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Uhlalutyo olupheleleyo lwe-G.657.A1, G.657.A2 kunye ne-G.657.B3

2026-07-13

Ngokusetyenziswa okukhulu kwe-FTTH Fiber eKhaya, amaziko edatha e-AI computing, i-5G fronthaul, i-indoor comprehensive wiring, i-FPV drone miniature communication kunye nokwakhiwa kohlaziyo lwangoku olubuthathaka kwihlabathi liphela, i-G.652D single-mode fiber yendabuko ihlushwa kukulahleka okukhulu kokugoba kunye nendawo encinci yocingo, nto leyo ethintela kakhulu ulwakhiwo lweenethiwekhi zonxibelelwano ze-optical ezikhawulezayo. Yenziwe yi-ITU-T, i-G.657 series bend-insensitive single-mode fiber yenzelwe ngokukodwa iikona ezijijekileyo, i-dense wiring kunye ne-micro-pipeline. Amanqanaba amathathu emveliso ephambili, i-G.657.A1 standard bend-resistant fiber, i-G.657.A2 ephuculweyo bend-resistant fiber kunye ne-G.657.B3 ultra-bend-insensitive fiber, isebenzisa iiprofayili ze-refractive index ezincediswa yi-trench-assisted refractive index, kwaye ibonisa umahluko olinganisiweyo kwi-minimum bending radius, i-mode field diameter kunye nokusebenza kwe-attenuation. Zigubungela iimfuno zemeko epheleleyo ukusuka kwi-wiring yasekhaya engabizi kakhulu ukuya kwi-ultra-compact special wiring.

G.657A1vsG657A2vsG657B3.jpg

1. Inkqubo eQhelekileyo ye-ITU-T G.657: I-Core Technical Logic yeCandelo A kunye neCandelo B Fibers

Inguqulelo yamva nje ye-ITU-T G.657 ihlela iifayibha zemowudi enye ezingenakuvakalelwa kukugoba-ukulahlekelwa-yintsholongwane zibe ngamasebe amabini amakhulu: Udidi A (iifayibha zokuqala ezihambelanayo) kunye nodidi B (iifayibha ezinganyangekiyo kukugoba kakhulu). Injongo ephambili yoyilo kukucinezela ukulahleka kokugoba okukhulu kunye nokulahleka kokugoba okubangelwa kukuvuza kwemitha yesignali ye-optical emva kokugoba kwefayibha.

1.1 Indlela yokulahlekelwa yiFiber Bending

Ifayibha yemowudi enye eqhelekileyo inomda wokukhanya obuthathaka embindini. Nje ukuba igobile, iindlela ezikhokelwayo ziguqulwa zibe ziindlela zokukhanya, kwaye amandla okukhanya agqitha i-cladding ukuze enze i-attenuation eyongezelelweyo. Emva kokugoba kaninzi kwimibhobho emincinci, ilahleko eqokelelweyo iya kukhokelela ekuqhawukeni kwe-broadband, ukulahleka kwepakethi kwiikhonkco zothumelo olukhawulezayo lwe-10G/40G, ukushukuma kwesignali yevidiyo kunye nezinye iingxaki ezinkulu zonxibelelwano. Zonke iifayibha ze-G.657 zamkela isakhiwo se-refractive index esincediswa yi-trench: umsele we-annular low-refractive-index wongezwa phakathi kwe-core kunye ne-outer cladding ukwakha umqobo we-photon confinement onciphisa kakhulu ukuvuza kwamandla okukhanya phantsi kweemeko zokugoba. Okwangoku, zigcina ukusebenza kothumelo oluphantsi kwamanzi kunye nokusebenza kwe-full-band, zixhasa uthumelo oluhambelanayo lwe-GPON, 10G EPON, CWDM kunye neenkqubo ze-DWDM kuyo yonke i-O/S/C/L communication band (1260–1625 nm).

1.2 Ukubekwa kweeFibers zodidi A (G.657.A1 kunye noG.657.A2)

Iidayamitha zentsimi yemo ye-feature mode ye-G.657.A1 kunye ne-G.657.A2 (MFD) zisondele kwifayibha yemowudi enye eqhelekileyo ye-G.652D, ukusuka kwi-8.6 μm ukuya kwi-9.5 μm kwi-1310 nm. Ukulahleka kwe-Bidirectional fusion splicing ngezixhobo zonxibelelwano ezikhoyo, ii-fusion splicers, ii-optical modules kunye ne-optical splitters kulawulwa ngaphantsi kwe-0.1 dB. Akukho mfuneko yokutshintshwa kwezixhobo zokwakha ezikhoyo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zilungele ukuhlaziywa kwenethiwekhi endala kunye neeprojekthi ezinkulu ze-civil broadband FTTH ezilinganisela ukuhambelana kunye nokumelana nokugoba okulinganisiweyo.

