Ngā pouaka whakamutu muka whatu me ngā pouaka honohono muka whatu Ka mahi i ngā mahi rerekē i roto i ngā whatunga muka whatu. Ka whakaratohia e ngā pouaka whakamutu ngā wāhi haumaru hei whakamutu i ngā taura muka me te hononga o ngā hononga, ka whakahaere i te hononga, i te whakamātautau rānei i ngā raina. Kei roto i ngā pouaka honohono, ā, ka tiakina hoki ngā wāhi e tūtaki ai ngā aho muka e rua, me te hononga honohono, hei pupuri i te pono me te haumarutanga o te tohu. Ka tiakina ngā taura e rua e ngā pouaka, ā, ka āwhina i ngā tāutanga ma, wātea hoki, engari he kaupapa mārama tā ia pouaka—ko tētahi hei whakamutu i ngā raina, ko tētahi hei honohono. Mā te mārama ki te mahi a ia pouaka ka āwhina i te whiriwhiri i te mea tika mō tētahi mahi. Ka whakaatuhia e te tinana matua ngā tono o te ao tūturu me ngā tohutohu mō te whiriwhiri i waenga i a rāua.

Pouaka Whakamutu vs. Pouaka Hononga

Ka whakawhirinaki ngā whatunga muka whatu ki ngā pouaka whakamutu me te honohono mō ngā hononga pakari, tere-teitei. He rerekē te raruraru e whakatauhia ana e ia momo pouaka: me pēhea te hono, te tiaki, me te whakahaere i ngā aho muka kia nekehia ai ngā raraunga me te iti o te ngaronga, te raruraru rānei. Mā te mōhio ki te rerekētanga ka āwhina i ngā kaihoahoa whatunga ki te whiriwhiri i te otinga tino pai mō ō rātou āhuatanga.

1. Mahi Matua

Ko ngā pouaka whakamutunga te wāhi matua hei hono i ngā hiku muka ki te taura matua. Mā ēnei ka taea e koe te mono me te momotu i ngā pekepeke, he mea pai tēnei mō ngā wāhi e hiahia ana koe ki te whakawhiti hononga, ki te whakamātautau rānei i ngā wā katoa. Ka āwhina ngā pouaka honohono ki te hono i ngā taura muka e rua mai i te pito ki te pito, ka hanga he aho roa kotahi. He mea nui tēnei mō ngā raina tawhiti, mō te wā rānei me whakatika e koe he taura kua motu. Ko te whakamutunga tika ka iti ake te whakaata me te tere raraunga pai ake. Pouaka Whakamutu vs. Hononga Mō te Pouaka Ko te honohono, ki te tika te mahi, ka mau tonu te kaha o te tohu mā te hanga i te hononga kia rite te pai ki te muka hou.

2. Te Rapunga Whakaaro Hoahoa

Ko ngā pouaka whakamutunga e whakanui ana i te ngāwari o te urunga me ngā whakaritenga pai. Me whai wāhi mō ngā hononga me ngā tauranga mārama. Ko te tikanga o tēnei whirihoranga he nui ake te wā me te tohungatanga e hiahiatia ana mō ngā tāutanga. He māmā noa ngā whakarerekētanga o muri mai. He iti ake ngā pouaka honohono, he paepae mō ngā muka, kāore he hononga. Nā te iti o te rahi, ka neke ki ngā wāhi kuiti, ki ngā kokonga o waho rānei. Mā te hoahoa ka māmā ake te ara muka ma, ka iti ake te piko, ka tiakina te kaha o te tohu. Me whakairi ngā mea e rua ki ngā whata, ki ngā pakitara, ki waho rānei kia uru ai te ngāwari.

3. Tūranga Whatunga

He rite ngā pouaka whakamutu ki te pokapū i roto i te wira: ka kohikohi taura, ka whakahaere i ngā pekepeke, ā, ka taea e koe te huri tere i ngā mea. He rite ngā pouaka honohono ki ngā mīhini whakarewa, e whakarite ana kia mau tonu te hononga o ia miro muka, kia pakari hoki te hononga. Ka mahi tahi ngā pouaka e rua i ngā kaupapa nui, pērā i te whatunga puta noa i te tāone, e hiahia ana koe ki ngā oma pumau, pumau me ngā pūwāhi urunga watea. Ko te tipu o te whatunga me whai i ēnei e rua: te honohono mō te tuara pumau me te whakamutu mō te urunga me te nekehanga a te kaiwhakamahi.

