Fibre imwe ikwiriye cyane mu itumanaho ry’intambwe ndende kubera umurambararo wayo muto w’imbere wa santimetero 0.000354. Gutinda kwayo gukwirakwira bituma iba nziza mu itumanaho rigezweho no kohereza amakuru ku buryo bwihuse.

Fibre ya Multimode ifite umurambararo munini w’imbere wa santimetero 0.002-0.0025. Iyi miterere igira uruhare mu gutuma ikoreshwa mu ntera ngufi, nko mu miyoboro y’aho iherereye n’aho ikorera amakuru, nubwo ifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gukwirakwiza amakuru.

Akamaro ka fibre imwe ni bandwidth itagira umupaka iyo ukoresheje intera ndende. Imbibi za fibre ya multimode zifite imbogamizi ku ntera n'umuvuduko w'umuvuduko, cyane cyane iyo wohereza amakuru menshi.

Guhitamo hagati ya mode imwe na fiber ya multimode biterwa n'ibintu byihariye nko ibisabwa mu gukoresha, intera, ibikenewe mu ikoranabuhanga, ndetse n'ingengo y'imari.

Nubwo fiber imwe ikunze kugira ibiciro biri hejuru mbere y’igihe, itanga ubushobozi bwo kwagura no kuzigama amafaranga mu gihe kirekire kugira ngo umuyoboro waguke. Ntibitangaje kuba fiber ya multimode ihendutse kandi yihuta kuyikoresha.

Kumenya ingaruka ku bidukikije bigomba kuba ikintu cy'ingenzi kugira ngo birusheho kugira akamaro ka fibre optique. Byongeye kandi, kuba zaguka mu gihe kizaza no kubahiriza amahame ngenderwaho y’inganda bitanga icyizere cy’uko zikora neza kandi zikaramba.

Imiyoboro ya "single mode" na "multimode" biratandukanye mu bunini bwa "core", imikorere n'ikoreshwa ryabyo. Imiyoboro ya "single mode" ifite "core" ntoya, akenshi ifite umurambararo wa mikoroni 8-10. Iyi miterere igufasha kohereza urumuri rwinshi muri "fiber" kandi ikagabanya cyane ingano y'ibimenyetso byatakaye.

Iyi miterere idasanzwe niyo mpamvu ikoreshwa no mu bikorwa byo gukoresha interineti ndende no mu buryo bwo hejuru. Fibre ya Multimode ifite umurambararo wagutse, hafi mikoroni 50-62.5. Iyi miterere idasanzwe ituma itwara inzira nyinshi z'urumuri, kandi ingano yayo nto ituma iba nziza cyane ku ntera ngufi nko mu bigo by'amakuru n'inyubako z'ibiro.

Umwanzuro hagati y’ibyo byombi ukunze gushingira ku ntera, ingengo y’imari, n’umuvuduko rusange ukenewe kuri network. Kumenya uburyo mode imwe na fiber nyinshi bitandukanye bituma umuntu afata amahitamo meza ajyanye n’ibyo akeneye kuri network. Ubu buryo butanga imikorere myiza no kuzigama amafaranga mu bidukikije byose.

 

Uburyo bumwe ugereranije na Fiber ya Multimode

Ikoranabuhanga rya Fiber optique ni ingenzi cyane ubu kurusha mbere hose, kandi gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati ya single mode na multimode fibre ni ingenzi kuri network iyo ari yo yose igezweho. Uburyo bwombi butandukanye mu bwubatsi no mu mikorere, bwagenewe porogaramu zitandukanye bitewe n'intera n'ibikenewe kuri bandwidth. Kumenya izi tandukaniro ry'ingenzi n'uburyo zishobora kugira ingaruka kuri network yawe ni ingenzi kugira ngo utunganye neza network yawe.

1. Sobanura Fiber y'uburyo bumwe

Fibre imwe ifite umurambararo muto w’imbere wa mikoroni zigera kuri 9 (µm), ibyo bikaba bigabanya gukwirakwira kw’ibimenyetso. Iyi miterere ishyigikira kohereza urumuri ku bunini bw’urumuri bwa nanometero 1310 (nm) na 1550 nm, bigatuma habaho igihombo gito mu ntera ndende.

Kubera ubushobozi bwayo bwo gutwara amakuru mu miyoboro ya metro, access, na long-haul, fibre imwe ni inkingi y'ingenzi mu itumanaho. Kwishingikiriza kwayo kuri solid-state lasers bitanga ubwiza n'imikorere myiza mu ntera zagutse, bigatuma iba nziza kuri porogaramu zisaba ubushobozi bwo kureba kure, nka videwo ya 4K na 8K.