1.3 Ukubekwa kweFayibha yodidi B (G.657.B3)

I-G.657.B3 isebenzisa izakhiwo zemisele ezinzulu nezibanzi ezineeleya ezininzi ukuze inciphise ngakumbi ububanzi bentsimi yendlela kwaye ifezekise ukuvalelwa kwentsimi yokukhanya okunamandla kumgca wemveliso ye-G.657 yonke, kunye nerediyasi encinci yokugoba engaphantsi kwe-5 mm. Iyakwazi ukuziqhelanisa ne-micro-trunking encinci engena-buffer, i-wiring yangaphakathi yeerobhothi, ukujija okucolekileyo ngaphakathi kweedrone ze-FPV, kunye nee-jumpers ezixineneyo zeekhabhinethi zeseva ezinoxinano oluphezulu. Utshintshiselwano luhambelana kancinci ne-fusion matching ne-G.652D fiber endala xa kuthelekiswa neefayibha zeCandelo A; abakhi kufuneka balungise iiparameter zokukhupha i-fusion ukulawula ilahleko engaphezulu ngexesha lokufakwa.

2. Uthelekiso oluthe tye lweeParamitha zobuGcisa eziPhambili zeG.657.A1, G.657.A2 kunye neG.657.B3

I-radius egobileyo kunye nokulahleka kwe-macro-gonding zezona zibonakaliso zibalulekileyo zokwahlula kwiindidi ezintathu zefayibha. Ngokwemigangatho yovavanyo lwe-ITU-T, yonke idatha yokulahleka ilinganiswa ngeluphu enye ejikelezwe kwisilinda yeradius echaziweyo, kunye nefestile ye-1550 nm njengomlinganiselo wokuhanjiswa kwenkonzo ye-broadband.

2.1 Iiparameter zokuxhathisa ukugoba kweBenchmark

  1. Ifayibha eQhelekileyo eMelana nokugoba ye-G.657.A1
    Ubuncinane beradiyo yokugoba evumelekileyo: 10 mm; ilahleko eyongezelelweyo yokugoba kwe-macro ≤0.75 dB kwiluphu enye ye-10 mm kwi-1550 nm, ≤1.5 dB kwi-1625 nm.
    Ifanelekile kwiikona zodonga ezisemgangathweni ze-90°, imibhobho yesiqhelo ye-PVC engenamandla kunye neentambo ngaphakathi kweebhokisi ze-corridor splitter, ezinokunyamezelana okuphakathi kokusebenza kokugoba.
  2. Ifayibha Engaguqukiyo ye-G.657.A2
    Ubuncinane beradiyo yokugoba evumelekileyo: 7.5 mm; ilahleko eyongezelelweyo yokugoba kwe-macro ≤0.5 dB kwiluphu enye ye-7.5 mm kwi-1550 nm, ≤1.0 dB kwi-1625 nm.
    Ukumelana nokugoba kuphuculwe ngama-40% xa kuthelekiswa ne-G.657.A1. Iye yaba yifayibha eqhelekileyo eqhelekileyo yeentambo ze-FTTH ezithontsizayo kwihlabathi liphela, ekwaziyo ukudlula ngokulula imingxunya yokungena eludongeni emxinwa kunye neeringi zolawulo lweentambo zekhabhinethi ezixineneyo.
  3. I-G.657.B3 Ultra-Bend-Insensitive Special Fiber ye-G.657.B3
    Ubuncinane beradiyo yokugoba evumelekileyo: 5 mm; ilahleko eyongezelelweyo yokugoba kwe-macro ≤0.5 dB kwiluphu enye ye-5 mm kwi-1550 nm, ≤1.0 dB kwi-1625 nm.
    Inika ukusebenza okuphezulu kokugoba kulo lonke uthotho lwe-G.657, inyamezela ukugoba okuqinileyo okuphindaphindiweyo, ukugoba okubukhali kwe-engile yasekunene kunye noyilo oluxineneyo ngaphakathi kwee-micro-pipes ngaphandle kokulahleka kokugoba okuqokelelweyo.

2.2 Iiparamitha zokuNciphisa i-Optical Optical

Zonke ezi ntlobo zintathu ziifayibha ezifikelela kwincopho ephantsi kwamanzi ezisusa incopho yokuncitshiswa kokufunxwa kwamanzi eyi-1383 nm, kunye nemigangatho yokuncitshiswa kwebhendi epheleleyo edibeneyo kwaye akukho zingxaki kumgama ophezulu wokudluliselwa:
  • Ukunciphisa okuphezulu kwifestile ye-1310 nm: ≤0.35 dB/km
  • Ukunciphisa okuphezulu kwifestile yencopho yamanzi eyi-1383 nm: ≤0.35 dB/km
  • Ukunciphisa okuphezulu kwifestile ye-1490 nm: ≤0.24 dB/km
  • Ukunciphisa okuphezulu kwifestile ye-1550 nm: ≤0.20 dB/km
  • Ukunciphisa okuphezulu kwifestile ye-1625 nm: ≤0.23 dB/km
    Ububanzi obufanayo be-cladding obuyi-125 μm, impazamo ye-core-cladding concentricity ≤0.5 μm, uxinzelelo lwe-screening ≥0.69 GPa, kunye namandla aneleyo okutsalwa ukuze kumelwane nokutsalwa ngexesha lokuhambisa imibhobho yangaphandle nangaphakathi. Ii-coefficients ze-Ultra-low polarization mode dispersion (PMD) zixhasa ukuhanjiswa okuzinzileyo kwesantya esiphezulu se-10G, 40G kunye ne-100G optical links.