4. Te Whakamahinga o ngā Wāhanga

He urutau, he hononga, he wāhi hoki kei roto i ngā pouaka whakamutunga mō ngā hononga. Mā ēnei ka taea e koe te whakawhiti, te whakamātautau rānei i ngā aho tere. Kei roto i ngā pouaka honohono he paepae, he ringaringa me ngā pupuri mō ngā muka kua honoa. Kāore he hononga, ko te karāhe anake. Me mātau me te wā te tāutanga o ngā hononga i roto i ngā pouaka whakamutunga. Kia tū te hononga, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā huarahi maha. E rua ngā pouaka e whakamahi ana i ngā aratohu muka, i ngā pupuri rānei hei ārai i te piko me te raranga.

5. Pānga Tohu

Mā te pouaka whakamutu pai ka mārama, ka tere hoki tō tohu. Mā ngā whakamutu kino ka puta he ngaronga me he puhoi. Mā te honohono, ka iti te ngaronga, ā, ka teitei te kounga. Mā ngā honohono kino ka ngoikore ngā hononga, ā, ka nui ake ngā whakatikatika. Ko te tāutanga o ia pouaka he mea nui mō te tere me te hauora o te whatunga whānui. Ko te tikanga o te mahi kino he puhoi ngā whatunga, ā, he roa ake te wā e kore ai e mahi.

Te Mārama ki ngā Pouaka Whakamutu

Ko te whakamutu muka whatu e pā ana ki te whakaoti i tētahi taura muka ki tētahi hononga, e āhei ai ngā tohu ki te tuku mai i te muka ki ētahi atu wāhanga whatunga. He mea nui tēnei mō tētahi hononga pumau, haumaru hoki i roto i tētahi whirihoranga. Kāore ngā pouaka whakamutu e tuku raraunga; he pupuri, he whāriki rānei mō ngā hononga, e pupuri ana i ngā muka ki te wāhi tika, e tiaki ana hoki i a rātou. Me ngā kōwhiringa kiato tauranga maha pērā i te 8, 12, 24, tae atu ki te 96 tauranga, koinei te kōwhiringa pai mō ngā tono o ngā rahi katoa.

Ngā tono

1. Ka whakamahia e ngā whatunga waea ngā pouaka whakamutu hei hono i ngā taura o waho o te tipu ki ngā taputapu whatunga, hei tuku i ngā tohunga hangarau ki te whakawhiti hononga me te whakatika tere i ngā hapa.

2. I roto i tō kāinga, mā te pouaka whakairi-pātū me ngā tauranga 1, 2, 4 rānei ka māmā ake te hono i ngā raina ipurangi me ngā raina waea me te kore e raruraru. I roto i ngā whare tari, mā ngā pouaka nui ake me ngā tauranga 24 ki te 48 ka taea e ngā tīma hangarau mōhiohio te whakahaere i ngā hononga kaiwhakamahi maha i te wā kotahi.

3. Kei ngā pokapū raraunga ngā pouaka reti-waho e mau ana i te whatanga e mōhiotia ana ko ngā panera papaki e tū ana i runga i ngā whatanga 19-inihi. Kei roto i ēnei pouaka ngā mea e honoa ai, e whakapiripiri ai, e rokiroki ai, kia pai ai, kia ātaahua ai hoki ngā taura, ā, kia ngāwari ai te whakarerekē.

4. Ka whakamahia ēnei e ngā whatunga hou mō ngā whare atamai, ngā pūnaha haumarutanga, me ngā whakatinanatanga o te IoT ina hiahiatia he hononga muka tere, haumaru hoki mō te tini o ngā taputapu. I te mea he maha ake ngā wāhi e huri ana hei mamati, kei te piki haere tonu te hiahia mō ngā whakamutu muka whakahaere.

Ngā Painga

Mā ngā pouaka whakamutu ka ma, ka haumaru, ka taea hoki te kite i ngā hononga muka. Ka whakaitihia te paru, ka whakaitihia hoki te tūponotanga o te pakaru o ngā waea. Mā ngā tauranga me ngā tapanga mārama, ka tere ake te kimi i te taura tika. Ka taea e ngā tohunga hangarau te hono i ngā hiku poaka ki roto, te hono i ngā pekepeke, me te tapahi i ngā taura papaki hei hiku poaka kia tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga motuhake. Mā tēnei whirihoranga ka tere te whakatikatika, te whakapai ake rānei i ngā taputapu, ā, ka iti ake te wā e kore ai e mahi. Ka whakanuia e ngā pouaka te wā mahi o te whatunga, ā, ka maeneene te haere o ngā huringa a meake nei.

