• Ndidinga ukubeka phambili ukuqina kunye neempawu zokukhusela xa ndikhetha iintambo ze-fiber optic zangaphandle ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekileyo kwiindawo ezinzima.

• Ndifuna ukumisela iimfuno zam ze-bandwidth kunye neenjongo zenethiwekhi yexesha elide. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba ndikhetha intambo enokuhlangabezana kungekuphela nje neemfuno zam zangoku kunye nokwandiswa kwexesha elizayo.

• Ndifanele ndilinganise uhlobo lwentambo kunye nolwakhiwo lwayo kwindawo endifakela kuyo, ndicinge ngezinto ezifana nomhlaba, imozulu, kunye nokuba intambo iza kugqunywa, ibekwe emoyeni, okanye ifakwe kwiipayipi.

• Ukulandela imigangatho yomgangatho ongqongqo kunye neziqinisekiso kuqinisekisa ukuqikelelwa kwangaphambili, ukhuseleko, ukuthembeka, kunye nokuphila ixesha elide kuzo zonke izinto endizisebenzisayo kwifayibha yangaphandle.

• Ngokucwangciswa ngononophelo kokufakwa kunye nokugcinwa rhoqo, ndingayiphucula ixesha elide intambo zam ze-fiber optic. Le ndlela yokulungiselela ingasindisa imali ekuhambeni kwexesha.

• Ngokuhlola ngokupheleleyo iindleko zobunini—kuquka utyalo-mali lokuqala, ukufakelwa, kunye nokugcinwa okuqhubekayo—ndingayandisa kakhulu ixabiso lexesha elide lenethiwekhi yam ye-fiber optic.

Xa ndikhetha intambo ye-fiber optic yangaphandle, umyalelo wam wokuqala kukujonga umlinganiselo wejakethi yentambo esebenza kuyo, uyilo olungangeni manzi, kunye nokhuseleko lwe-UV. Iintambo zangaphandle zifuna iijakethi eziqinileyo ezifana ne-polyethylene ukuze zimelane nemvula kunye nemitha ye-UV.

Ekubeni ungafuni amanzi angene kwintambo yakho, qiniseka ukuba ukhetha intambo ye-fiber optic egcwele ijeli okanye ekhululekileyo. Ezinye iintambo zixhonywe ukuthintela umonakalo ovela kumatye nezidalwa ezinoboya.

Ungalibali ubungakanani—qiniseka ukuba ukhetha inani elichanekileyo le-spacer core ngokusekelwe kwimigca ekufuneka uyibale. Khangela i-bend radius kwaye ucinge ukuba uceba ukuyigquma intambo okanye ukuyiqhuba ngaphezu komhlaba.

Ndingumntu onamathelayo ekuqinisekiseni ukuba intambo iyahambelana nemigaqo yendawo kwaye ifanelekile ukufakwa kwimeko yemozulu yendawo yam. Kwintshayelelo elandelayo endiyithengileyo, ndiza kuchaza yonke into ngokulandelelana kwayo.

Ukuchonga iimfuno zakho kuya kukuvumela ukuba ukhethe intambo efanelekileyo yokufakela kwakho.

Yintoni echaza intambo yefayibha yangaphandle?

Ngokungafaniyo neentambo zangaphakathi, iintambo zefayibha zangaphandle ziphawulwa ngokwakhiwa okuhlala ixesha elide kunye noyilo oluqinileyo olufaneleke kakhulu kwiindawo ezinzima zeenkonzo. Ezi ntambo zisebenzisa iijakethi ezinkulu nezinamandla okumelana nefuthe ezifumaneka naphi na ukumelana nemozulu embi kakhulu, ukuvezwa yi-UV, kunye neendawo zamanzi eziphantse zagcwala.

Uninzi lweentambo zangaphandle zineemilo eziqinileyo zeeleya zangaphandle ezijijekileyo ezithintela amanzi, umhlaba, kunye nemitha ye-UV ukuba ingonakalisi umbindi ongaphakathi. Zahlukile kwiintambo zangaphakathi, zisebenzisa izinto ezithintela ukugqwala kwaye zibambe phantsi kweemeko ezinzima.

E-US, imigangatho efana ne-NEC Article 770 kunye ne-UL 1651 ilawula ukusasazeka komlilo kunye nomsi. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ngakumbi kwiindawo ezifana nee-risers kunye neendawo ze-plenum.

Ukwahlula izakhiwo zangaphakathi kunye nezangaphandle

Iintambo zangaphakathi zihlala zisebenzisa iijakethi ezithambileyo ezisebenza kakuhle ekumelaneni nothuli ngaphandle kwezinye izinto. Iintambo zangaphandle zisebenzisa iijakethi eziqinileyo ngakumbi, zisebenzisa izinto ezifana neLow Smoke Zero Halogen (LSZH) okanye iplastiki enzima.

Ezi zinokuvala amanzi kunye nokukhanya kwelanga amashumi eminyaka ngaphandle kokuwohloka. Iintambo zangaphakathi azidingi mgangatho ofanayo wokukhusela. Iintambo zangaphandle zihlala zineeleya ezongezelelweyo okanye kwanebhokisi ekhuselweyo yokukhusela umongo kwiigophe kunye neempembelelo.

