Munguva yedhijitari, kubatana kwakakosha. Musoro wekubatana uku unowanzo tariswa: tambo yeEthernet.

Tambo dzeEthernet ndidzo dzinobatsira zvikuru pakushandisa network dzedu dzemunharaunda (LANs). Dzinobatanidza zvishandiso zvedu, zvichiita kuti kutaurirana nekutumira data zvikwanisike.

Asi chii chaizvo chinonzi Ethernet cable?

Gwaro iri richaongorora nyika yetambo dzeEthernet. Tichaongorora marongerwo adzo, mhando dzadzo, uye mapoka adzo, uye kuti dzakashanduka sei nekufamba kwenguva.

Tichakurukurawo nezvebasa ravo mukushanda kwenetwork. Kubva pabandwidth nekumhanya kwedata kusvika pakudzivirira tambo uye mitemo, tichakurukura zvese.

Ungave uri munhu anofarira tekinoroji, nyanzvi yeIT, kana mushandisi wepamba ari kugadzira network, gwaro iri ndere rako.

Tibatanei patinoongorora kuoma kwetambo dzeEthernet, zvichikubatsirai kuita sarudzo dzakakodzera zvinodiwa ne network yenyu.

Chii chinonzi Ethernet Cable?

Tambo dzeEthernet chinhu chakakosha pakubatanidza makombiyuta. Dzinoshanda senzira chaiyo yekubatanidza midziyo iri mukati me network.

Zvikurukuru, tambo dzeEthernet dzinobatanidza makombiyuta, ma router, uye ma switch mu network yemunzvimbo (LAN). Izvi zvinoita kuti data rifambiswe nekukurumidza uye zvakavimbika.

Tambo idzi dzinowanzogadzirwa newaya dzemhangura. Dzinouya dzakaputirwa mujaketi dzinodzivirira, zvichiita kuti chiratidzo chirambe chakasimba panguva yekutumirwa kwemagetsi.

Tambo dzeEthernet dzave kuwanikwa mudzimba nemumabhizinesi. Magadzirirwo adzo anobvumira kutaurirana zvinobudirira pakati pemadaro mapfupi kusvika pakati nepakati.

Mabasa akakosha etambo dzeEthernet anosanganisira:

• Kugonesa kutaurirana kwedata pakati pemidziyo
• Kutsigira kubatana kweinternet kunokurumidza
• Kubatsira manejimendi yemidziyo yenetiweki

Mumakore apfuura, tambo dzeEthernet dzakashanduka nekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji. Kushanduka uku kwakaita kuti pave nekumhanya uye mashandiro akanaka.

Kazhinji, tambo dzeEthernet dzakakosha pakuchengetedza network dzakasimba. Basa radzo nderekuchengetedza nyika yedu yedhijitari yakabatana uye ichishanda zvakanaka.

Kushanduka kweMatambo eEthernet

Tambo dzeEthernet dzave nekushanduka-shanduka kukuru kubva padzakatanga kushandiswa. Pakutanga dzakagadzirwa muma1970, Ethernet yakagadzirwa kuti ikwanise kusangana nezvinodiwa zviri kukura zvekubatana kwenzvimbo dzemuno (LAN).

Rwendo rwakatanga netambo dze coaxial dzaipa kumhanya kushoma uye kugona kushoma. Nekufamba kwenguva, idzi dzakatsiviwa netambo dzakamonyoroka-monyoroka, izvo zvakavandudza kubatana uye kuvimbika.

Nhasi, tafambira mberi kuzvikamu zvakaita seCat5, Cat6, nezvimwe. Kudzokorora kwega kwega kune kumhanya kwakanyanya, bandwidth, uye kugara kwenguva refu. Kuchinja uku kunoratidza kudiwa kuri kuitwa neinternet nekukurumidza uye kugona kwekufambisa data kwakawedzerwa.

Saka tambo dzeEthernet dzagara dzichienderana nezvinodiwa netekinoroji yemazuva ano. Dzinoramba dzichiita basa rakakosha mukutsigira nyika yedhijitari iri kuramba ichikura. Sezvo matekinoroji emangwana achibuda, tambo dzeEthernet dzinotarisirwa kuramba dzichichinja, zvichiita kuti dzikwanise kusangana nezvinodiwa zve networking.

