Ko te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero muka whatu e pā ana ki te tuku mōhiohio hei pāorooro mārama i runga i te muka whatu karāhe, kirihou rānei. He pūnaha ēnei e whakamahi ana i te mārama hei tuku i ngā rahinga nui o ngā raraunga matihiko me te tere me te pono nui. Ka kitea noa e koe ngā muka whatu i roto i ngā whatunga raraunga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero me te rorohiko, he mea nui te whānui me te roa o te hononga, he nui ake i ngā taura parahi te tere me te tawhiti.

Ko te aratohu wehewehe muka whatu plc tino taipitopito e whakamārama ana i te mahi a ēnei wāhanga iti i roto i ngā whatunga o ēnei rā. Ka wehewehea e ngā wehewehe muka whatu PLC ngā tohu mārama mai i te muka kotahi ki te maha, ka taea ai te hono tahi o ngā whare me ngā tari maha ki te ipurangi. He mea nui rātou i roto i te FTTH (muka ki te kāinga) me ngā pokapū raraunga nā te mea ka āwhina i te pupuri i te mahi pai me te whai hua o ngā whatunga nui. Kī tonu i ngā mōhiohio e wātea ana me ngā tauira mahi, ka hipokina e tēnei aratohu ngā momo katoa, ngā mahi, me te pehea ki te whiriwhiri i te wehewehe tika. Hei āwhina i te whakatūnga, i te whakamahere rānei, ka whakamāramahia e ngā wāhanga e whai ake nei ia tohutohu me ngā kōrero pakiwaitara me ngā mōhiohio mai i ngā kaihangarau whatunga me ngā kaiwhakamahi tūturu.

MTP me Ngā hononga MPO he tino matotoru hononga muka whatungā mea e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā pokapū raraunga me ngā whatunga waea hei whakahaere i ngā rahinga raraunga nui. E whakamahi ana ngā mea e rua i tētahi hoahoa pana-maha-muka, ā, ka taea te kawe i ngā aho muka maha atu i roto i tētahi hononga kotahi i te mea noa, he mea whai hua mō ngā hononga tere, kaha-nui. Ko te MTP te ingoa waitohu a US Conec, ko te MPO ia (pana-maha-muka) he paerewa o te ao. He pai ake te kaha o ngā hononga MTP me te pai ake o te mahi, ko ngā hononga MPO ia he maha atu ngā waitohu. He take pai, ka whiriwhiri ngā kaiwhakamahi i ngā hononga MTP me MPO hei penapena wāhi, hei whakanui ake i te tere, me te whakahaere i ngā whakapainga whatunga. Kei roto i ngā wāhanga e whai ake nei te whakaahuatanga o te urunga o te MTP me te MPO ki ngā whatunga o te ao tūturu me ngā mea e wehewehe ana i a rāua.

Ngā taura muka whatu raro i te wai He rerekē ngā momo taura, ā, ka taea te whakarōpū hei taura kotahi-aratau, hei taura maha-aratau rānei, hei taura ārai, hei taura kore-ārai rānei, hei taura whakahoki, hei taura kore-ārai rānei. Kei runga i te papa moana ēnei taura hei hono i ngā whenua me te tuku i ngā nui o ngā mōhiohio i waenga i ngā iwi. He pai te mahi a ngā taura aratau kotahi i ngā tawhiti roa, engari ko ngā taura maha-aratau ka whakamahia i runga i ngā huarahi poto. Kei roto i ngā taura ārai ētahi atu paparanga hei tiaki i te kino mai i ngā toka, i te hī ika rānei, ā, he māmā ake ngā taura kore-ārai mō te whakatinanatanga i te moana hohonu. Ko ētahi taura e whakamahi ana i ngā taura whakahoki hei whakanui i ngā tohu puta noa i ngā mano kiromita, ko ētahi e mahi kore-whakahoki mō ngā hononga poto. Mā te mārama ki ngā momo ka āwhina i te whiriwhiri i te taura tika mō ia ara moana. Ka tātarihia e te nuinga i raro nei te āhua o te whakatutuki a ia taura i ngā hiahia o te ao.