Xa ulungisa iintambo zangaphandle, qinisekisa ukuba irediyasi yokugoba yeentambo iphindwe kalishumi ubuncinane ububanzi bentambo. Le ndlela yokukhusela iyayeka ukugoba kunye nokuqhekeka kwaye igcina isantya esiphezulu. Iintambo zangaphandle zenzelwe ukumelana neemeko ezigqithisileyo zangaphandle kwaye zinomthamo ophezulu wokuthwala idatha kumgama omde.

Enyanisweni, ifayibha ilahlekelwa ngamandla yi-3% kuphela ngaphezulu kweenyawo ezingama-328 okanye iimitha ezili-100.

Izinto Eziphambili Zokwakha Zichaziwe

Umbindi wefayibha kulapho imiqondiso yokukhanya idluliselwa khona. Okukhona umbindi umkhulu, kokukhona idatha eninzi ikwazi ukuyithutha ngexesha elinye. Umbambo lulwaleko lwesibini olujikeleza umbindi, ukuqinisekisa ukuba konke ukukhanya kuhlala ngaphakathi kwaye kwandisa isignali.

Ijakethi yangaphandle iqinile, ityebile, kwaye iqinile ngokwaneleyo ukuba ingangeni emanzini, ukungcola, kunye nezilwanyana ezikhathazayo. Iijakethi ze-LSZH zibonelela ngokhuseleko olongezelelweyo emlilweni ngokunciphisa umsi kunye nomsi.

Kutheni Ukuqina Kungenakuxoxiswana

Ulwakhiwo oluqinileyo luthetha ukuba kukho ukubiza iinkonzo ezimbalwa kunye namathuba aphantsi okulahleka kwesiginali ngenxa yokothuka kwendalo. Iijakethi ezinzima, izixhobo zokuzikhusela, kunye nezinto ezimelana nomhlwa zandisa ubomi bentambo.

Ukukhetha iintambo ezimelana neendawo ezinzima kunye nokuguquguquka kuya kubangela ukonga imali ixesha elide ngelixa kugcina ukuhamba kwedatha yakho ebalulekileyo kungaphazanyiswa.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo zokukhetha iCable

Ukuze ufumane eyona ntambo ye-fiber optic yangaphandle ilungileyo, khangela ezi zinto zisixhenxe zibalulekileyo. Ezi zizinto ezibalulekileyo eziza kuchaphazela ukusebenza kunye nobude bexesha lenethiwekhi yakho.

Khetha intambo ehlangabezana neemfuno zakho zokudlulisa idatha. Cinga ngendawo oceba ukuyisebenzisa kuyo, kunye nokuba yintoni na amathuba akho okukhula. Imigangatho yabo yomgangatho iqinisekisa ukuba ufumana intambo edlula imigangatho efunekayo kushishino kwaye yenzelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zakho.

1. Chonga iimfuno zakho zeBandwidth

Okokuqala, cinga ngenani ledatha oceba ukuyidlulisela, namhlanje nakwixesha elizayo. Ukuba inethiwekhi yakho ineemfuno eziphezulu ze-bandwidth kwaye kufuneka idlulisele kumgama omde, khetha i-single-mode fiber (SMF).

Oko kulungile ekuhambiseni abantu ngokukhawuleza kumgama omde. Kwimigama emifutshane, masithi ngaphantsi kweenyawo ezingama-984, i-OM3 multimode fiber (MMF) ifanelekile. Iifayibha ezininzi kwintambo zithetha i-bandwidth engaphezulu.

Yahlula imicu yakho yefayibha ngokwenani lezixhobo okanye abasebenzisi oceba ukubaphakela. Ukuba awufuni ezo santya siphakathi kwaye injongo yakho elandelayo yi-40GbE okanye i-100GbE, ii-Active Optical Cables (AOCs) ziya kukusa apho.

2. Jonga imeko yoFakelo

Jonga indawo apho intambo iza kusebenza khona. Iinduli, umhlaba onamatye, okanye iimeko zemozulu ezifana nemvula enkulu okanye ubushushu obugqithisileyo zonke ezi zinto zinokuchaphazela uhlobo olufunayo.

Iindawo ezimanzi okanye iindawo ezinezilwanyana ezitya ezinye zifuna ukhuseleko olungqongqo ngakumbi. Ukuba awuyi kukwazi ukuphinda ufake kwakhona, khetha intambo eqinileyo ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye ingadingi ukulungiswa kakhulu.

3. Tshatisa Uhlobo lweCable neMiqathango

Khetha intambo efanelekileyo ngokwendlela oyifunayo yokufaka. Kwiipali eziqhotyoshelweyo, iintambo zomoya zisisombululo esisebenzayo nesisebenzisekayo.

Kwiindlela ezinzima kakhulu ezigqunywe ziingcingo, iintambo ezixhotyisiweyo zibonelela ngokhuseleko olongezelelekileyo. Iintambo zeribhoni zilungele xa ufuna inani elikhulu leentambo kwindawo enye.

Nangona ezinye iintambo zinokugoba ngaphandle kwengxaki konke konke, ezinye zinokubambelela kwiingozi ezityumkileyo okanye ezihlafunwayo.

Ukuhlola Iintlobo Ngeentlobo Zeentambo Zangaphandle

Iintambo ze-fiber optic zangaphandle zahlukile kakhulu, uhlobo ngalunye lunesicelo esicacileyo seemfuno ezithile. Ukukhetha intambo efanelekileyo yangaphandle kuya kuxhomekeka kakhulu apho uza kuzifaka khona. Cinga ngoxinzelelo eziza kuba phantsi kwalo xa zisetyenziswa.