Ngā Here

Ahakoa he pouaka pakitara iti, kāore he wāhi mōna. Me tāuta auaha ngā wāhi kuiti, ngā whare tawhito rānei, ā, kāore pea e uru ki ngā pouaka noa. Me tāpiri atu he pouaka, he whata rānei ki ngā tāutanga nunui e nui ake ana i te pouaka 24 tauranga, 48 tauranga rānei, ka raru pea. Kāore ngā pūnaha tawhito katoa e rite ana ki ngā pouaka hou, nō reira me whakamahi pea koe i ngā urutau, i ngā hononga hou rānei kia uru pai ai ngā mea.

Te Mārama ki ngā Pouaka Honohono

He wāhanga nui te pouaka honohono muka whatu ki te hanganga whatunga o ēnei rā. He aha ai? Nā te mea he pouaka honohono - ko tana mahi he here i ngā taura muka whatu e rua ki roto i tētahi taura roa ake, kia rere ai ngā raraunga me te iti o te ngaronga. Ko ēnei pouaka, e mōhiotia ana ko ngā pouaka honohono muka whatu, ka mahi i te honohono hanumi hei hono i ngā matua iti i roto i ia muka. Mā tēnei ka mau tonu te pono o ngā tohu mārama. Ka whai wāhi ngā hiku poaka ki roto i te maha o ngā pouaka honohono. He hononga kei te hiku poaka i tētahi pito, ā, he muka tahanga kei tētahi atu. Ka whakarewaina te pito e kitea ana ki te matua muka, ā, ka pāwhiri te hononga ki roto i tētahi kōwae, i tētahi taputapu whakawhiti rānei.

Ngā tono

Ka whakamahia e koe ngā pouaka honohono i ngā wāhi katoa e hiahia ana koe ki te hono, ki te wehe rānei i ngā taura muka. Ka puta ēnei i roto i ngā whakawhitinga waea o te tāone nui, i ngā whatunga muka-whatu ā-motu, tae atu ki ngā whirihoranga whare tari ā-rohe. Ko tā rātou mahi matua he tohatoha, he tiaki, he whakarite i ngā hononga muka, inā koa i ngā wāhi kapi rawa ngā taura. I roto i ngā pokapū raraunga kī tonu i te tangata, ka taea e ēnei pouaka te honohono i ngā muka maha i te wā kotahi, ka whakanui ake i te whānui o te taura me te kapinga whatunga. Ka takarohia ki waho me roto hoki. Mō ngā mahi o waho, pērā i te tuku muka ki raro i te poraka, mai i tētahi tāone ki tētahi atu rānei, ka tiakina e ngā pouaka honohono ngā hononga mai i te ua, te puehu, me te hau. I roto, ka iri i roto i ngā whata, i runga rānei i ngā pakitara, hei tiaki i ngā honohono me te whakarite i ngā muka. Me mataara koe ki ngā pouaka honohono mēnā kei te mahi koe i te FTTH, i te FTTP rānei, he maha ngā kāinga, ngā tari rānei e hiahia ana ki ngā hononga muka tere-tere, pono hoki.

Ngā Painga

Ko tētahi painga nui ko te kaha o ngā tohu mārama e mau tonu ana i ngā pouaka honohono. Ka tata pai te hononga o ngā muka ki ngā hononga honohono, nō reira he iti noa te tohu e ngaro ana i te hononga. Ka rere tere, ka tere hoki te rere o ngā mōhiohio, ahakoa i tawhiti rawa. Tērā pea kei roto i ngā pouaka honohono tētahi momo hononga, pērā i te FC, SC, LC, ST rānei, e āhei ai te whirihora i ngā momo whatunga katoa. Mā ēnei ka māmā ake te whakahaere i ngā whirihoranga taura uaua, e wātea ana i roto i ngā whirihoranga tauranga 4, 12, 24, 48, tae atu ki te 96. Mā te hanganga pakari o ēnei pouaka ka roa ake te ora o ō hononga muka, nā te mea ka tiakina tonutia ngā hononga ngawari mai i te pānga, te makuku, me ngā paru.