2. Sobanura Fibre ya Multimode

Fibre ya Multimode ifite umurambararo w'ibanze ukubye inshuro zirenga 10—ubusanzwe ikaba ifite µm 50—ikemerera inzira nyinshi z'urumuri. Iyi miterere ituma iba nziza cyane ku ikoreshwa ry'intambwe ngufi.

Ni imikorere myiza cyane mu bigo by’amakuru n’imiyoboro y’aho utuye (LANs), aho imiyoboro isanzwe iri munsi ya metero 1.000. Isoko y’urumuri isanzwe ikoreshwa na multimode, yose ikora kuri 850 nm, diode zisohora urumuri cyangwa VCSEL.

Iracyafite akamaro mu bukungu iyo intera iri hasi ya metero 1.969. Ikwirakwira cyane mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga rigabanya uburebure bw'umurambararo n'ubusobanuro bw'amajwi mu ntera ndende.

3. Itandukaniro ry'urumuri mu gutanga urumuri ryasobanuwe

Fibre imwe yohereza urumuri mu buryo butaziguye mu nzira imwe cyangwa mu buryo bumwe. Iyi miterere idasanzwe ituma habaho ubuziranenge budasanzwe bw'amajwi kandi igatuma habaho bandwidth itagira umupaka, ndetse no mu ntera ndende.

Fibre ya Multimode, bitewe n'inzira zayo nyinshi z'urumuri, igenda ikwirakwira cyane, ikagabanya imikorere uko intera yiyongera. Izi tandukaniro zishimangira akamaro ko guhitamo fibre hashingiwe ku bisabwa mu mikorere n'ibisobanuro birambuye ku ikoreshwa.

Ubunini bw'umuyoboro n'ubushobozi bwo kure

Kumenya ubushobozi bwa bandwidth n'intera ya fibres za mode imwe ugereranyije na multimode ni ingenzi. Kubyumva nk'ikintu cy'ingenzi ku rwego rw'igihugu ni ingenzi mu kubaka umuyoboro wa internet uhamye. Buri bwoko bwa fibre bwagenewe ikoreshwa ryihariye, kandi imikorere izatandukana cyane bitewe n'uburyo ikoreshwa.

Hasi hari imbonerahamwe igereranya ibintu by'ingenzi bitandukanye:

Imbibi z'intera ya Multimode

Fibre ya Multimode ni yo nzira nziza yo kohereza ubutumwa ku buryo burambuye mu ntera ngufi. Umurambararo wayo munini w'imbere (kuva kuri 50 kugeza kuri 62.5 μm) wemerera uburyo bwinshi bw'urumuri gukwirakwira icyarimwe.

Gukwirakwiza imirasire y'urumuri mu buryo bwa modal—gukwirakwiza imirasire y'urumuri—bishyiraho umupaka w'intera ifatika ku ihererekanyamakuru. Insinga za OM1 zikora neza ku ntera ya metero 33 cyangwa munsi yayo kuri uyu muvuduko. Ugereranije, insinga za OM4 zishobora kwaguka metero 400 zitangaje.

Fibre ya Multimode ni yo mahitamo meza ku bigo by'amakuru n'imiyoboro ya kaminuza. Ibyo ntibihagije ku miyoboro miremire nko guhuza imijyi.

Uburyo bumwe bwo gukoresha intera ndende

Fibre imwe ifite igice gito cyane cy’imbere, gifite μm 8–10 gusa. Iyi miterere yihariye ituma urumuri rw’uburyo bumwe rutanga urumuri, bigabanya cyane gukwirakwira kw’urumuri kandi bigatuma hatabaho igihombo kinini cyangwa hatabaho.

Ubushobozi bwayo bwo gukora intera ndende buragaragara mu bikorwa byayo, ikora intera irenga ibirometero 40 (40 km) ikoresheje ikoranabuhanga ritanga uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza indege. Ubu bwoko bukoreshwa cyane mu itumanaho, insinga zo munsi y'amazi, no mu bikorwa remezo binini kubera imikorere myiza no kuzigama amafaranga ugereranyije n'uburyo bwo gukoresha indege nyinshi.

Igereranya ry'uburyo bwa Bandwidth ryasobanuwe

Ibisabwa kuri bandwidth n'intera ni byinshi kandi bitandukanye bitewe n'ibidukikije. Fibre ya Multimode iracyari amahitamo yo mu gihe gito kandi ihendutse, mu gihe fibre ya single mode igaragara ifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru (4K/8K), videwo ikenera bandwidth ndetse n'ibisabwa mu gihe kizaza.

Guhitamo ubwoko bukwiye kuva mu ntangiriro bitanga ubushobozi bwo kwagura no gukora neza.

Uburyo Intera Igira Ingaruka ku Buziranenge bw'Ibimenyetso

Kubera ko kugabanya no gukwirakwiza byombi bishobora kwangiza ikimenyetso, gutegura neza intera kugira ngo hirindwe izi ngaruka. Kongera imikorere ku ntera ndende akenshi bisaba gukoresha amplifiers cyangwa ikoranabuhanga ryo gucunga gukwirakwiza.