Kuumbwa kweCable yeEthernet uye Kukosha kweTwasted Pair

Tambo dzeEthernet dzakagadzirwa netambo dzemhangura dzakakombama. Chimiro ichi chakasiyana ndicho chinhu chikuru pakugadzirwa kwadzo. Tambo imwe neimwe inotenderera kuti isapindire.

Kutenderedza uku kunobatsira kuderedza kupindirana kwemagetsi kubva kune dzimwe nzvimbo. Izvi zvinoita kuti data riendeswe zvakanaka uye rakavimbika. Tambo idzi dzinowanzova netambo ina dzakatenderedzwa mukati mejaketi rekudzivirira.

Tambo dzakatwasuka dzinouya mumhando mbiri huru: Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) uye Shielded Twisted Pair (STP). Musiyano mukuru uri mukudzivirirwa kwadzo kubva pakukanganiswa. MaUTP akajairika uye akakwana kune akawanda ma network emumba nemahofisi.

Sarudzo iyi yedhizaini inobatsira zvikuru mukuderedza kuora kwechiratidzo panguva refu. Kunyatsogadzira magadzirirwo emapairi aya akakombama kwave kwakakosha mukuita kuti data rifambiswe nekukurumidza. Mugumisiro wacho ndewekuvandudzwa kwekushanda kwenetwork, izvo zvakakosha kuti pave nekubatana kwakanaka.

Kazhinji, chimiro che twisted pair ndicho chinhu chakakosha pahunyanzvi hweEthernet cable. Chinopa mabhenefiti anoshanda mukuderedza kukanganiswa uye kuchengetedza kuvimbika kwemasaini.

Mapoka eEthernet Cable uye Mhando

Tambo dzeEthernet dzinoiswa muzvikamu zvichienderana nekushanda kwadzo. Mapoka akasiyana anopa mwero wakasiyana wekumhanya, bandwidth, uye shielding. Kusarudza chikamu chakakodzera kunogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kushanda zvakanaka kwenetwork.

Mapoka acho anotangira paCat5 kusvika paCat8 yazvino. Sezvo nhamba yemapoka ichikwira, kumhanya uye bandwidth zvinokwirawo. Mapoka akakwira anowanzo tsigira mitengo yedata nekukurumidza uye maapplication anonetsa.

Heino kupatsanurwa kwezvikamu zvetambo dzeEthernet zvakajairika:

• Cat5 neCat5e: Kumhanya kwakakosha uye kuvimbika kwezvinodiwa zvezuva nezuva.
• Cat6 neCat6a: Kumhanya kwakawedzerwa nekutaura kwakaderera, kwakanakira ma network egigabit.
• Cat7 neCat8: Zvinodiwa zvine simba guru, zvakanakira nzvimbo dzedata.

Tambo dzeEthernet dzakakosha mune chero networking setup. Kugona kwadzo kunokanganisa kufamba kwedata uye mashandiro enetwork yese. Chikamu chimwe nechimwe chinoshanda munzvimbo dzakasiyana, kubva kumahofisi madiki kusvika kunzvimbo huru dzedata.

Kusarudza chikamu chakakodzera kunoda kunzwisisa zvinodiwa ne network. Zvinhu zvekufunga nezvazvo zvinosanganisira saizi ye network, kumhanya kwe mudziyo, uye zvinodiwa mune ramangwana. Zvakakosha kuyera mutengo nekushanda.

Muchidimbu, kunzwisisa zvikamu izvi kunobatsira mukugadzira network yakasimba. Kusarudza zvakanaka kunogona kutungamira mukushanda kwakanaka uye kudzikira kwekunonoka. Nekugara uine ruzivo, unogona kuva nechokwadi chekuti network yako inoshanda zvakanaka.

Chikamu 5 (Cat5) uye Chikamu 5e (Cat5e)

Tambo dzeCat5 dzaive dzakajairika kwemakore mazhinji. Dzinotsigira kumhanya kusvika ku100 Mbps, zvichiita kuti dzikwanise kushandiswa painternet. Zvisinei, dzinogona kusashanda zvakanaka pakushandisa kwemazuva ano.

Cat5e yakabuda seshanduro yakagadziridzwa. Inotsigira kumhanya kwegigabit uye inoderedza kupindirana. Kudzimba nemabhizinesi madiki, Cat5e ichiri sarudzo yakavimbika. Chikamu ichi chinopa mhinduro inodhura zvishoma pasina kurasikirwa nekushanda kwakawandisa.