Ngā Here

Āe, ehara ngā pouaka honohono i te mea pai mō ngā mahi katoa. He uaua te whakatū, nā te mea me whai ringa mātau me ngā taputapu motuhake te honohono honohono. I ngā wāhi kuiti, i ngā whata kīkī rānei, he uaua te kimi i te muka tika, ka whakaroa i ngā whakatikatika. Ehara i te mea he pai ngā pouaka honohono katoa mō ngā whatunga katoa—ko ētahi momo he hononga motuhake, he rahi taura rānei, ka raru pea mēnā me whakapai ake, me whakawhiti rānei i ngā mea ā muri ake nei. Me aro atu ki ngā pouaka o waho nā te mea ka taea tonu e ngā huānga, ngā pepeke rānei te kino ki ngā mea o roto.

Ko tēhea Pouaka hei Kōwhiri

Ko te whakatau i waenga i te pouaka whakamutu muka whatu me te pouaka honohono he nui atu i te whiriwhiri i tētahi taputapu anake. Mā te whiriwhiri i te pouaka ka taea te whakatau i te mahi a tō whatunga, te tipu, me ngā utu tiaki. Ko ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te whirihoranga whatunga, te rautaki whakawhānui, me te taiao ka pā ki te whakatau.

Tauwāhi Whatunga

Ka taea e te wāhi e noho ana te whatunga te whakarerekē i te katoa. I ngā poraka tāone kīkī, he iti noa te wāhi, ā, he uaua pea te tomo. Ko te whiriwhiri i te pouaka, he pai te pouaka whakamutu muka kiato me te iti o ngā tauranga, pērā i te whakairi pakitara 12-tauranga, te mea pai rawa atu. Ko ngā tāutanga tāone hoki, e anga atu ana ki ngā pouaka whakairi whatanga e ngāwari ana te uru ki roto i ngā whatanga waea.

I ngā wāhi tuawhenua, ka toro atu ngā whatunga ki ngā tawhiti roa ake, ā, he iti ake te auau o ngā tūnga. He tino pai ngā pouaka honohono muka ki konei nā te mea ka taea e rātou te pupuri i te maha o ngā taura me te whakarato tiaki pakari mō ngā haerenga roa. Ko te tikanga, he iti ake ngā hokinga mai mō ngā whakatikatika i ngā mahi taiwhenua, nō reira, mā te whiriwhiri i tētahi pouaka pakari, he ngāwari hoki te tiaki, ka taea e koe te penapena i ngā hāora e haereere ana koe.

Ko ngā whakaurunga o roto e hiahia ana ki ngā pouaka e hono ana ki te whare, ā, e whakarato ana i te urunga watea mō ngā mahi tiaki. He whai hua ngā momo whakairinga pakitara. Ko ngā whirihoranga o waho e hiahia ana ki ngā pouaka ātete wai me te ātete puehu hei tu atu i ngā awha, te wera, me te makariri. Ko ngā pouaka he nui ake i te 120 nekehanga Celsius ngā ine rewa ka whakahaere i ngā ngaru wera me te tiaki i ngā taura.

He mea nui te watea. I ngā wāhi e uaua ana ki te uru atu ki te pouaka, ko te tauira he maha atu ngā tauranga, hei tauira, he whatanga 48-tauranga, ka whakaiti i ngā nekehanga ki te tāpiri, ki te neke rānei.

Ngā Hiahia o te Ao

Kāore ngā whatunga e noho pūmau mō te wā roa. Ki te whakaaro koe ki te tāpiri kaiwhakamahi, ki ngā taputapu rānei, kia tino whiriwhiria he pouaka kei reira ngā tauranga kau kua rite mō te whakawhānui. He whānuitia ngā rahi o ngā pouaka whakamutu, mai i te 2 tauranga ki te 96 tauranga, kia taea ai e koe te hoko i tētahi pouaka e rite ana ki te hiahia e tumanakohia ana.

He mea nui te tiaki i ngā mea kei te heke mai. Ka tere te neke o te hangarau, ā, tera pea ka puta mai ngā momo muka hou ake, ngā tere tere ake rānei. Mā te whiriwhiri i tētahi pouaka e tautoko ana i te muka aratau-kotahi me te muka aratau-maha ka ngāwari ake te haere. Kia mataara ki ngā au o te rāngai. Ko ngā whakaritenga whānui ake ka akiaki i ētahi atu ki te whiriwhiri i ngā pouaka honohono he wāhi mō ngā taura tāpiri, ā, ka taea te honohono uaua.