Iintambo zeetyhubhu ezikhululekileyo zilungele phantse nakuphi na ukusetyenziswa ngaphandle kwaye zikhusela iintambo ekuchatshazelweni ngamanzi kunye nokugoba okukhulu. Iintambo zeRibhoni ezigcina indawo zincinci kwaye zithe tyaba. Olu phawu lubenza babe luncedo kakhulu kwiindawo ezikufutshane, ezinje ngamaziko edatha, afuna uxinano olukhulu lweentambo, kwindawo encinci.

Iintambo ezixhotyisiweyo zikhethekile, zinengaphandle elixineneyo lesinyithi elikhusela ingaphakathi lentambo ekulunyweni zizilwanyana okanye olunye uhlobo lokuxhatshazwa oluqatha. Iintambo zomoya, ezenzelwe ukuxhonywa phakathi kweepali zombane, kufuneka ziqine ngokwaneleyo ukumelana nomoya owonakalisayo nomkhenkce. Umzekelo, iintambo zokungcwaba ngqo zingena ngqo emhlabeni kwaye kufuneka zithintele amanzi nezinambuzane ukuba zingangeni.

Iintambo zemibhobho zenzelwe ukutyibilika kwiityhubhu zeplastiki okanye zesinyithi ukuze zikhuseleke ngakumbi. Nantsi ingqwalasela yeentlobo eziphambili zeentambo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo okubalaseleyo:

• Umbhobho Okhululekileyo: Ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngaphandle, kulungile emanzini kwaye kuthambile.

• Ixhotyisiwe: Ikhuselekile kakhulu, iindawo eziqinileyo, iindawo zeempuku.

• I-eriyeli: Iintambo ezixhonyiweyo, ukubaleka ixesha elide emoyeni, iindawo zemozulu.

• Iribhoni: Inani eliphezulu leefayibha, iindawo ezixineneyo, kulula ukuzifaka kwiqela.

• Ukungcwatywa ngokuthe ngqo: Iindawo ezingaphantsi komhlaba, ezimanzi okanye ezithandwa zizilwanyana.

• Intambo yeDuct: Ngaphakathi kombhobho, kulula ukutshintsha nokulungisa.

Xa ukhetha intambo yangaphandle engcono, uyonwabela umgangatho ophezulu wesiginali, unciphise iindleko, kwaye uthintele iingxaki zexesha elizayo. Ukhetho ngalunye luphenjelelwa zizinto ezifana nomgama, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, kunye nohlobo lwefayibha olufunekayo (i-singlemode okanye i-multimode).

Esinye isiqingatha seendleko sikwindlela ozifaka ngayo iintambo kwaye uzifakela phi. Izihlanganisi eziqinileyo, ezifana neentlobo ze-ST zemisebenzi ye-multimode, zisebenza ukugcina imigca izinzile.

Kutheni Ukuqina Kubalulekile Ngaphandle

Ngokwamava ethu, ukomelela akunakuxoxiswana ngako kwintambo ye-fiber optic yangaphandle. Phaya apho, iintambo zijongene nokuninzi okungaphezulu kokuhambisa idatha nje kuphela. Zichatshazelwa yimvula, lilanga, ngumoya, kwaye ewe, zigugile kangangeminyaka emininzi zisebenza.

Intambo eqinileyo inokusingatha ukungcangcazela, iindawo ezirhabaxa, kunye nezinto eziyingozi kwaye iqinisekise ukuba idatha yakho ihlala ikhuselekile. Oku kuyafana nakwizixeko ezikrelekrele, iinqaba ze-5G, kunye nezixhobo ze-IoT. Ngonxibelelwano olulinganiselweyo, uqhagamshelo oluphantsi lunokubangela iimeko zobomi okanye zokufa.

Zonke ezo bandwidth ziphezulu kunye neekhonkco ezikhawulezayo aziyi kubanceda nganto ukuba loo ntambo ayiqhubeki isebenza nokuba imvula okanye ilanga litshonile. Ukukhetha iintambo ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezilungiselelwe ukumelana neemeko zangaphandle ezinzima kuya kubangela ukuba ixesha lokungasebenzi linciphe kwaye kukubize kancinci ekuhambeni kwexesha.

Ukulwa Nemozulu Embi Kakhulu Ngokuphumelelayo

Iintambo zangaphandle kufuneka zilwe nelanga elitshisayo, iimvula ezinamanzi amaninzi, ikhephu nomkhenkce, kunye nezivuthuvuthu zentlango ezibambayo. Imitha ye-UV iyazitshabalalisa kakhulu iintambo ezibuthathaka ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ukufuma kungena ngaphantsi kwesingxobo kwaye kubangele umonakalo.

Iintambo ezisebenzisa iijakethi ezingangeni manzi kwaye zigqunywe ukuze zingangeni kwi-UV zihlala ixesha elide. Umzekelo, iintambo ezineejakethi ze-PE ezimnyama eziqinileyo zibonelela ngokumelana okuhle kwi-UV kunye nokufuma. Kwiindawo ezitshintsha kakhulu imozulu, njengeTexas okanye iChicago, khetha iintambo ezinejakethi ezimbini okanye iintambo ezilinganiselwe ukusetyenziswa kuyo yonke imozulu.