Chikamu 6 (Cat6) uye Chikamu 6a (Cat6a)

Tambo dzeCat6 dzinopa kuvandudzwa kwakakosha kupfuura Cat5e. Dzinobata kumhanya kweGigabit kusvika ku10 munzvimbo pfupi. Izvi zvinoita kuti dzive dzakanakira kubatanidza zvinomhanya zvakanyanya mumahofisi nemabhizinesi.

Cat6a inowedzerawo kugona uku. Inopa rutsigiro rwe10 Gigabit padaro refu nekutaurirana kwakaderera. Izvi zvinoita kuti ive yakakodzera makamuri eseva uye zvinodiwa zvakanyanya zvedata. Cat6a inopa dziviriro yeramangwana yekuwedzera network.

Chikamu 7 (Cat7) uye Chikamu 8 (Cat8)

Tambo dzeCat7 dzinoita kuti mashandiro adzo awedzere. Nemawiri akavharirwa, anoderedza kukanganiswa zvinobudirira. Anobata kumhanya kusvika ku10 Gigabit uye akagadzirirwa nzvimbo dze network dzinomhanya zvakanyanya.

Cat8 ndiyo tekinoroji yepamusoro yeEthernet. Inotsigira kumhanya kusvika ku25 kana kunyange 40 Gigabit panguva pfupi. Izvi zvinobatsira zvikuru kune data centers uye network backbones. Cat8 inomiririra Ethernet hunyanzvi hwepamusoro.

Kunzwisisa RJ45 Connectors

Makonekita eRJ45 akakosha pakubatanidza mawaya eEthernet. Ndiwo makonekita anoshandiswa pakubatanidza mawaya enetwork. RJ45 yega yega ine mapini masere anoenderana newaya dzewaya. Izvi zvinoita kuti data rienderane uye rienderane. Dhizaini yekonekita inotarisa pakuchengetedza kubatana kwemagetsi kwakasimba.

Chinobatanidza cheRJ45 chinokwana zvakanaka muEthernet port. Dhizaini iyi inoderedza kurasikirwa kwemasaini. Inoshandiswa pasi rese, zvichiita kuti ive yakakosha mukugadzirisa network. Kuchinja-chinja uku kunobvumira RJ45 kubatanidza zvishandiso zvakaita semakombiyuta, marouter, uye maswichi zviri nyore. Kugara kwayo kwenguva refu uye kushanda kwayo zvakanaka kunoita kuti ive chinhu chikuru che networking. Sezvo zvinodiwa ne network zvichichinja, RJ45 inoramba iri sarudzo yakavimbika yekubatanidza nekukurumidza.

Kudzivirira: Matambo eUTP vs. STP

Tambo dzeEthernet dzinouya mumhando mbiri huru dzekudzivirira: UTP neSTP. UTP inomirira Unshielded Twisted Pair. Tambo idzi hadzina dziviriro yekuwedzera. Dzinoshandisa ma twisted pairs kuderedza kupindirana. Tambo dzeUTP dzinowanzo dhura uye dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya munetwork dzemumba.

STP, kana kuti Shielded Twisted Pair, inowedzera dziviriro. Iyi tambo yekudzivirira inodzivirira kukanganiswa kwemagetsi. Inoita kuti tambo dzeSTP dzive dzakanakira nzvimbo dzemaindasitiri. Tambo dzeSTP dzakakodzera nzvimbo dzine michina yakawanda kana ruzha rwemagetsi.

Kusarudza pakati peUTP neSTP zvinoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu. UTP inoshanda zvakanaka munzvimbo dzisina kukanganiswa zvakanyanya. STP iri nani kune nzvimbo dzine kukanganiswa kwakanyanya. Rudzi rumwe nerumwe rune zvinangwa zvakasiyana, saka funga nezvezvinodiwa nenetwork yako. Fungawo nezvemitengo nematambudziko ekuisa ane chekuita netambo dzeSTP.

Matanho eTIA/EIA uye Kureba kweCable

Pakusarudza tambo dzeEthernet, mitemo inokosha. Mitemo yeTIA/EIA inovimbisa kuti inoenderana uye inoshanda. Inoisa gwara rezvinhu zvese kubva pawaya kusvika kune zvinhu. Mitemo iyi inobatsira kuchengetedza kuvimbika kwenetwork. Kutevedzera mitemo kwakakosha kuti network ive yakavimbika.

