Likhoele tsa fiber optic le coaxial ka bobeli li sebelisoa bakeng sa phetiso ea data, empa li fapana haholo ka moralo, ts'ebetso le lits'ebetso. Mona ke papiso e qaqileng:

1. Phetisetso ea Medium

• Optic ea Faeba:

  • Tšebelisoli-pulse tse bobebe(li-laser/li-LED) tse fetisoang ka likhoele tsa khalase/polasetiki.

  • Lintlha li tsamaea kaponahatso e felletseng ea kahareka hare ho 'mele.

• Cable ea Coaxial:

  • Tšebelisomatšoao a motlakaseka hare ho koporo e pota-potiloeng ke sekwahelo le tšireletso.

  • E na le mokhanni o bohareng, sethibela-mollo sa dielectric, thebe ea tšepe le baki ea polasetiki e ka ntle.

2. Lebelo le Bophara ba Motlakase

• Optic ea Faeba:

  • Lebelo: Ho fihlela holi-terabits ka motsotsoana (Tbps)lipatlisisong; e tšehetsa khoebo ea 100+ Gbps.

  • Bophara ba mothapo: Hoo e ka bang ha e na moeli ka lebaka la maqhubu a phahameng a khanya.

• Cable ea Coaxial:

  • Lebelo: Hangata ho fihlela ho10 Gbps(mohlala, DOCSIS 4.0 bakeng sa inthanete ea cable).

  • Bophara ba mothapo: E lekanyetsoa ke ho fokotseha ha lets'oao maqhubung a phahameng (ho fihlela ho 1 GHz ho coax ea sejoale-joale).

3. Tahlehelo ea Sebaka le Letšoao

• Optic ea Faeba:

  • Sebaka: Faeba ea mokhoa o le mong (SMF) e ka fetisa70–100+ kmntle le tse pheta-phetoang.

  • Ho fokotseha ha maikutlo: E tlase haholo (~0.2 dB/km).

• Cable ea Coaxial:

  • Sebaka: E lekanyelitsoe ho~Limithara tse 500(bakeng sa RG-6 ea boleng bo holimo) pele lets'oao le senyeha.

  • Ho fokotseha ha maikutlo: Tahlehelo e kholo ha ho le hole, haholo-holo maqhubung a phahameng.

4. Tšitiso le Botšepehi

• Optic ea Faeba:

  • Ho itšireletsa mafungtšitiso ea motlakase (EMI)le tšitiso ea maqhubu a radio (RFI).

  • Ha ho na puisano e akaretsang kapa ho dutla ha letshwao.

• Cable ea Coaxial:

  • Moralo o sirelelitsoeng o fokotsa EMI/RFI empa keha e sireletsehe(mohlala, tšitiso e bakoang ke lithapo tsa motlakase).

  • E kotsing ea ho "kena" (lerata le kenang ka har'a thapo) le ho "tsoa" (ho lutla ha lets'oao).

5. Tšireletso

• Optic ea Faeba:

  • Ho thata haholo ho tobetsa ntle le ho lemoha (tšitiso ea leseli ea bonahala).

  • E loketse phetiso e sireletsehileng ea data (mohlala, mmuso, lichelete).

• Cable ea Coaxial:

  • E kotsing ea ho mameloa ka ho dutla ha motlakase kapa lipompo tsa 'mele.

  • E hloka encryption (mohlala, AES) bakeng sa data e hlokolosi.

6. Litšenyehelo

• Optic ea Faeba:

  • Litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa pele ho nako(ho kenya, di-transceiver, disebediswa tsa ho kopanya).

  • Litšenyehelo tse tlase tsa nako e telele (tlhokomelo e fokolang, e ke keng ea qojoa nakong e tlang).

• Cable ea Coaxial:

  • Ho kenya ka theko e tlase(li fumaneha haholo, lihokelo tse bonolo joalo ka mofuta oa F).

  • Tlhokomelo e phahameng ha nako e ntse e ea (ho senyeha ha lets'oao, ho lokisoa ha tšireletso).

7. Ho Tšoarella le Boholo

• Optic ea Faeba:

  • Botlaaseng ba khalase bo fokolang(e hloka ho tshwarwa ka hloko nakong ya ho kenngwa).

  • E tšesaane, e bobebe, 'me e tenyetseha (e loketse liphaephe tse tletseng batho).

• Cable ea Coaxial:

  • Hapeho ba matla 'melengempa e teteaneng ebile e boima.

  • E kotsing ea ho bola haeba baki ea ka ntle e senyehile.

8. Likopo

• Optic ea Faeba:

  • Telecom ea hole (li-backbone tsa ISP, likhoele tsa ka tlas'a leoatle).

  • Inthanete e lebelo le phahameng (FTTH), litsi tsa data, marang-rang a 5G.

  • Mekhoa ea ho etsa litšoantšo tsa bongaka, tsa sesole le tsa indasteri.

• Cable ea Coaxial:

  • TV ea Cable (CATV) le inthanete e pharaletseng (mohlala, DOCSIS).

  • Tlhokomelo ea video ea sebaka se sekhutšoanyane (CCTV).

  • Marangrang a kgale (Ethernet hodima coax) le di-antenna tsa radio.

9. Nako ea ho lieha

• Optic ea Faeba:

  • Ho lieha ho tlase(haufi le phetiso ea lebelo la khanya).

  • Bohlokoa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa nako ea sebele (papali ea lipapali, khoebo ea setoko).

• Cable ea Coaxial:

  • Ho lieha ho hoholo ka lebaka la tieho ea ho ata ha lets'oao la motlakase.

10. Phetiso ea Matla

• Optic ea Faeba:

  • Ha e khone ho fetisa motlakase; disebediswa di hloka mehlodi e arohaneng ya motlakase.

• Cable ea Coaxial:

  • Litšehetsophetiso ea motlakase(mohlala, ho matlafatsa li-amplifier lits'ebetsong tsa CATV).

Neng ho Khetha Eng?

• Optic ea Faeba:

  • Ho hlokahala libaka tse lebelo le phahameng haholo, tse hole, kapa tse boima ba EMI.

  • Marangrang a sireletsang bokamoso (mohlala, metse e bohlale, IoT).

  • Lisebelisoa tse hlokang tšireletso e phahameng le botšepehi.

• Cable ea Coaxial:

  • Litlhophiso tse theko e tlaase (mohlala, TV/inthanete ea cable ea bolulo).

  • Tlhokomelo ea video ea nako e khuts'oane (CCTV) kapa litsamaiso tsa khale.

  • Marangrang a Hybrid fiber-coaxial (HFC) (a tloaelehileng ho li-ISP tsa cable).

Mekhoa ea Nakong e Tlang

• Optic ea faebaHo amoheloa ha 5G ho ntse ho potlaka bakeng sa lits'ebeletso tsa leru, le meralo ea motheo e bohlale.

• Likhoele tsa Coaxiale ntse e le ea bohlokoa bakeng sa marang-rang a HFC le litsamaiso tsa khale empa butle-butle li ntse li felisoa molemong oa fiber.

Qetello:
Likhoele tsa optic tsa fiber li ipabola ka lebelo, sebaka le botšepehi, e leng se etsang hore li be ntle bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa sejoale-joale tse batloang haholo. Likhoele tsa coaxial li theko e tlase bakeng sa litsamaiso tsa nako e khuts'oane, tsa khale, kapa tsa motsoako empa li thatafalloa ke meeli ea bandwidth le tšitiso. Khetho e itšetlehile ka tekanyetso ea hau ea lichelete, litlhoko tsa tekheniki le lipheo tsa ho hola.