Ko te rerekētanga i waenga i te papa papaki muka whatu me te pouaka whakamutu muka whatu Ko te kaupapa matua ko te whakamahi i roto i te whatunga. Ko te papaki muka whatu he pokapū mō te hono me te whakarite i ngā muka, e māmā ake ai te tukanga hanga, te whakarerekē rānei i ngā hononga. Hei whakataurite, ka whakaratohia e te pouaka whakamutu muka whatu he wāhi haumaru hei whakamutu me te tiaki i ngā taura muka, i te taha whatunga, i ngā pūwāhi hononga kaiwhakamahi rānei. He mea nui ngā mahi e rua ki te tiaki me te whakahaere i ō taura, engari he mea hanga ia mō tētahi tūranga ahurei i roto i tō whirihoranga. Mā te mārama ki ēnei mahi ka āwhina i te hanga, i te whakarei ake rānei i tētahi whatunga muka. Ka whakamāramahia e te wāhanga e whai ake nei te uru o ia mea ki ngā whirihoranga tuturu.

He momo taura ethernet katoa a Cat5, Cat5e, Cat6, me Cat6a e whakamahia ana hei whatunga i ngā taputapu. Ka tautoko a Cat5 i ngā tere tae atu ki te 100 Mbps, ā, he pai mō ngā whakaritenga kāinga taketake. Ka taea e Cat5e te whakapiki ake i tēnā ki te 1 Gbps, ā, ka whakaiti i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, ka pono mō te nuinga o ngā whakaritenga kāinga me ngā tari iti. Ka tautoko a Cat6 i ngā tere teitei ake ki te 10 Gbps i ngā tawhiti poto, ka pai mō ngā wāhi mahi, mō te rerema rānei. Ka whakanuia e Cat6a, ka tukuna he 10 Gbps pono i ngā tawhiti roa, e pai ana mō ngā wāhi nui ake, mō ngā whakaritenga ā muri ake nei rānei. Ka tutuki katoa i a rātou ngā whakaritenga tere, tawhiti, me te whakamahinga. Ka whakamāramahia e te wāhanga e whai ake nei te wā hei whiriwhiri i ia mea.

Ka whakaatuhia e te waehere tae muka ngā tohu tae mō ngā taura muka whatu. Mā tēnei waehere tae ka taea te tautuhi tere me te ngāwari o ia miro muka i te wā tāutanga, i te wā whakatikatika rānei. Ko te nuinga o ngā pūnaha e whakamahi ana i tētahi huinga tae taketake o ngā tae tekau mā rua, ia tae e piri ana ki tētahi tau, kia ōrite ai, kia māmā ai hoki mō ngā tohunga hangarau i ngā wāhi katoa. Ka taea te whakamahi i te waehere tae i roto i ngā momo taura katoa, mai i ngā miro takitahi ki ngā paihere muka nui. Mō ngā tohunga whatunga katoa, mā te mārama ki te waehere tae muka ka whakaiti i te rangirua, ka tere ake hoki te mahi. I te wāhanga e whai ake nei, kimihia te āhua o te tūtohi waehere tae, te hiranga o te raupapa me ētahi tohutohu mō te whakamārama i ngā tae i roto i ngā taura tuturu.

He pouaka tiaki te pouaka muka whatu e pupuri ana, e whakarite ana hoki i ngā taura me ngā hononga muka whatu. Ka tiakina e ēnei pouaka muka whatu ngā taura mai i te puehu, te makuku, me ngā kino tinana, ā, ka āwhina i te whakahaere taura whai hua. Ko te nuinga o ngā pouaka kei te wātea i roto i ngā momo whakairinga whatanga, whakairinga pakitara rānei, me ngā paepae me ngā tauranga mārama hei whakahaere i ngā taura i roto i te tikanga tika. Mā te pouaka kounga ka taea e ngā tohunga hangarau te tautuhi me te whakatika wawe i ngā take, te whakaiti i te wā kore mahi me te pupuri i te pumau o te whatunga. Ko ētahi he mea hanga mō te whakamahinga o waho, ā, ka taea te tu atu ki ngā āhuatanga uaua. Ko te whiriwhiri i te pouaka tika e whakawhirinaki ana ki te maha o ngā taura, te wāhi tāutanga e wātea ana, me te mea e hiahiatia ana te whakamahinga o roto, o waho rānei. I muri mai, ka hipokina e mātou ngā momo, ngā tono, me ngā tohutohu mō te whiriwhiri i te pouaka muka whatu tika mō tetahi whirihoranga.