Mitemo yeTIA/EIA inotaurawo nezvehurefu hwetambo. Tambo refu dzinogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kwechiratidzo. Kazhinji, tambo dzeEthernet hadzifanirwe kudarika mamita zana. Muganho uyu unochengetedza kumhanya kwedata uye unoderedza kunonoka. Tambo pfupi dzimwe nguva dzinogona kuvandudza mashandiro.

Kunzwisisa mitemo iyi kunobatsira mukuronga network. Kusarudza tambo dziri muhurefu hwakakodzera kwakakosha. Zvinoita kuti network yako ishande zvakanaka uye nemazvo. Kutevedzera mitemo iyi kunodzivirira matambudziko ekubatanidza. Gara uchitarisa kuti tambo dzako dzinosangana neTIA/EIA standards kuti uwane ruzivo rwakanaka pa network.

Matambo ePatch neMatambo eCrossover: Mabhokisi ekushandisa

Mawaya ekubatanidza mawaya anowanzo shandiswa pakubatanidza zvishandiso kune network infrastructure. Anowanzo batanidza makombiyuta kune network switches kana ma routers. Mawaya aya anogona kushandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana uye anowanzo shandiswa mukugadzirisa mahofisi nedzimba.

Tambo dzinoshandiswa pakutumira mashoko dzine basa radzo chairo. Dzinobatanidza michina yakafanana zvakananga, senge makombiyuta maviri. Izvi zvinoitwa nekuyambuka waya dzinotumirwa nedzinogashirwa, zvichiita kuti kutaurirana kwakananga kuve nyore.

Kunzwisisa nguva yekushandisa mhando yega yega yetambo kwakakosha. Matambo ekubatanidza akagadzirirwa kubatanidza kune network, nepo tambo dzecrossover dzichibatanidza zvakananga zvishandiso. Kusarudza tambo chaiyo kunoita kuti data ritumirwe zvakanaka uye rishande zvakanaka.

Matambo ePlenum-rated vs. PVC

Pakusarudza tambo dzeEthernet, zvinhu zvinokosha. Tambo dzakagadzirwa nePlenum dzakagadzirirwa nzvimbo dzine mhepo inotenderera. Dzinosangana nezvinodiwa zvakasimba zvekuchengetedza moto, dzichiburitsa utsi hushoma kana dzakapiswa.

Tambo dzePVC dzakajairika uye dzinodhura zvishoma. Dzakakodzera kuiswa kwakajairika asi hadzipi kudzivirira moto kwakafanana nesarudzo dzakarongwa neplenum. Kusarudza pakati padzo zvinoenderana nenzvimbo yaunoisa uye zvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza. Sarudza tambo dzeplenum munzvimbo dzinobata mhepo senge denga, uye sarudza PVC yekuisa zvinhu zvakajairwa uye zvisingadhuri. Gara uchikoshesa kuchengetedzeka uye kutevedzera mitemo yekuvaka yemuno.

Bandwidth uye Data Speed: Chii Chaunofanira Kuziva?

Bandwidth nekumhanya kwedata zvakakosha pakushanda kwenetwork. Bandwidth inoreva kugona kukuru kwekutumira data kwenetwork. Inoyerwa mu megabits per second (Mbps) kana gigabits per second (Gbps).

Mapoka etambo dzeEthernet anosarudza kugona kwebandwidth. Mapoka etambo emhando yepamusoro, akadai seCat6 kana Cat8, anotsigira kumhanya kwedata nekukurumidza. Izvi zvinoreva kudhawunirodha nekukurumidza uye ruzivo rwekutenderera zviri nyore. Semuenzaniso, mapoka eCat5e anopa kusvika ku1 Gbps, nepo Cat6a ichigona kubata 10 Gbps.

Kusarudza tambo yeEthernet yakakodzera kunokanganisa mashandiro enetwork yako. Iva nechokwadi chekuti tambo yako inoenderana nekugona kwako internet kumhanya. Sezvo kumhanya kweinternet uye kudiwa kwedata kuchikwira, funga nezvetambo dzemhando yepamusoro. Kuisa mari mubandwidth iri nani nhasi kunogona kukuponesa kubva mukuvandudzwa mune ramangwana uye kuchengetedza network yako ichishanda zvakanaka.