Ukuxhathisa Umonakalo Obangelwa Yimpembelelo Yomzimba

Ngaphandle, iintambo ziyagilwa, zigrunjwe, okanye zibethelwe zezinye izixhobo. Izinto ezihlala ixesha elide ezifana ne-steel tape armor okanye ii-crush sheaths zithintela ukuqhekeka. Ezi ntambo zixhonyiweyo ziyakhazimla kwiindawo ezinomsebenzi omkhulu wokugrumba.

Akunakwenzeka ukuba uzibone esitalatweni esixineneyo sesixeko okanye kwindawo enenqaba yeseli egcwele izixhobo. Iintambo ezingezozixhobo zilungele ngakumbi iipali okanye iindawo ezinomngcipheko omncinci wokonakala. Ukukhetha uhlobo olufaneleyo kukhusela imigca kwaye kugcina idatha.

Ukuqonda Izinto Ezibangela Ukuwohloka Kwezinto Ezibonakalayo

Phantse zonke iintambo zangaphandle ziquka izinto ezifana ne-polyethylene, intsimbi okanye i-Kevlar. Ilanga, amanzi, nomoya konke oku kunokubangela ukuba oku kubole. Sebenzisa iijakethi ezihlala ixesha elide nezisemgangathweni ophezulu kunye neejeli ezithintela amanzi.

Zombini zihlala ixesha elide kwaye zinciphisa isidingo sokulungiswa. Khangela amanqaku kwi-UV, amanzi, kunye nokumelana neempuku ukuze ubone ukuba intambo ifanelekile na kwindawo okuyo.

Impembelelo yokutshintsha kobushushu

Iziphene zokwenza izinto zinokudlala indima ekusebenzeni kweentambo. Xa kushushu kakhulu okanye kubanda, utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kubushushu lunokubangela ukuba iintambo zande kwaye zinciphe, nto leyo ebangela ukwaphuka koxinzelelo okunokubangela ukuba iintambo zehle ngokukhawuleza.

Iintambo ezineetyhubhu ezizaliswe yijeli okanye izakhiwo ezikhululekileyo ze-buffer ziyayilwa le ngxaki. Umzekelo, iintambo ezikwiMidwest. Ezi ntambo zinobushushu obusebenzayo obuphakathi kwe-40°F ne-158°F azigungqi.

Khetha iintambo ezinezinga eliphezulu lobushushu elifanelekileyo kwimozulu yakho.

Iindlela zoFakelo zithelekiswa

Ukugqiba ngeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yokufaka intambo ye-fiber optic yangaphandle kwisicelo sakho kufuna ukucingisiswa nokucingisiswa. Kuya kufuneka uhlolisise indawo, ucinge ngobungakanani bomsebenzi, kwaye ucinge ngeemfuno zexesha elizayo. Ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu bomsebenzi, uninzi lusebenzisa ukufakelwa okungaphezulu komhlaba okanye okungaphantsi komhlaba.

Ungazijonga ezi ndlela zisebenza kwiimeko zangempela zentsimi. Kutshanje, iqela lethu lifake iikhilomitha ezininzi zefayibha ukuze lidibanise iikliniki zonyango ezingama-20 kwaye ladibanisa ikhampasi yesikolo ukuze kufundiswe ngcono amakhulu abafundi nootitshala. Ekubeni indlela nganye ineemfuno ezithile ezifanelekileyo, iindleko kunye nokugcinwa, indlela oyikhethayo imisela ukuba yonke into iza kusebenza kakuhle kangakanani na ekuhambeni kwexesha.

Iingenelo zokusasazwa ngaphezulu komhlaba

Ukufakelwa ngaphezulu komhlaba, njengeentambo zomoya ezikwiipali zentsimbi, zezona zilula kwaye kulula ukuzifaka ukuze zifikeleleke ngokukhawuleza. Oku kuvumela amaqela ukuba abone kwaye afikelele kwimigca ewileyo ngokukhawuleza ukuze ilungiswe okanye ihlolwe, nto leyo enciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi nangakumbi.

Nokuba injongo kukugqiba iiprojekthi ngebhajethi encinci okanye ngeshedyuli encinci, olu khetho lugcina izixhobo. Eminye imisebenzi yendlela yorhwebo isebenzisa imigca ye-airline ukonga kwiindleko zokufakela. Le ndlela ineenzuzo ezongezelelweyo zokufumana i-broadband ekhawulezayo kwi-intanethi ngokukhawuleza.

Nangona kunjalo, umoya ovulekileyo uzibeka emngciphekweni omkhulu. Izinto ezibangela imozulu, i-UV kunye neentaka zonke zinokutshabalalisa iintambo ngokuhamba kwexesha, kodwa iintambo ezixhotyisiweyo zibonelela ngokhuseleko olongezelelweyo. Imisebenzi kwiindawo ezivulekileyo okanye kwiindawo apho sele kufakwe khona iipali ezininzi ifanelekile kwiindawo ezibaleka ngaphezulu komhlaba.

Izinto Ezifihlakeleyo Nezingcwabo

Imisebenzi yangaphantsi komhlaba ifuna ucwangciso olungaphezulu. Ukuqinisekisa ubunzulu bokungcwaba obufanelekileyo kunye nerisithi yesingxobo kuyakuthintela ukudibana kakhulu namanzi, iimpuku, okanye ukuhamba kwamanzi amaninzi orhwebo.