2.3 Ukuhambelana kwe-Fusion Splicing kunye nokuguquguquka kolwakhiwo

  1. G.657.A1: Ihambelana ngokupheleleyo neG.652D; akukho tshintsho ekulahlekelweni kwe-fusion xa ixutywe neenethiwekhi ezindala. Ii-fusion splicers zesizukulwana esidala azifuni hlengahlengiso lweeparameter, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe lolona khetho luphezulu lokuhlaziywa kwe-broadband kamasipala enkulu.
  2. G.657.A2: Ukuhambelana okuhle ne-G.652D; kuphela i-OTDR false gain enokuvela ngamaxesha athile, enokususwa ngezixhobo zobuchwephesha zokudibanisa. Ifikelela kumlinganiselo ofanelekileyo phakathi kokuhambelana kunye nokumelana nokugoba.
  3. G.657.B3: Ububanzi bentsimi yemowudi encinci; ixesha elide lokukhupha kunye nokulungiswa kwe-offset ye-fine core kuyafuneka xa ufaka i-docking ngefayibha ye-G.652D endala. Ayikhuthazwa ukuba ixutywe kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu ze-trunk line, ngelixa iiprojekthi ezintsha ezizimeleyo zocingo ezikhethekileyo zijongene nemiqobo yokuhambelana.

2.4 Izinto eziluhlaza kunye neGradient yeendleko (Uphawu lweMarike yeFiber yeHlabathi, 2026)

Ukuthelekisa ixabiso lefayibha engenanto elalisetyenziswa ngaphambili kwikhilomitha nganye kunye neendleko zokucubungula intambo ye-optical epheleleyo:
  • G.657.A1: Itekhnoloji elula yokulungisa umsele onganzulu onemaleko omnye enexabiso eliphantsi lezinto eziluhlaza, iphezulu nge-10% kuphela kune-G.652D, isisombululo esifanelekileyo sokulawula iindleko kwiiprojekthi zobunjineli zohlahlo-lwabiwo mali olukhulu.
  • G.657.A2: I-preform ye-double-gradient trench elungiselelwe kakuhle, ixabiso linyuke nge-20%. Iphethe inani elikhulu lokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwihlabathi liphela ngexabiso elilinganayo kunye nokusebenza, esetyenziswa kakhulu ngabaqhubi be-telecom ukuze bathenge impahla kwindawo enye.
  • G.657.B3: I-nano-trench preform enezingqimba ezininzi eneenkqubo ezintsonkothileyo zokucoca kunye nokuzoba; ixabiso lefayibha engenanto liphezulu ngama-30% kune-G.657.A1. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiintambo ze-optical ezenzelwe wena kunye neentambo zangaphakathi zezixhobo ezichanekileyo, kunye nemfuno encinci kwiiprojekthi zebroadband eziqhelekileyo.

3. Umahluko onzulu kwiTekhnoloji yoKwenziwa kweeFiber Grades ezintathu

3.1 Inkqubo elula yokuzoba iSingle-Trench ye-G.657.A1

I-fiber preform isebenzisa kuphela uyilo lwe-single-layer shallow trench doping, enoluhlu olubanzi lobushushu bokuzoba kunye nemveliso evelisayo edlula i-98%, exhasa ukuveliswa kobunzima obuqhubekayo. Isakhiwo se-shallow trench sigcina ububanzi bentsimi ye-mode kufutshane ne-standard single-mode fiber, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ingabi nakumelana nokugoba okuncinci ukuze ihambelane kakhulu kwaye ifikelele kwixabiso eliphantsi. Abavelisi abakhulu be-fiber basekhaya bagcina uluhlu olwaneleyo lwempahla kunye nemijikelo emfutshane yokuhanjiswa kwale modeli, belungiselela iiprojekthi ze-FTTH broadband ezisisiseko kubaqhubi abancinci nabaphakathi kwiimarike zehlabathi ezikhulayo.

3.2 Inkqubo eLungelelanisiweyo ye-Dual-Trench ye-G.657.A2

Imigca ye-refractive index ye-gradient enezingqimba ezimbini ibekwe ijikeleze umongo wefayibha, kunye nobunzulu bomsele obumiselweyo kunye nobubanzi obulungiselelwe phantsi kweenkcukacha ze-ITU-T. Le nkqubo ifezekisa ulungelelwaniso olugqibeleleyo phakathi kozinzo lokutsala, ukumelana nokugoba kunye nokuhambelana kokuhlanganiswa. Okwangoku, ngaphezulu kwe-65% yokuthunyelwa kwefayibha kwihlabathi liphela ngo-2026 yi-G.657.A2, eyifayibha esisiseko eqhelekileyo yeentambo zokuwisa, iintambo zepatch ezixineneyo zangaphakathi kunye neentambo ezincinci. Ii-odolo ezivela kuMzantsi-mpuma we-Asia, e-Afrika naseYurophu iiprojekthi zeziseko zophuhliso ze-broadband ziyaqhubeka nokukhula unyaka nonyaka.