He mea nui te whānui o te hononga i te mea he nui ake te hunga e hiahia ana ki ngā tere tere ake. Mō: Ko tēhea Pouaka hei Kōwhiri. Mā te maha o ngā tauranga ka nui ake te whānui o te hononga, nō reira mā te taurite i te rahi o te pouaka ki te tipu e matapaetia ana ka āwhina i a koe ki te karo i ngā whakawhiti i muri mai.

Ngā āhuatanga taiao

Ka taea e te huarere me te puehu te whakapoto i te roa o te ora o te muka. Me tu atu ngā pouaka o waho i te ua, te hau, te wera, me te makariri nui. He mea nui te whiriwhiri i te pouaka tika. Mā te pouaka hiri pai me te ira rewa teitei ka taea e koe te pupuri i ō taura kia maroke, kia tiakina hoki.

Ko te haumākū me ngā panonitanga nui o te pāmahana ka puta he raruraru. Ko ngā rauemi ātete waikura e kore e piko i te wera, i te makariri rānei ngā kōwhiringa matua. Ko te puehu tētahi atu hoariri, inā koa i ngā rohe maroke, hau rānei. Mā ngā hiri ātete puehu ka tiakina ngā pito muka mai i te pakaru o ngā kongakonga iti o te kirikiri.

Mena he paru te wāhi, me aro nui atu ki ngā pouaka honohono me ngā pouaka whakamutu. He mea pai kia whai pouaka kua whakamatautauria i roto i ētahi tautuhinga tino uaua, ina nui te utu mō te wā whakatā.

Ngā Tikanga Pai o te Tāutanga

Me āta whakaaro, me whai rautaki hoki te tāuta i ngā pouaka whakamutu muka whatu. Me whakarite pai, me whai taputapu tika, me aro hoki ki ngā ture e rua. Ka āwhina tēnei ki te whakarite i tētahi whatunga pakari, pakari hoki. Ngā Tikanga Pai mō te Tāutanga… nō reira, me whai noa i te aratohu a te kaihanga me ngā ture ā-rohe.

Te whakarite

• Taura muka whatu (aratau kotahi, aratau maha rānei)

• Pouaka whakamutu, pouaka honohono rānei (me te tatau matua e hiahiatia ana)

• Kutikuti mō ngā pito muka

• Mīhini tango muka (te koti taura me te ārai, te rīpene 1.5 cm)

• Kete honohono honohono, kete honohono ā-mīhini rānei

• Waipiro horoi me ngā tauera kore-mīti

• Ngā here taura me ngā tapanga

• He tīwiri, he kete whakairi rānei (he whatanga pakitara, he whatanga 19-inihi rānei)

• He whare tiaki-IP65/IP66 mō te whakamahinga o waho

• Ngā karapu me ngā mōhiti haumaru

Whakaarohia te tahora i mua i te tīmatanga o te mahi. Tohua te wāhi e takoto ai ngā pouaka, tirohia te kaha o te pakitara, te wāhi rānei e tū ai te whatanga, ka maherehia ngā ara taura. Mā te whakamahere iti nei ka ārai i te taumahatanga o te taura, i ngā piko koi rānei, ka kino ai te kounga o te tohu.

Whakamahia he karapu me he mōhiti i te wā e whakarite ana i te taura. He koi rawa ngā muka karāhe wetekina, ā, he uaua ki te kite. Me pupuri he rūma kia ma hei whakaiti i te puehu ka ārai i ngā tohu.

Kia mahara ki te tirotiro i ngā ture ā-rohe mō ngā tāutanga waea me te whatunga. Kei roto i te nuinga o ngā wāhi he waehere haumaru, he ture ahi rānei e pā ana ki te wāhi ka taea e koe te whakahaere i ngā taura me ngā pouaka tāuta. Mā te mōhio ki ēnei ture ka noho haumaru, ka noho ture hoki te mahi.

Te Whakamate

Ngā Tikanga Pai mō te Tāutanga, tīmata mā te whakairi i te pouaka whakamutunga, i te pouaka honohono rānei ki runga i te pakitara, i te whatanga 19-inihi rānei. Kia tika te āhua, kia piri, kia kore ai e pakaru. Hei whakarite i te taura, tangohia te 1.5 cm o te koti me te ārai, horoia, ka tapahia ki te koki 0.4-tohu.