Iintambo zeetyhubhu ezikhululekileyo kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zezixhobo zilungele apha, zinezixhobo zangaphandle eziqinileyo zokuzikhusela kwimithi yegranite kunye ne-gum. Iintambo zokungcwaba ezithe ngqo zikuvumela ukuba usebenzise imigca emitsha ngaphandle kokufuna ii-ducts okanye ii-conduit ezongezelelweyo ukuze zifakwe. Olu phawu lufanelekile kwiindawo ezisebenzayo okanye xa ukungena nzulu kungenakwenzeka.

Amacebiso: hlala ubhala imephu yomhlaba kuqala, jonga imithetho yendawo, kwaye usebenzise iteyiphu yokulumkisa ngaphezulu kwemigca egqunyiweyo ukuze uyeke ukumba kwixesha elizayo.

Ukukhetha Indlela Ngokusekelwe Kwindawo

Inyaniso esisiseko yinyaniso esisiseko. Umhlaba ulawula kakhulu. Iindawo ezine-substrate enamatye okanye erhabaxa zinokufuna iintambo ezixhonyiweyo ezine-ARMOR-LINK cousins ​​ezimelana nokutsala ngamandla aphantsi.

Indawo efumileyo okanye enamanzi amaninzi ifuna iintambo ezivalekileyo nezingenamanzi. Iindawo ezithambekileyo okanye ezikwi-agrivoltaic zinokufuna i-hybrid—ezinye zibekwe emoyeni, ezinye zingaphantsi komhlaba. Imithetho yasekuhlaleni inokumisela ubunzulu bomgca okanye ifune isigqubuthelo esikhuselayo.

Inyani yile yokuba uza kuchitha ixesha elingaphezulu kwama-80% ukhangela indlela yokusebenza ngomhlaba. Ukutsala umhlaba kuya kuhamba ngokukhawuleza kakhulu.

Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokufakela kunye neenzuzo:

• I-Aerial (Ngaphezulu Komhlaba): Ukufakela ngokukhawuleza, kulula ukuyilungisa, ixabiso liphantsi kwangaphambili. Ilungele iindawo ezixakekileyo, ikhusela iintambo, izixhobo azifuneki kakhulu.

• I-Doduit (kwi-Conduit): Ukhuseleko ekuqhekekeni nasemanzini, kulula ukutshintsha imicu endleleni. Ixhotyisiwe: Ilwa neempuku, amatye, kunye nokutsalwa ngamandla amakhulu.

• Ipakisha iifayibha ezininzi ziqinile, zilungele imisebenzi emikhulu kunye nokudibanisa ngobuninzi.

Ukuhlalutya Izinto Ezibalulekileyo Ngeendleko

Okungcono nangakumbi, xa ndicebisana ngeeprojekthi zekhebula le-fiber optic yangaphandle, ndihlalutya zonke izinto ezixabisayo ngaphambi kokuba ndithathe isigqibo malunga nendlela eya phambili. Izinto ezixabisayo zidlula iindleko zekhebula ngokwalo. Ndicinga ngohlobo lwefayibha, inani eliphambili, kunye nesixhumi, kunye nokufakelwa kunye nokhathalelo lwexesha elide.

Ukukhethwa kweentambo ze-fiber optic xa kuthelekiswa neze-copper kuya kuchaphazela iindleko zangaphambili kunye neendleko zexesha elide. Yiyo loo nto ndifana nomvangeli kwezi ndlela kuba zisebenzela mna ngokwam nakwishishini lam. Iintambo ze-fiber optic ezifana ne-OS1, OS2, OM1, OM2, OM3, kunye ne-OM4 zahluka kakhulu ngexabiso.

La maxabiso abonisa ukusebenza kwazo okuphezulu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo kobunewunewu obuphezulu. Iintambo zefayibha zinokuthumela idatha ngesantya esifikelela kwi-100 Gbps, ngelixa iintambo zekopolo zihlala zilinganiselwe kwi-10 Gbps. Ndixelelwe ukuba malunga ne-80% yeendleko zeprojekthi zizonke ziya kwiintambo ngokwazo. Ezo zinto zizonke zeendleko zezona zizathu zokuba ukukhetha uhlobo olufanelekileyo kubalulekile!

Iindleko zokuqala zeCable kunye neHardware

Ixabiso lesitikha kwiintambo ze-fiber optic zangaphandle lidla ngokuba yi-invoyisi eninzi. Ndiyaqinisekisa ukuba ndifuna i-single-mode okanye i-multi-mode, zingaphi ii-cores endizifunayo, kunye nokuba zeziphi izihlanganisi ezihambelana noyilo lwam. Iindleko ziyaqhubeka nokuqokelelana kwizixhobo ezibonakalayo ezifana neepaneli ze-patch, ii-enclosures, kunye nee-adapters.

Iijakethi ezirhabaxa, ukhuselo lwe-UV, kunye nezinye izinto zinokunyusa iindleko. Zinexabiso elikhulu malunga nokuzonwabisa kwangaphandle. Ngokudibanisa iinkcukacha zekhebula neemfuno zenethiwekhi yam, ndiyakwazi ukuba nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olusebenzayo nolufikelelekayo.

Ndithenga ngobuninzi xa ndikwazi kwaye ndizama ukungahlawuli kakhulu izinto endingazisebenzisiyo.