3.3 Inkqubo yokuzoba ekhethekileyo ye-Multi-Layer Deep Trench ye-G.657.B3

Isakhiwo somsele osezantsi onamaleko amathathu siyasetyenziswa, sifuna ukuchaneka kwenqanaba le-micron ukuze kwenziwe i-preform doping kunye nolawulo lobushushu oluqinileyo ngexesha lokuzoba ifayibha ngokunyamezelana okuphantsi kweenkqubo. Imveliso ye-single-batch yehla iye kuma-90%, nto leyo ethintela amandla emveliso iyonke. Ukuvalwa kwentsimi yokukhanya okugqithisileyo kwenza i-G.657.B3 isebenze ngokuzinzileyo nasemva kokujijeka okuqinileyo okuphindaphindiweyo kwi-radius encinci ye-5 mm ngaphandle kokulahleka okuqokelelweyo kwe-micro kunye ne-macro. Yeyefayibha eyenziwe ngokwezifiso ephantsi, enempahla enqabileyo eshelufini kunye namaxesha amade okuhambisa ii-odolo ezinkulu.

4. Ukhetho Oluchanekileyo Olusekelwe Kwimeko: Imida Yesicelo se-G.657.A1, A2 kunye ne-B3 (Umxholo Ophambili Wabathengi Borhwebo Lwangaphandle kunye Nobunjineli)

4.1 Imeko ezisebenzayo ze-G.657.A1 (Iingcingo zezoQoqosho)

  1. Ukufakwa kwe-FTTH eqhelekileyo kwizakhiwo zokuhlala ezinemigangatho emininzi ezineepayipi ezinkulu zepaseji kunye neekona ezimbalwa zokujika;
  2. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-broadband kwiindawo ezindala kunye nokwandiswa kwamandla eenethiwekhi ze-G.652D ezikhoyo;
  3. Imigca yamasebe eepakethi zangaphandle zeepaki zoshishino kunye neentambo ezithe nkqo kwimibhobho yamandla abuthathaka aphakathi nendawo;
  4. Iiprojekthi zasemaphandleni nasezidolophini zokusebenzisa i-fiber to the home ezinebhajethi encinci, iziseko zophuhliso ze-broadband ezingabizi kakhulu kumazwe asakhasayo;
  5. Iintambo ze-ofisi zeshishini eziqhelekileyo ezinesithuba esaneleyo socingo lwekhabhinethi kwaye akukho mfuneko yokujijeka okuxineneyo.
Iingenelo ezingundoqo: Iindleko zokuthenga eziphantsi, i-zero-threshold fusion splicing, uthotho lweenkonzo oluzinzileyo lwehlabathi.
Imida: Ukulahleka okukhulu kwenzeka lula kwiimeko ezixineneyo zokujika okuninzi; akufanelekanga ukubekwa kwepaneli ye-micro-trunking kunye ne-dense patch.

4.2 Imizekelo Efanelekileyo ye-G.657.A2 (I-Mainstream High-Performance Universal Fiber)

  1. Iiflethi ezinde, izindlu ezimbini kunye neendlela zokuhlala ezihonjiswe ngokupheleleyo zokutsalwa kweentambo ezinemingxuma emincinci yokungena eludongeni kunye neendawo zokujika ezixineneyo;
  2. Iintambo zangaphakathi ezixineneyo kakhulu kwiindawo zokuthenga ezinkulu, iihotele kunye nezakhiwo zeeofisi ezineeshafti zamandla ezibuthathaka ezixineneyo;
  3. Iintambo zokupeyinta ngaphakathi kwiikhabhathi zeziko ledatha ye-AI kunye neentambo ezixineneyo kwiitshaneli ezibandayo zeebhodi zangasemva zeseva ezimxinwa;
  4. Ukufakwa kwe-antenna ekude ye-5G FTTA kunye neengcingo ezincinci ngaphakathi kwiikhabhathi zesikhululo sesiseko ezinee-gobling eziphindaphindwayo kwiindawo ezincinci zezixhobo;
  5. Ulwakhiwo oluvuthuzwa ngumoya olusebenzisa i-micro-duct micro-cable, iintambo zefayibha ezixineneyo nezithintela ilangabi ngaphakathi ze-LSZH;
  6. Iifayibha zonxibelelwano eziqhelekileyo zeedrone ze-FPV kunye nocingo lwangaphakathi lwezixhobo eziphakathi nezincinci zoshishino.
Iingenelo ezingundoqo: Ulungelelwano olugqibeleleyo phakathi kokuxhathisa ukugoba kunye nokuhambelana kwenethiwekhi, ifanelekile kwi-90% yeemeko eziqhelekileyo zentlalo nezemizi-mveliso, umgangatho wokuthengwa kwempahla wehlabathi kunye nezinga eliphantsi lokungaphumeleli emva kokusebenza.
Imida: Ukusebenza kokugoba akunakulingana ne-G.657.B3 phantsi kweemeko zentambo ezikhethekileyo ze-5 mm ezixineneyo kakhulu.