Simba pamusoro peEthernet (PoE) Rakatsanangurwa

Simba pamusoro peEthernet (PoE) rinobvumira simba remagetsi nedata kufamba pamusoro petambo imwe chete yeEthernet. Izvi zvinoita kuti kuiswa kwemidziyo kuve nyore nekubvisa kudiwa kwetambo dzemagetsi dzakasiyana. PoE inonyanya kubatsira kumidziyo yakaita semakamera eIP, nzvimbo dzekuwana waya, uye mafoni eVoIP uko nzvimbo dzemagetsi dziri shoma.

Tekinoroji yePoE inosiyana-siyana pamasimba, kubva pa15 watts kusvika kupfuura 90 watts. Kusarudza switch kana injector inokwanisa PoE zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nemagetsi emudziyo wako. Kushandisa PoE kunoita kuti mawaya emagetsi ashande zvakanaka uye agare zvakanaka, zvichiita kuti network dzishande zvakanaka uye dzakachena.

Mazano ekutarisira tambo uye kuisa

Kutarisira tambo nemazvo kwakakosha kuti network irambe ichishanda zvakanaka uye yakavimbika. Tambo dzakarongwa dzinoderedza kuzara kwezvinhu uye dzinoita kuti kugadzirisa matambudziko kuve nyore. Kushandisa matireyi etambo, matayi, uye mazita kunobatsira kuchengetedza tambo dzakachena uye dzinozivikanwa.

Paunenge uchironga kuisa, funga nezvehurefu nerudzi rwetambo inodiwa pakugadzirisa kwako. Kuchengetedza tambo mukati mehurefu hunokurudzirwa kunodzivirira kurasikirwa kwemasaini uye kuchengetedza mashandiro enetwork. Iva nechokwadi chekuti tambo dzakaiswa kure nezvinhu zvinogona kukonzera kukanganiswa, senge tambo dzemagetsi nemwenje ye fluorescent.

Dzivisa kukotama kwakasimba uye kudonha kwetambo nekuti izvi zvinogona kukanganisa waya uye kukanganisa mashandiro. Nyatsotarisa tambo kuti dzirambe dzichiyerera zvakanaka, uchiremekedza kukotama kwetambo. Gara uchitarisa uye uchichengetedza tambo dzako kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti network yako inogara kwenguva refu uye kudzivirira kukanganisa kusingatarisirwi.

Kuchengetedza Network Yako Mune Remangwana Netambo dzeEthernet

Kudyara mari mumatare eEthernet akakodzera nhasi kunogona kugadzirira network yako kuti ikwane zvinodiwa mangwana. Kusarudza matare emhando yepamusoro, akadai seCat6a kana Cat8, kunowedzera kugona kwebandwidth nekumhanya, zvichigadzirira kuvandudzwa mune ramangwana. Matare aya anotsigira mwero wedata wakakwira, zvichiita kuti akwanise matekinoroji ari kubuda.

Funga nezvekukura kwemidziyo yakabatana munetwork yako. Midziyo yakawanda inoreva kufambiswa kwedata kwakawanda, zvichida zvivakwa zvakasimba. Network isingakuvadzi mune ramangwana inokwana vanhu vakawanda vasingakanganisi mashandiro kana kugadzikana.

Kuronga kuti network yako ikwanise kukura zvakanaka kunoita kuti network yako ikwanise kuchinja zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zviri kuchinja. Ongorora marongerwo enetwork yako kuti uone kana paine mukana wekuwedzera tambo. Nekusarudza mawaya emhando yepamusoro uye nzira dzinoshanda zvakanaka, zvivakwa zvako zvinoramba zvichishanda zvakanaka kwemakore anotevera.

Mhedziso: Kusarudza Sarudzo Yakakodzera Network Yako

Kusarudza tambo yeEthernet yakakodzera kunoda kunzwisisa zvinodiwa nenetwork yako pari zvino uye mune ramangwana. Funga nezvezvinhu zvakaita sekumhanya, marongerwo, uye kuwedzera kunogona kuitika. Nekusarudza chikamu chakakodzera, unoita kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti inoshanda uye yakavimbika.

Gara uine ruzivo nezvekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji uye mwero wekubatana. Ruzivo urwu runokubatsira kuita sarudzo dzakangwara uye kuchengetedza network yako ichishanda zvakanaka. Kuisa mari mu Ethernet cables dzemhando yepamusoro inzira yekuchenjera yekutsigira kukura uye kuchinjika kwenetwork yako.