Iintlawulo zokufakelwa kwabasebenzi kunye nezixhobo

Eyona nxalenye inkulu yeendleko Umsebenzi wefayibha yinto enkulu ekubekeni ifayibha. Ukumba imisele, ukutsala iintambo zefayibha, kunye nokusebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ezifana nee-fusion splicers kongeza umaleko weendleko. Ukuba umhlaba unzima okanye kukho ukujika okuninzi, iiyure zomsebenzi wokwakha ziyanda.

Ndicwangcisa indlela yokuphepha iindawo ezinzima, ndisebenzise amaqela asekuhlaleni nezixhobo zawo, kwaye ndiqesha izixhobo kuphela xa kuyimfuneko. Le ndlela yokuthintela yenza kube nokwenzeka ukugcina iindleko ngaphandle kokunciphisa umgangatho womsebenzi.

Iimfuno zoHlahlo-lwabiwo mali oluqhubekayo

Emva kokufakwa, ifayibha yangaphandle ifuna uhlolo oluqhelekileyo kunye nokugcinwa kwayo. Imisebenzi eqhelekileyo kukujonga ukugqwala, ukuqinisekisa uzinzo loqhagamshelo, kunye nokujonga ukuqhekeka kwemigca. Xa zizonke, la manyathelo athintela iingxaki ezincinci ezivelayo ekubeni zingabonakali kakuhle.

Ndibeka bucala imali yam yobuqu minyaka le ukuze ndenze lo msebenzi. Ukuba neshedyuli ehambelanayo kundivumela ukuba ndinciphise iindleko kancinci kancinci kwaye ndenze inkonzo yam ithembeke ngakumbi.

Ukubala Ixabiso Lexesha Elide

Iintambo ze-fiber optic ezisemgangathweni zilutyalo-mali olubuyisela inzala. Zinciphisa isidingo sokugcinwa, zilungele ngcono isantya esiphezulu kunye neemeko zemozulu ezimbi kakhulu, kwaye zihlala ixesha elide. Ukulungiswa okuncinci, ixesha lokungasebenzi elincinci - konke oku kuphumela kwixabiso elingakumbi kuhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwam olulinganiselweyo.

Ndizama ukuba nobulumko ngembuyekezo. Ndijonga ixabiso eliphambili xa lithelekiswa neminyaka emininzi yokusebenza kakuhle kunye nobunzima obuphantsi obuziswa yiyo ixesha elide.

Iindlela ezilungileyo zokuphumelela ekufakeni

Ukufaka iintambo ze-fiber optic zangaphandle ngendlela eyiyo kuqala ngokucwangcisa kakuhle kunye nokucingisisa ngexesha lokufakwa. Vavanya ipropati kwaye unamathele kwizikhokelo ezimiselweyo. Ngokwenza njalo, awunciphisi nje kuphela amathuba okuba kwenzeke iimpazamo, kodwa unika amava amnandi kwinethiwekhi.

Isicwangciso esineenkcukacha, uqeqesho olupheleleyo, kunye nokusetyenziswa ngononophelo kukhokelela kwiingxaki ezimbalwa kwixesha elifutshane nelide. Ngexesha lokufakwa, iinkcukacha ezincinci—ukusuka ekuxinaniseni iintambo ukuya ekutywinweni kwamalungu—ezidibene namanyathelo amakhulu omfanekiso zikhokelela kwinkqubo eqinileyo nehlala ixesha elide.

Ukuhlolwa Kwendawo Ngaphambi Kokufakwa

Ukujonga indawo ngaphambi kokuba uphume apho kwenza umahluko omkhulu. Jonga umhlaba kwaye uqwalasele umgama phakathi kweempawu ezibalulekileyo. Chonga indlela eza kuthathwa yintambo, nokuba kusezindongeni okanye kwiindlela ezingaphantsi komhlaba.

Isivumelwano se-FMUSER ne-Reliance Industries sibavumele ukuba bamisele ukuba kufuneka intambo engakanani ukuze idlule ubude obufunekayo. Baye babala ngakumbi iimfuno zenethiwekhi zexesha elide. Uluhlu lokukhangela lunceda: ukuhlola indlela, ukubona naziphi na iindawo ezigobileyo, ukujonga iingozi zamanzi, kunye nokubhala zonke izixhobo ezifunekayo.

Ukulandela la maqhinga mahlanu kukuvumela ukuba ukhethe intambo efanelekileyo, efana ne-SMF-28e+ yokufakela ixesha elide ngaphandle kokonakala okukhulu kwesiginali.

Ukuphatha Intambo Ngononophelo Ngalo Lonke Ixesha

Lumka intambo yesigcina-ntloko sakho kwaye iya kukunceda iminyaka emininzi ezayo. Ukugoba ngaphambi kwexesha okanye ukutsala kakhulu kuya konakalisa okanye kwaphule ifayibha. Iqela le-FMUSER liqeqeshe abanye, njengabasebenzi be-IT be-USP, ukuba baphathe iintambo ngokuchanekileyo baze balungise iingxaki kamva.

Khulula ngononophelo ii-intshi ezimbalwa zejakethi yekhebula. Oku kuya kukunika ithuba lokuncamathisela intambo ye-aramid kwintambo yokutsala, uyibambe iqine ngelixa uyitsala. Amanyathelo afanelekileyo aqinisekisa ukuba intambo ihlala isempilweni kwaye isebenza iminyaka ezayo.