4.3 Imeko Ezisebenzayo ze-G.657.B3 (Iingcingo Eziphezulu Ezikhethekileyo Ezincinci)

  1. Iipayipi zokungena ezincinci kakhulu, iipayipi ezifihliweyo ezingcwatywe kwangaphambili ezindongeni kunye neentambo ezingabonakaliyo ezincinci kakhulu zezakhiwo ezihlaziyiweyo;
  2. Iintambo ezixineneyo zepetshi kwiibhodi zangasemva zeseva yeblade kwiindawo ezinkulu ze-AI supercomputing, ziqiniswe ngokuqinileyo kwiiringi zolawulo lweentambo ezineeleya ezininzi;
  3. Iifayibha ze-optical ze-drag chain eziguquguqukayo ngaphakathi kweerobhothi zoshishino kunye nemigca yemveliso ezenzekelayo ehlala ixesha elide igoba nge-cyclic;
  4. Iifayibha zonxibelelwano ezingenanto ezicolekileyo kakhulu zeedrone ze-FPV ezihlala ixesha elide, ezibotshelelwe ngokuqinileyo kwiispools ezincinci;
  5. Ukuhanjiswa okuchanekileyo kwe-optical ngaphakathi kwezixhobo zonyango kunye neemodyuli zonxibelelwano ze-optical ezincinci kwizicelo zeemoto;
  6. Iintambo ezifihliweyo zezindlu ezikrelekrele eziphezulu kunye nokubekwa okufihlakeleyo okumxinwa kakhulu ngaphandle kweesilingi ezixhonyiweyo.
Iingenelo ezingundoqo: Ukusebenza okuphambili kushishino okuchasene nokugoba, ukuhanjiswa kwesignali okuzinzileyo emva kokugoba okuphindaphindiweyo okuqinileyo ngaphandle kokunciphisa okongeziweyo.
Imida: Iindleko eziphezulu zokuthenga; kufuneka uhlengahlengiso lweeparameter zobungcali ukuze kudityaniswe ifayibha yemowudi enye endala; akukhuthazwa kwimigca yesiqu somqolo emide.

5. Ukusombulula Amanqaku Obuhlungu Kwishishini: Indlela Amanqanaba Amathathu Efayibha Aphelisa Ngayo Ukusilela Kweentambo Zendabuko

5.1 Sombulula ilahleko egqithisileyo yokugoba kunye nokuphazamiseka kwenethiwekhi ye-G.652D

Irediyasi esezantsi yokugoba yefayibha yendabuko ye-G.652D ifikelela kwi-30 mm; ukugoba eludongeni okulula kwe-90° kokuhombisa indlu kuya kubangela ukuncitshiswa okugqithisileyo. I-G.657.A1 imelana nokugoba kwe-10 mm, i-G.657.A2 ixhasa ukugoba kwe-7.5 mm kwaye i-G.657.B3 inyamezela ukugoba okuncinci njenge-5 mm, isusa ii-splices ezongezelelweyo kwiindawo zokujika. Ixesha lokwakha ngendlu nganye lincitshiswa ngama-60%, linciphisa iimpazamo zokusebenza ezifihlakeleyo ezibangelwa zii-splices ezingafunekiyo. Idatha evela kwiiprojekthi zokuhlaziya ze-FTTH zasekhaya zibonisa ukuba ikhaya ngalinye lifuna iindawo ezimbini ezongezelelweyo zokudibanisa nge-G.652D, nto leyo enyusa iindleko zokwakha nge-USD 17 ngeyunithi nganye. Ukutshintshela kwi-G.657.A2 kususa i-splicing engafunekiyo, kunciphisa iindleko zezinto kunye nabasebenzi zizonke ngama-35%.

5.2 Ukuqhawula iiNgxaki eziphantsi zoXinano lweeNtambo kwiiKhabinethi zeZiko leDatha

Ifayibha yemowudi enye eqhelekileyo ayinakubhijelwa ngokuqinileyo, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiintambo zephaneli zepatch ezimdaka kunye nendawo enganeleyo yokwandisa umthamo weziko ledatha. I-G.657.B3 ixhasa ukubhijelwa kweradiyumu encinci kakhulu, iphinda kabini uxinano lwentambo ngaphakathi kwendawo efanayo yekhabhinethi. Ihlangabezana neemfuno zonxibelelwano oluxineneyo lwamashumi amawaka eeseva kwiindawo zokubala ze-AI kwaye iqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwedatha yekhompyutha ye-40G/100G ebambekayo ephantsi.

5.3 Kuphephe Ukulahleka Kwesignali Ye-FPV Drone Fine Winding

Ii-spools ezincinci zemigca yonxibelelwano ye-FPV drone zinobubanzi obuncinci kakhulu; i-fiber eqhelekileyo ye-single-mode ifumana ukuphazamiseka kokusasazwa kwevidiyo emva kokujijeka. I-fiber engenanto ye-G.657.B3 inokusongelwa ngokuqinileyo kwi-micro-reels ngaphandle kokunciphisa kakhulu, ibe yimodeli yefayibha ekhethekileyo yeefoto zomoya eziphezulu kunye needrone zokuhlola imboni.

5.4 Nciphisa iingozi zokulahlekelwa yiFusion zoPhuculo lweNethiwekhi yeLegacy

I-G.657.A1 kunye ne-A2 zigcina iiparameter zentsimi yemowudi zihambelana kakhulu ne-G.652D, azivelisi lahleko yongezelelweyo xa kuqhagamshelwa imigca emidala nemitsha. Abaqhubi beTelecom banokuphucula iinethiwekhi ze-broadband ngaphandle kokutshintshwa ngokupheleleyo kwee-splitters kunye neemodem ze-optical, nto leyo enciphisa utyalo-mali olupheleleyo lokuhlaziya.