Ibyiza n'ibibi byabyo

Uburyo bumwe na fiber ya multimode byombi bitanga ibyiza n'ibibi byihariye. Kumenya itandukaniro riri hagati y'ibi bisubizo ni ingenzi mu guhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo gukoresha. Kugira ngo mbigereho, hano hepfo, ndareba buri bwoko kugira ngo nerekane ibyiza n'ibibi byabwo mu buzima busanzwe.

Ibyiza bya Fiber y'uburyo bumwe

Fibre imwe irabagirana cyane mu bikorwa byo kure aho gukwirakwiza modal ari ikintu gikomeye. Ntishobora kwangizwa n’imikorere ya electromagnetic kandi ishyigikira bandwidth ya gigabit 100 hamwe n’intera yo kohereza igera kuri kilometero 62 idasubirwamo.

Ibi bituma ikwiriye cyane cyane gukoresha insinga zo munsi y'inyanja, cyangwa guhuza amashami y'amakuru ari mu birometero amagana uvuye ahandi. Uburyo ikoresha butuma kuvugurura ikoranabuhanga byoroha cyane nta mpamvu yo gusenya ibikorwa remezo bisanzweho, ari na cyo kintu cy'ingenzi kigamije gukumira ejo hazaza.

Fibre imwe ni yo ishyigikira itumanaho rigezweho, nka interineti ya 5G. Iracyari amahitamo meza yo gukemura ibibazo byiyongera.

Ingaruka mbi ku bijyanye na Fiber y'uburyo bumwe

Fibre imwe ifite ibiciro biri hejuru cyane mbere y’igihe, akenshi ihenda inshuro 1.5 kugeza kuri 5 ugereranyije n’ibiciro bya transceivers za multimode. Gushyiraho bisaba ubuhanga bitewe n’uko ingano yayo ari nto, akenshi ingana na mikoroni 8 kugeza kuri 10, hamwe n’ibikoresho byihariye hamwe n’abatekinisiye babihuguriwe.

Ni byiza cyane iyo ukoresheje intera ndende. Nyamara ku bijyanye n'itumanaho rigufi, fibre ya multimode akenshi iba ari amahitamo ahendutse.

Ibyiza bya Fiber ya Multimode

Ikiguzi cyo gushyiraho no gukoresha ibikoresho biragabanuka bitewe n'ingano nini y'inyuma y'icyuma cya multimode, akenshi ikaba ari mikoroni 50, ibyo bigatuma byoroha kuyishyiraho. Ibi bituma igisubizo cyabo kiba cyiza cyane mu buryo bwa nyuma.

Ifite uburebure bugera kuri metero 1.640, ikaba ari nziza cyane ku bigo by’amakuru cyangwa LAN, ikaba itanga ubwikorezi bukomeye ndetse no mu mbogamizi. Ishobora gukoresha urumuri rwinshi, bigatuma amakuru yoherezwa mu buryo buhoraho kandi buri ku rwego rwo hejuru.

Uru rwego rwo koroshya ibintu ruzaba ingirakamaro ku bigo binini bisaba igihe cyihuse cyo gukoresha.

Ingaruka mbi ku bijyanye na fibre ya Multimode

Fibre ya Multimode ifite intera nini n'ubushobozi bwo gukoresha umuvuduko munini. Ntabwo ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu muvuduko mwinshi mu ntera ndende bitewe n'uburyo ikwirakwira mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga (modal dispersion) ndetse n'uburyo ikimenyetso cyayo gitakaza ingufu nyinshi.

Kutagira uburyo bwo kugenzura ejo hazaza bituma idashobora kwihutisha impinduka mu byo ikeneye mu miyoboro.

Ikoreshwa mu buryo bufatika

Kugira ngo wirinde urujijo, reka tuganire ku buryo bwo gukoresha uburyo bumwe n'uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha fibre. Ubwo buryo bugufasha guhitamo neza ibyo ukeneye mu buryo bwihariye. Iyo miterere yabyo ihuriweho, irabifasha gukoreshwa mu bintu bitandukanye.

Ingero zo Gukoresha Uburyo Bumwe

Kubera iyo mpamvu, fibre imwe niyo ikoreshwa cyane mu bijyanye n’intera ndende n’umuvuduko munini w’itumanaho. Ubushobozi bwayo bwo kohereza amakuru mu ntera igera kuri kilometero 62 nta kongera gukoresha ibimenyetso bituma iba nziza ku itumanaho rigenda kure, nko guhuza imijyi cyangwa imigabane binyuze mu nsinga zo munsi y’inyanja.