Ukuqinisekisa Uxinzelelo Olufanelekileyo kunye neRadius egobileyo

Uxinzelelo olufanelekileyo kunye nerediyasi yokugoba zibaluleke kakhulu. Musa ukungayisebenzisi kakhulu apha! Uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo okanye ii-acute engile zonakalisa ukuhanjiswa kwesignali, okunokufikelela kwi-100 Gbps ngeentambo ze-fiber optic.

Umzekelo, bhala phantsi uxinzelelo kwaye ungaze uyityeshele imigaqo yomenzi wokuqala—linganisa ukugoba kwaye ujonge uxinzelelo kuyo yonke inkqubo. Amaqela ajonga oku ngenkuthalo enza umsebenzi omninzi ekwandiseni ubomi bentambo.

Ukudibanisa Izinto Ezichasene Nezinto

Iintambo zangaphandle zichaphazeleka lilanga, yimvula, kwaye zinothuli. Ukuvalwa ngokufanelekileyo kuthintela ukungena kwamanzi okanye komhlaba okunokuthintela ukusebenza ngesantya esiphezulu kwaye kukhokelele ekungasebenzini. Khetha izihlangu ezimelana nemozulu, uqhagamshelo olungenazitephu, okanye iindawo ezizaliswe yijeli kuzo zombini iziphelo.

Iikiti ezipheleleyo ze-FMUSER ziquka izitywino ezichanekileyo kunye nezinye izinto ezifunekayo. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokucoca okukhuselekileyo nokufanelekileyo kunye nokuthambisa izihlanganisi kunceda ukuthintela ukungaphumeleli okuyingozi nokuthatha ixesha.

Ukugcina Impilo Yekhebula Ixesha Elide

Ukugcina iintambo ze-fiber optic zangaphandle ixesha elide kukhusela utyalo-mali lwakho kwaye kubiza kancinci kunokufaka kube kanye. Uza kufuna icebo elijongana nokugcinwa rhoqo, ukulungiswa okuncinci, kunye nokulungiswa okukhulu okanye ukutshintshwa.

Ukuba iintambo zefayibha azithwali umbane okanye azifumani i-EMI, ufumana uxolo lwengqondo, kodwa ukhathalelo oluqhelekileyo lugcina ukulahleka kwesignali kulawulwa kwaye lunceda ekufumaneni iingxaki kwangethuba. I-fiber yemowudi enye ilahlekelwa yi-0.11 dB kuphela ngeenyawo ezingama-328 kwi-1310 nm ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwesignali kakuhle kumgama omde. Olu phuculo luphawu olumangalisayo kunobhedu, oluphantse lulahlekelwe yisignali yalo kumgama ofanayo.

Iishedyuli zoHlolo oluQhelekileyo zibalulekile

Sebenzisa ishedyuli yokuhlolwa eqikelelweyo kwiintambo zakho zomda. Nika ingqalelo ekugugulekeni kwejakethi, ukugoba, izihlanganisi ezikhululekileyo, okanye ezinye iimpawu zokungena kwamanzi.

Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kabini ngonyaka kubavumela ukuba babone iingxaki ezinokubakho xa zisencinci. Uluhlu lwakho lokuhlola lungabandakanya: ukujonga ijakethi yekhebula ukuba ayinazo iintanda, ukuvavanya ukulahleka kwesiginali nge-OTDR, ukuqinisekisa ukuba uqhagamshelo luqinile, kunye nokujonga izibiyeli ukuba azinamhlwa okanye umonakalo.

Ezi zilumkiso zisebenza kakhulu ekugcineni impilo yenkqubo ixesha elide kwaye zinciphise iimfuno zokulungiswa ezingalindelekanga.

Iingxaki zeCable zangaphandle eziqhelekileyo

Usenokubona imingxunya ethile kwijakethi, ukukruna izilwanyana, okanye ubungqina bokuwohloka kwe-UV. Mhlawumbi amanzi angene kwindawo evulekileyo okanye intambo yaqhekeka ngexesha lesiphango.

Ezi meko zihlala ziqala ngenxa yemozulu embi, umonakalo wempuku, okanye ukungoneli kwentambo. Ukuba nekhithi enezihlanganisi ezongezelelweyo, izixhobo zokucoca kunye neteyiphu ekhusela imozulu kukuvumela ukuba ulungise izinto ngokukhawuleza.

Amaqhinga Okunciphisa Ingxaki Ngokucothayo

Kwiintambo ezifuna ukuxhathisa umlilo ngakumbi, sebenzisa iijakethi ze-LSZH, kwaye ukhethe iindlela zentambo ezithintela ukuvezwa kwiikhemikhali ezirhabaxa okanye ubushushu obugqithisileyo.

De zibe zifakiwe, gcina iintambo kwiireyile zebarger kwiindawo ezigqunyiweyo, ezomileyo zeenkomo okanye kwezinye iindawo ezikhuselekileyo. Beka imiqondiso yokulumkisa xa kufanelekile, kwaye usebenzise ii-AOC kwiindawo ezinezithuthi ezininzi ukuze ugcine isantya esiphezulu kwaye unciphise ukuwohloka kwesignali.

Ukuqikelela Ubude Bobomi BeCable Ebonakalayo

Akuyomfihlo ukuba ifayibha yangaphandle inokuhlala iminyaka engama-20 nangaphezulu ukuba igcinwe kakuhle. Lumka kwiimeko zemozulu zasekuhlaleni, iimeko zomhlaba, kunye nokuba ulele kangakanani okanye umgama ongakanani oxhoma intambo.