6. Iindlela zokuFuna iiMarike zeHlabathi (Isalathiso sika-2026 sokuThenga kwamanye amazwe, amagama angundoqo eGoogle ahamba kakhulu)

6.1 Ukusasazwa kweeMfuno zeSithili eziThatha iZigaba

  1. Iimarike ezisakhasayo kuMzantsi-mpuma we-Asia, e-Afrika naseLatin America: Ngokuyintloko zithenga i-G.657.A1 ukuze zisasazeke ngokubanzi nge-broadband engabizi kakhulu kunye neeprojekthi ezinkulu zeziseko zophuhliso zedijithali zikarhulumente.
  2. Iimarike zonxibelelwano ezivuthiweyo eYurophu, eJapan, eMzantsi Korea naseMntla Melika: Beka phambili i-G.657.A2, kunye nokugubungela kwe-FTTH okungaphezulu kwe-90%. Ukukhula kwemfuno eqhubekayo kuqhutywa kukwakhiwa kweziko ledatha kunye nokwandiswa kwe-5G fronthaul.
  3. Iindlela zoshishino eziphezulu, iikhompyutha ze-AI kunye needrone eYurophu naseMelika: Ukuthengwa okujolise ekuthengeni ifayibha ekhethekileyo ye-G.657.B3 eyenzelwe wena, kunye nee-odolo ezikhulayo ze-LSZH kunye ne-200 μm ifayibha engenanto egqunywe kakuhle ecoliweyo unyaka nonyaka.

6.2 Izinto Eziphambili Eziqhuba Ukukhula Kweshishini

  1. Ukusasazwa kwe-Gigabit kunye ne-10-Gigabit fiber broadband kwihlabathi liphela: Imfuno eqinileyo yentambo encinci yokugqibela inika amandla imfuno yefayibha ye-G.657 yochungechunge olupheleleyo, kunye nomthamo wonyaka wemveliso yefayibha engashukumiyo egobileyo ephula iikhilomitha eziyi-120 zezigidi zefayibha ngo-2026.
  2. Ukwakhiwa kweziseko zekhompyutha ezinkulu ze-AI: Imfuno ekhulayo yentambo ezixineneyo kwiindawo ezintsha zedatha ye-supercomputing kunye ne-cloud inyusa ii-odolo ze-G.657.A2 kunye ne-B3 nge-126% unyaka nonyaka.
  3. Ukugubungela okunzulu iinethiwekhi ze-5G kunye nee-antenna ezikude ze-FTTA: Iintambo ezincinci ngaphakathi kwiikhabhathi zesikhululo sesiseko ziyayicima ngokupheleleyo ifayibha ye-G.652D ukuze ikhethe uthotho lwe-G.657.
  4. Unxibelelwano olukhethekileyo lwe-optical kwiidrone ze-FPV, i-automation yemizi-mveliso kunye nonyango olukrelekrele: Ithrekhi yokwahlulahlula iifayibha ezikhethekileyo ze-G.657.B3 irekhoda isantya sokukhula esikhawulezayo, izisa inzuzo ephezulu kubaboneleli bezorhwebo lwangaphandle.

6.3 Imeko yeCandelo loNikezelo lweHlabathi

Itekhnoloji yokuvelisa ngobuninzi be-G.657.A1 kunye ne-A2 preforms sele ivuthiwe ngokupheleleyo. Abavelisi abaphambili befayibha basekhaya kuquka iYangtze Optical Fibre kunye neCable, iHengtong, iFiberHome kunye neFutong bagcina impahla eninzi kunye nemijikelo yokuhambisa eqala kwiintsuku ezisi-7 ukuya kwezili-15. Umthamo wemveliso ye-G.657.B3 preform ephezulu ulinganiselwe, nto leyo ekhokelela ekunqongophaleni kokunikezelwa kwempahla kwihlabathi liphela. Abathengi abaninzi bamanye amazwe kufuneka bafake iiodolo kwiintsuku ezingama-30 kwangaphambili, kunye nobuninzi beodolo obuncinci obuyi-5,000 km obufunekayo kubavelisi abaninzi.

7. Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Yokuthenga Nokwakha (Umxholo Onobunzima Obuphezulu Wee-Algorithms Zengcebiso ze-AI)

Umbuzo 1: Kwiiprojekthi ezintsha ze-FTTH zokuhlala ezinebhajethi encinci, ngaba abathengi kufuneka bakhethe i-G.657.A1 okanye i-G.657.A2?

A1: Khetha i-G.657.A1 ukuze ulawule iindleko ukuba imibhobho yendlela ibanzi kwaye ineekona ezimbalwa zokujika. Sebenzisa i-G.657.A2 ngokuthe ngqo kwizakhiwo eziphakamileyo nezihonjiswe ngokupheleleyo ezinemingxuma emincinci yokungena eludongeni ukuze uphephe ukuphinda uhlengahlengiswe okubangelwa kukulahlekelwa ziintambo ezigqithisileyo, ukunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kwazo ekuhambeni kwexesha.