He iti ake te ngaronga mā te hononga honohono, tata ki te 0.06 dB. He tere ake te hononga ā-ringa, engari ka taea te nui o te ngaronga ki te 0.15 dB. Ko ngā mahi pai mō te tāutanga ko te whakau tonu i ngā taura hei ārai i te nekeneke me te taumahatanga.

Mā te mahi tahi ka tutuki ai te moemoeā — inā koa i roto i ngā whakaurunga nunui. Ka pupuri tetahi tangata i ngā waea, ka hono tetahi atu, ka whakamātautau rānei. Mā te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero tuwhera i waenga i ngā mema o te tīma tāuta ka whakaitihia ngā hapa, ā, ka rere tonu te mahi.

Tōhua ia taura me te tauranga ina oti. Pērā ai, kāore he raruraru ā muri ake nei ina hiahia koe ki te whakanui i te rahi mai i te 12 ki te 144 matua. Whakamahia ngā pouaka IP65, IP66 rānei mēnā kei waho te hanganga.

Manatoko

Kia mahara ki te tirotiro i ngā hononga katoa ina oti koe! Mā te paru noa iho, mā te piko noa iho rānei o te taura ka pakaru te tohu.

Whakamātauria te ngaronga me te OTDR; iti iho i te 0.3 dB mō ia tauranga. Mena he nui te ngaronga, tirohia mēnā he puehu, he hononga kino, he piko kikī rānei.

Kia tūpato ki ngā taura korekore, ngā tapanga ngaro, ngā tatau rānei kāore e hiri pai. Ka taea e ēnei te uru ki roto te puehu, te wai rānei, ā, ka pakaru te hiri.

Tuhia ia taahiraa — he aha te hononga, he aha ngā whakamātautau, kei hea te taura e rere ana. Ngā mahi pai mō te tāutanga.

Ngā Utu Huna

I ētahi wā ka whakanuia te ipurangi muka whatu mō tōna tere me tōna pono. Ahakoa ngā tohunga mohio ki te whakamahi i ngā pouaka whakamutu me te honohono, ka taea e rātou te whiwhi i te pai o ngā mahi. He utu ā-mua, he kaha, me te tiaki tonu. Ahakoa ka heke te pire ā-marama, ka taea e taua haumitanga tuatahi me te kaha tonu te whakararu i te tahua.

Te Whakapaunga Tuatahi

Ehara i te mea iti te utu mō ngā pouaka whakamutu me te honohono. Ka taea te utu mō te whakatūnga 24-tauranga, tae atu ki te utu mahi, tata ki te $150 mō ia momo. Ka piki ake te utu i runga i te maha o ngā tauranga e hiahiatia ana e koe, mēnā rānei kei roto he taura ārai. Ko te utu mō te muka aratau kotahi paerewa mai i te $0.09 ki te $1.49 mō ia putu, ā, ko te utu mō te muka pakari tae atu ki te $13.50.

Kaua e wareware ki ngā mea tāpiri. Ka honoa katoatia ngā taura whakapiri, ngā paepae, me ngā ringaringa. Mō ētahi atu, mā te hoko nui, mā te whakarite rānei i tētahi kirimana kaihoko ka taea te penapena moni, inā koa mō ngā kaupapa nunui. Mā te whakauru i ēnei mea tāpiri ki roto i tō tahua ka ārai i ngā raruraru ā muri ake nei.

Te Pūtea Mahi

Heoi anō, he tere ake te tāuta i tētahi pouaka whakamutu, e 20 ki te 30 meneti te roa mō ia pouaka 12-pūnga. E 40 meneti te roa o te hononga nā te mea he nui ake te mahi tino tika. He wāhanga nui o te pire te mahi, inā koa mēnā e hiahia ana koe ki ngā tohunga hangarau. Mēnā he iti ake ngā hapa, he iti ake te wā kore mahi, ā, he haumaru ake ngā hononga mēnā he ringa whakangungu koe.

Ka piki haere pea ngā utu whakangungu mēnā kāore tō tīma i te mātau. Ahakoa i muri i te tāutanga, me whai tāngata mātau ki te whakamātautau me te whakarerekē.

