderedza dambudziko iri.
Kugadzira Kwakarurama: Kugadzira maMCF ane hunhu hwakafanana uye kupatsanurwa kwakasimba kwepakati nepakati kunoda kunyatsojeka kwe sub-micron, zvichiwedzera kuoma kwekugadzira uye mutengo. Vanopfuura 42% vevashandi vanotaura nezvematambudziko ekugadzira kwakarurama mumafomu eMCF, zvichienderana ne360 Research Reports.
Kubatanidza uye Kugadzirisa: Kubatanidza maMCF kwakaoma kupfuura mafiber ane musimboti mumwe chete, sezvo musimboti wega wega uchifanira kurongeka zvakanaka. Midziyo yakakosha yekusanganisa inodiwa, zvichiita kuti mari yekuisa iwedzere. Vanopfuura 31% vevashandisi vanoti matambudziko ekuisa anokonzerwa nezvinodiwa zvakaoma zvekugadzirisa.
Mutengo: MaMCF nemidziyo yawo (midziyo inopinza/inoburitsa feni, matransceiver akasarudzika) parizvino anodhura kupfuura mafiber echinyakare e-single-core, zvichideredza kushandiswa mumisika inonyanya kukoshesa mitengo.

Maonero Eramangwana

Pasinei nematambudziko aya, remangwana re multicore optical fiber riri kuvimbisa, nemaitiro akati wandei akakosha achiumba kukura kwayo:

Higher Core Counts: Kutsvagurudza kuri kuenderera mberi kugadzira maMCF ane macore anopfuura 50, zvichiwedzera kugona kwekutumira data. Semuenzaniso, vaongorori vakagadzira Sagnac interferometer inokwanisa kudhinda mabasa akaomarara pamacore anopfuura 127, zvichigadzira nzira yemaMCF ane ultra-high-core-count.
Kuderedza Mutengo: Sezvo tekinoroji yekugadzira zvinhu ichikura uye hupfumi hwezvinhu huchikwira, mutengo weMCFs nezvimwe zvinhu zvinotarisirwa kudzikira, zvichiita kuti kushandiswa kwemidziyo yakawanda kuitwe. Kufambira mberi mukugadzirwa kwemidziyo inopinzwa nefeni, senge kugadzirwa kwebatch, kuchaderedzawo mitengo.
Kubatanidzwa ne6G: MCF ichave chinhu chikuru chinogonesa tekinoroji ye6G, ichitsigira kugona kwakanyanya, kunonoka kwakaderera, uye zvinodiwa zvikuru zvekubatana kwemanetwork e6G. Kuiswa kwe6G kuchawedzera kudiwa kweMCF mumakore gumi anotevera.
Mashandisirwo Matsva: MaMCF anotarisirwa kuwedzera munzvimbo itsva, dzakadai sekukurukurirana kwequantum, astrophotonics, uye tekinoroji inopfekwa. Mu astrophotonics, maMCF anoshandiswa mumatelesikopu ekubatanidza beam uye interferometric spectroscopy, zvichifambira mberi pakuongorora kwemuchadenga.

Mhedziso

Multicore optical fiber itekinoroji inoshandura zvinhu iri kuchinja indasitiri yekutaurirana kwemaziso. Nekushandisa space-division multiplexing uye multi-core design, MCFs dzinokunda zvipingamupinyi zve single-core fibers dzechinyakare, zvichigonesa kutumira data nekukurumidza, rine simba guru rinodiwa paAI, cloud computing, 6G, nedzimwe tekinoroji dzedhijitari. Kubva kuma network efoni dzefoni dziri kure uye nzvimbo dzedata dze hyperscale kusvika kuhutano nekuona maindasitiri, MCFs dziri kuvhura mikana mitsva mumaindasitiri ese.

Musika wepasi rose weMCF uri kukura nekukurumidza, Asia-Pacific ichitungamira muhunyanzvi nekushandiswa, North America ichikurudzira kudiwa kwekushandiswa kwedata center, uye Europe ichinyanya kutarisa pakushandiswa kwemetro nemaindasitiri. Kunyange hazvo matambudziko ehunyanzvi akadai sekutaurirana, kunyatsogadzirwa kwezvinhu, uye mutengo zvichiripo, tsvakiridzo nekuvandudzwa kuri kuenderera mberi kuri kugadzirisa matambudziko aya, zvichigadzira nzira yekutengeserana kwakapararira.

Sezvatinopinda munguva yedhijitari, fiber yemagetsi ine macore akawanda ichaita basa rakakosha mukuvaka chizvarwa chinotevera chezvivakwa zvekutaurirana. Kukwanisa kwayo kupa kugona kwakawanda mupakeji diki, isingadhuri kunoita kuti ive remangwana rekutaurirana kwemagetsi - remangwana uko kudhawunirodha kwemafirimu zviuru gumi nezvina zve4K kwesekondi imwe chete hakusisiri kufungidzira, asi chokwadi.

Taura Nesu, Wana Zvigadzirwa Zvemhando Yepamusoro uye Basa Rekungwarira.

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