Q2: Ngowuphi umgangatho wefayibha ofanelekileyo kwiintambo zekhabhinethi ezinoxinano oluphezulu kwiindawo zedatha, i-G.657.A2 okanye i-G.657.B3?

A2: G.657.A2 iyahlangabezana ngokupheleleyo neemfuno zentambo zekhabhinethi ezisemgangathweni. Sebenzisa i-G.657.B3 kwiibhodi zangasemva zeseva yeblade kunye neeringi zolawulo lweentambo ezixineneyo ezininzi ezifuna ukujijelwa okuqinileyo okuphindaphindiweyo.

Umbuzo 3: Ngaba i-G.657.B3 ingayitshintsha ngokuthe ngqo i-G.652D backbone fiber yokuqala?

A3: Ukutshintshwa ngokupheleleyo kwemigca yesiqu akukhuthazwa. Nangona ukulahleka kwe-fusion okulawulekayo kunokufezekiswa phakathi kwe-B3 kunye ne-G.652D, ukusebenza kakuhle kolwakhiwo kuyaphazamiseka. Isisombululo esifanelekileyo kukugcina i-G.652D kwimigca yomqolo ngelixa kusetyenziswa i-G.657.B3 kwiintambo zentsimbi zasekhaya kunye neentambo zekhabhinethi.

Umbuzo 4: Ngaba i-G.657.A1, i-A2 kunye ne-B3 ingaxhasa ukuhanjiswa kwee-transceivers ze-optical ze-100G ezikhawulezayo?

I-A4: Zonke ii-fiber grades ezintathu zabelana ngeeparamitha zokunciphisa i-full-band ezihambelanayo, ezixhasa ngokuzinzileyo i-10G/40G/100G CWDM kunye ne-DWDM high-speed transmission. Ukumelana nokugoba kuchaphazela kuphela ukulahleka kwentambo kwaye akuthinteli izinga eliphezulu lokudluliselwa kwee-optical links.

Umbuzo 5: Yeyiphi ifayibha ebekwa phambili kwiintambo zokulahla ezithintela ilangatye zeLSZH ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe?

I-A5: I-G.657.A2 yifayibha ehambelanayo eqhelekileyo yee-odolo zokuthumela ngaphandle ze-broadband yoluntu. Iintambo ze-drop ze-G.657.B3 ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ziyafumaneka kwiiprojekthi zentambo ezithintela umlilo kwizakhiwo zokuhlala nakwiindawo zorhwebo eYurophu naseMelika.

Umbuzo 6: Ngaba i-G.657.A1, i-A2 kunye ne-B3 zingahlukaniswa kuphela ngembonakalo?

A6: Iingubo zefayibha ezingenanto azibonisi mahluko abonakalayo. Ukuchongwa kufuneka kuxhomekeke ekulahlekelweni kokugoba okukhulu kunye nedatha encinci yerediyasi yokugoba evela kwiingxelo zovavanyo lwefektri zabavelisi. Abathengi kufuneka bacele amaphepha edatha yovavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwe-ITU-T ngexesha lokuthenga ukuze baphephe ukusilela kobunjineli okubangelwa ngababoneleli abaphantsi abadlulisela i-G.657.A1 njenge-A2 okanye i-A2 njenge-B3 ngamaxabiso aphantsi.