Te Tiaki mō te Wā Roa

Kāore te tiaki e mutu i muri i te tāutanga. He māmā ake te whakakapi me te whakamātautau i ngā pouaka whakamutu, engari me nui ake te tohungatanga me te aro ki ngā pouaka honohono. Mā ngā tirotiro auau ka noho tonu te tangi, engari mā ngā whakatikatika pēnei i te whakatika i te hononga hapa ka piki haere ngā utu i roto i te wā poto.

He mea mohio te whakamahere kia mau tonu mō te wā roa. Ko te tikanga o tēnei ko te penapena moni mō ngā mahi whakatikatika ā muri ake nei, ngā wāhanga whakakapinga, me te whakangungu anō pea. Whakaarohia te utu katoa o te mana whakahaere. I muri i ētahi tau, ka taea e te muka te utu nui mā te iti o te wā whakamutu me te tere o te mahi.

Whakamutunga

Me whiriwhiri ngā mahi muka whatu i ētahi kōwhiringa mohio. He pai ngā pouaka whakamutu mō ngā whirihoranga e whakawhiti pinepine ana i ngā taputapu, e hiahia ana rānei ki te whakamātautau ngāwari. Ka uru ngā pouaka honohono ki ngā wāhi e hiahia ana ki ngā hononga pakari, pumau, me te iti ake o te tiaki i muri i te tāutanga. Ka tiakina e ngā pouaka e rua ngā hononga, engari he rerekē te mahi a ia momo. Ahakoa he papa tari nui, he rūma tūmau iti rānei, ka taea e te pouaka tika te penapena wā me te whakaiti i ngā hapa. Whakaarohia te nui o te wāhi kei a koe, te maha o ngā taura e hiahiatia ana e koe, me ngā whakatikatika ka puta ake i muri mai. Ka whakatauhia e ngā kōwhiringa e rua te rere o tō rā mahi. Hei whakanui ake i tō whakaritenga, whiriwhiria te pouaka e rite ana ki ō hiahia tūturu. He tohutohu, he kōrero rānei āu hei whakapuaki? Tukuna mai ki raro ka uru atu ki te kōrero.

Ngā Pātai Auau

He aha te rerekētanga matua i waenga i te pouaka whakamutu muka whatu me te pouaka honohono?

Ka whakamutua e te pouaka whakamutu ngā taura muka ki ngā taputapu, ki ngā papaki rānei, kia māmā ai te uru atu. Pouaka whakamutu muka whatu vs. Pouaka honohono muka whatu.

Ka honoa e te pouaka honohono ngā muka whatu e rua, ko te tikanga he hononga pumau.

Āhea ahau me whakamahi i te pouaka whakamutu hei utu mō te pouaka honohono?

Kōwhiria he pouaka whakamutu e hiahiatia ana ngā hononga ngāwari me te tiaki ngāwari. He tino pai mō ngā whakamutu whatunga, ngā pūwāhi tohatoha rānei e hiahia ana ki te ngāwari, ki te whirihoranga anō rānei.

He pai ake te pouaka honohono mō ngā hononga muka tūturu?

Ae, he pai rawa te pouaka honohono mō ngā hononga muka pumau, pumau. Ka tiakina ngā muka honohono, ā, he iti te ngaronga.

Ka taea e au te tāuta i tētahi pouaka honohono muka whatu, i tētahi pouaka honohono rānei māku ake?

He mea pai kia tāutahia mā te ngaio. Mā ngā taputapu me ngā pūkenga tika, ka taea e koe te ārai i ngā kino me te whakamana i te pono o tō whatunga.

He aha ngā utu huna o te whiriwhiri i te pouaka hē?

Mā te tīpako i te pouaka hē ka nui ake te tiaki, te wā kore mahi, me ngā raruraru whatunga pea. Ka nui ake te utu mō ngā whakatikatika me ngā whakakapinga ā muri ake nei.

He paerewa ā-ao kei reira mō ēnei pouaka muka whatu?

Ina hoki, ko ngā paerewa o te ao pēnei i te IEC me te TIA/EIA e whakamōhio ana i te hoahoa me te tono o ngā pouaka whakamutu me ngā pouaka honohono mō te haumaru me te mahi tahi.

Me pēhea taku mōhio ko tēhea pouaka e tika ana mō aku hiahia kaupapa?

Whakaarohia ō hiahia whatunga. Kōwhiria he pouaka whakamutu mēnā e hiahia ana koe ki te ngāwari ake me te maha o ngā huringa. Ko te pouaka honohono he mea hanga mō te hononga pumau, mahi teitei.