Qinisekisa ukuba uphuculo lwexesha elide lunokwenzeka ngokujonga ubudala beentambo kunye nokugcina uluhlu lwazo zonke izinto ezilungisiweyo ezenziweyo.

Isiphelo

Ukukhetha intambo ye-fiber optic yangaphandle engcono kunempembelelo ebonakalayo ekusebenzeni kwemihla ngemihla. Intambo esemgangathweni iya kukwazi ukumelana neemvula ezinkulu, ukuvezwa lilanga elipheleleyo, imimoya enamandla, kwanokungcola ngokulula. Intambo eqinileyo iyanciphisa iimpazamo kwaye inceda ukonwaba ngaphandle okanye umsebenzi uqhubeke ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Ukuchitha ixesha elininzi kwiintambo eziqinileyo kuqala kuhlawula iindleko kunye nomgudu ngakumbi. Ndikhangela iimveliso ezineeleya zokuthintela amanzi, iijakethi zangaphandle ezinzima kunye neefayibha ezinzima. Kwiindawo zokuhlala, usetyenziso lwezolimo, okanye ukuhamba emoyeni ezidolophini, indawo nganye inemingeni yayo eyahlukileyo. Khawucinge ngezitalato zesixeko ezixineneyo okanye iithafa ezinkulu. Indlela yam zizixhobo ezilula, amanyathelo alula kunye nokufakwa okucocekileyo. Ukuhlolwa kweentambo kuthintela ukuguguleka ngaphambi kokuba kuphele. Ukuba unqwenela ukuhambelana kwaye unqwenela iintloko ezincinci kufakelo lwakho, khetha iimpawu ezivunyiweyo kunye nokugcinwa okukrelekrele. Ukuba unemibuzo, sineempendulo. Nxibelelana nathi kwaye masithethe ngento oyifunayo.

Imibuzo ebuzwa qho

Yintoni eyenza intambo ye-fiber optic ifaneleke ukusetyenziswa ngaphandle?

Ezi ntambo ze-fiber optic ezilinganiswe ngaphandle zineejakethi ezimbini, iiteyiphu kunye nee-ripcords ezithintela amanzi, kunye neempawu zokumelana ne-UV. Ezi zinto zoyilo zikhusela intambo ekungeneni komswakama, ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, kunye nokuguquguquka kobushushu, zibonelela ngokusebenza okuthembekileyo kwiindawo zangaphandle.

Ndingazi njani ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwentambo yefayibha yangaphandle ekufuneka ndilukhethe?

Khetha ngokwendawo ofakela kuyo. Iintambo zokungcwaba ezithe ngqo zinokumelana kwangaphakathi komhlaba onzima kunye nokufuma. Iintambo zomoya ziyamelana neemeko zokusingqongileyo ezifana nomoya kunye nemozulu. Iintambo zombhobho zilungele ukuqhutywa kwi-conduit. Cinga ngemeko yofakelo. Soloko ukhetha intambo efanelana kakuhle nendawo ofakela kuyo.

Kutheni ukuqina kweentambo kubalulekile ekufakelweni ngaphandle?

Iintambo zangaphandle eziqinileyo nezikhuselekileyo zikhusela kwimozulu embi kakhulu, izilwanyana zasendle kunye neempuku, kunye nomonakalo we-UV kunye nokugruzuka komzimba. Konke oku kubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kunye nexesha elincinci lokungasebenzi, nto leyo ekongela ixesha nemali ekuhambeni kwexesha.

Yeyiphi indlela yokufakela efanelekileyo kwintambo ye-fiber optic yangaphandle?

Ukungcwaba ngqo yeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokufaka ifayibha emhlabeni ovulekileyo. Ukusebenzisa umbhobho kungaba lolunye ungqimba lokhuseleko, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezinabantu abaninzi. Ukufakelwa emoyeni kulungele iipali ezibanzi. Khetha indlela yokufaka efanelekileyo kakhulu kulungiselelo lwesiza sakho kunye neengozi.

Ixabiso lentambo yefayibha yangaphandle lithelekiswa njani nentambo yangaphakathi?

Iintambo zangaphandle ziya kubiza kakhulu ngenxa yolwakhiwo oluqinileyo kunye neempawu zokukhusela. Utyalo-mali olongezelelweyo luyayimisa imfuneko yokulungiswa kunye nokucima ekugqibeleni, nto leyo enika ixabiso elikhulu lexesha elide.

Ngawaphi amacebiso abalulekileyo okulungisa iintambo zefayibha zangaphandle?

Hlola iintambo rhoqo ukuba azinakonakala okanye ziyaguga, hlala ucoca izihlanganisi, kwaye uvale kakuhle ukuze ungagqwali. Lungisa ngexesha elifanelekileyo xa into ingahambi kakuhle, yitsibele kwaye uyilungise ukuze ungaboli isignali kunye nokungaqhubi kakuhle okubizayo.

Ndingayandisa njani ixesha lokuphila kwentambo yam ye-fiber optic yangaphandle?

Faka usebenzisa izixhobo ezisemgangathweni, iindlela zokufakela ezilungileyo, kunye nokuhlolwa rhoqo engqondweni. Amanyathelo okukhusela afana nombhobho kunye nokufakwa kwesiseko esifanelekileyo kuncedisa ekuphuculeni ubude bexesha leentambo.