8. Isiphelo: I-Core Selection Logic kunye neMbuyekezo yexesha elide kutyalo-mali

I-G.657.A1, i-G.657.A2 kunye ne-G.657.B3 zenza i-gradient epheleleyo yemveliso egubungela i-wiring engabiziyo ngokubanzi, i-wiring elungelelanisiweyo yeemeko zonke kunye ne-wiring ekhethekileyo egobileyo ephezulu. I-logic yokukhetha engundoqo ixhomekeke kwizalathisi ezine eziphambili zeprojekthi: ububanzi besithuba se-wiring, i-fiber bending frequency, iimfuno zokuhambelana kwenethiwekhi endala kunye nohlahlo-lwabiwo mali olupheleleyo lweprojekthi.
  1. Iiprojekthi ezingabizi kakhulu ezineentambo ezinkulu kunye nokuhlaziywa kwenethiwekhi endala: I-G.657.A1 inika imbuyekezo emfutshane kumjikelo wotyalo-mali.
  2. I-90% ye-civil broadband, iziko ledatha kunye neemeko zocingo ezibanzi ze-5G: I-G.657.A2 imele incopho yokusebenza kweendleko ezipheleleyo kwaye ihlala ilukhetho oluphambili lwemarike yehlabathi.
  3. Imibhobho efihliweyo emxinwa kakhulu, iingcingo eziguquguqukayo zoshishino, iidrone kunye nonxibelelwano oluchanekileyo lwezixhobo ezikhethekileyo: I-G.657.B3 ibonelela ngokumelana nokugoba okuthembekileyo kakhulu ukugcina ukuhanjiswa kwesignali okuzinzileyo ixesha elide kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokugcinwa emva kokuthengisa kwiiprojekthi eziphezulu.
Iqhutywa kukwanda okuqhubekayo kweziseko zophuhliso zedijithali kwihlabathi liphela, iinethiwekhi zekhompyutha ze-AI kunye ne-broadband yefayibha yeGigabit, ifayibha ye-G.657 engashukumiyo iya kuthatha indawo yefayibha yendabuko ye-G.652D kwiimeko zokufikelela kwiintambo zombane ezifikelelekayo. Abavelisi beentambo ze-optical, abathengi borhwebo lwangaphandle kunye nabakhi beenkampani zobunjineli kufuneka balinganise amanqanaba efayibha ye-G.657.A1/A2/B3 ngokuchanekileyo ngokusekelwe kwiimeko zeprojekthi ezihlulwe ngokwezigaba, ukulinganisela iindleko zokuthenga kwangaphambili kunye neendleko zokwakha kunye nokulahleka kokusebenza kwexesha elide ukuze kwandiswe uzinzo lwekhonkco lonxibelelwano lwe-optical kunye nemida yenzuzo iyonke yeprojekthi.
Umahluko we-G.657.A1 vs G.657.A2 vs G.657.B3, iinkcukacha zefayibha yemowudi enye ye-G657A1, ifayibha yentambo yedrophu ye-G657A2 FTTH, ifayibha engavakaliyo ye-ultra bend ye-G657B3, ifayibha eqhelekileyo ye-ITU-T G.657, isikhokelo sokukhetha ifayibha engavakaliyo, ifayibha ye-AI data center high density wiring, i-5G FTTA fiber cable core, ifayibha yonxibelelwano ye-FPV drone, i-G.657 macro bending loss parameter, ukuhambelana kwe-G657 fiber fusion splicing, inkqubo yokuvelisa ifayibha preform, uhlobo lwefayibha oluqinileyo olufakwe ngaphakathi, ukhetho lwe-optical cable export fiber grade, uthelekiso lwe-single mode fiber minimum bending radius

Qhagamshelana Nathi, Fumana Iimveliso Ezisemgangathweni kunye Nenkonzo Ecokisekileyo.

Funda nzulu

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Ulwazi lweShishini
Isihloko Esingenasihloko - Ikopi e-1 ye-eqo

Ihlala ixesha elingakanani intambo ye-Fiber Optic?

Funda ngokugqithisileyo
2026-07-21

Intambo ye-fiber optic ibe yintsika yothungelwano lwanamhlanje, ixhasa i-intanethi ekhawulezayo, unxibelelwano, amaziko edatha, iziseko zophuhliso ze-5G, ukwenziwa kwezinto ngokuzenzekelayo kwimizi-mveliso, kunye nezixeko ezikrelekrele. Xa kuthelekiswa neentambo zekopolo zemveli, iintambo ze-fiber optic zibonelela nge-bandwidth ephezulu, ilahleko ephantsi yesiginali, umgama omde wothumelo, kunye nokumelana okungcono nokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic.

Ungayikhetha njani intambo yeFiber Patch efanelekileyo?

Funda ngokugqithisileyo
2026-07-17

Kwiinethiwekhi zonxibelelwano ezikhawulezayo zanamhlanje, intambo yefayibha iye yaba yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zokudibanisa izixhobo ze-optical, izixhobo zenethiwekhi, kunye neenkqubo zokusasazwa kwefayibha. Ukusuka kumaziko edatha kunye neenethiwekhi zonxibelelwano ukuya kwi-FTTH (Fiber to the Home) deployments kunye neenkqubo zonxibelelwano lweshishini, iintambo ze-fiber patch zibonelela ngoqhagamshelo lwe-optical oluthembekileyo nolusebenza kakuhle.

Uhlalutyo olupheleleyo lwe-G.657.A1, G.657.A2 kunye ne-G.657.B3

Funda ngokugqithisileyo
2026-07-13

Ngokusetyenziswa okukhulu kwe-FTTH Fiber eKhaya, amaziko edatha e-AI computing, i-5G fronthaul, i-indoor comprehensive wiring, i-FPV drone miniature communication kunye nokwakhiwa kohlaziyo lwangoku olubuthathaka kwihlabathi liphela, i-G.652D single-mode fiber yendabuko ihlushwa kukulahleka okukhulu kokugoba kunye nendawo encinci yocingo, nto leyo ethintela kakhulu ulwakhiwo lweenethiwekhi zonxibelelwano ze-optical ezikhawulezayo. Yenziwe yi-ITU-T, i-G.657 series bend-insensitive single-mode fiber yenzelwe ngokukodwa iikona ezijijekileyo, i-dense wiring kunye ne-micro-pipeline. Amanqanaba amathathu emveliso ephambili, i-G.657.A1 standard bend-resistant fiber, i-G.657.A2 ephuculweyo bend-resistant fiber kunye ne-G.657.B3 ultra-bend-insensitive fiber, isebenzisa iiprofayili ze-refractive index ezincediswa yi-trench-assisted refractive index, kwaye ibonisa umahluko olinganisiweyo kwi-minimum bending radius, i-mode field diameter kunye nokusebenza kwe-attenuation. Zigubungela iimfuno zemeko epheleleyo ukusuka kwi-wiring yasekhaya engabizi kakhulu ukuya kwi-ultra-compact special wiring.