Ibigo by’itumanaho, serivisi zo mu bicu n’ibigo bya interineti bikoresha uburyo bwa hyperscale byose bishingiye cyane ku mugozi umwe. Iri koranabuhanga, rishyirwa mu bikorwa mu ndege zabo, bivuze ko bizeye ko abakiriya babo bohereza amakuru ku buryo bwihuta kandi butaziguye.

Icya gatatu, utwuma duto twa laser twa mikoroni 9 hamwe n'urumuri rw'uburebure bigabanya ingaruka mbi no kunoza umutekano. Iyi miterere ifasha cyane mu gukoresha ibintu by'ingenzi cyane, nko mu bigo bitanga amakuru biri kure cyangwa guhuza LAN mu ntera nini cyane.

Ingero zo Gukoresha Uburyo Bunini

Ibi bituma fiber ya multimode iba urubuga rwiza rwo gukoresha mu buryo bwihuse, harimo na LAN z'ibigo n'ibigo by'amakuru. Ingano nshya y'ibanze, kuva kuri mikorometero 50 kugeza kuri 62.5, ituma amakuru yoherezwa vuba.

Ihujwe n'amasoko manini y'urumuri, kimwe n'amatara akoreshwa cyane muri iki gihe ya LED, itwara neza imiyoboro myinshi y'urumuri. Fibre ya Multimode ikunze kugaragara cyane mu miyoboro mito, aho intera muri rusange iri munsi ya metero 1.000.

Inganda nk'ubuvuzi, ubucuruzi, n'uburezi zungukira ku kuntu zihendutse kandi zigashobora gukoresha itumanaho ryihuse kandi rigufi, ariko ntizigire ingaruka mbi ku mikorere yazo.

Guhitamo Ibigo by'Amakuru

Mu bikorwa byo mu kigo cy’amakuru, uburyo bwo gukoresha interineti n’intera ni ngombwa cyane. Nanone, fiber ya multimode ni amahitamo meza ku miyoboro migufi, itanga ubworoherane no kwaguka ku miyoboro mishya.

Nubwo fibre imwe ifite ingaruka mbi ku giciro cyayo, ishobora gutuma habaho kuzigama amafaranga menshi mu gihe kirekire mu bijyanye n'amashanyarazi no gukonjesha mu nyubako nini.

Guhitamo imiyoboro y'ibigo

Imiyoboro y'ibigo ihora iri mu gitutu cyo gutanga umusaruro mwinshi, imikorere ihoraho kandi ikwirakwira vuba. Fibre ya Multimode ikora neza mu bikenewe by'igihe gito, ariko mode imwe ni nziza mu iterambere ry'igihe kirekire n'umutekano.

Isesengura ry'Ibiciro

Waba ugereranya uburyo bumwe n'uburyo bwinshi cyangwa upima andi mahitamo, kumenya itandukaniro ry'ibiciro ni ingenzi mu gufata icyemezo gishingiye ku makuru. Buri bwoko bwa fibre bufite ibipimo bitandukanye by'ibiciro bigira ingaruka ku giciro cy'imari n'ikiguzi cy'ibikorwa bihoraho.

Ni ngombwa gupima ibi biciro ugereranije n'ibyo umushinga wawe ukeneye kugira ngo ugere ku kuzigama kw'igihe kirekire.

Kugereranya Ibiciro bya Cable

Insinga za fibre zo mu buryo bumwe zitanga ubwizigame butangaje ku bikoresho binini. Zihendutse kuri buri gice kandi ni nziza cyane mu gukora intera ndende.

Urugero, umuyoboro wa 1G wubatswe na fibre imwe ushobora kugera kuri 10G cyangwa irenga, bigatanga kuzigama hafi 50% ku giciro cya fibre mu gihe kizaza. Kuri izi connection ngufi, fibre nyinshi niyo mahitamo meza.

Ni ikintu ukunze gusanga mu bigo by'amakuru ku burebure bwa metero zirenga 500 (hafi metero 1.800).

Ibipimo by'ikiguzi cya Transceiver

Transceivers ni cyo kintu kinini bigira ingaruka ku kiguzi cya sisitemu. Urugero, transceivers za multimode, nka modules zishingiye kuri VCSEL, zirahendutse gukora kandi ni nziza ku bikoresho bya array.

Nubwo bimeze gutyo, transceivers zo mu bwoko bumwe, nubwo zihenze cyane, zitanga ubushobozi bwo kwaguka no gukora neza mu bikorwa birebire. Uku gutandukana akenshi ni cyo kintu cyonyine gishingirwaho mu guhitamo fibre.

Urugero rumwe rudasanzwe ni ibisabwa kugira ngo itumanaho rya 10G rikoreshe imigozi ya multimode OM3 cyangwa OM4 yinjize hafi 35% ku giciro cya transceiver.

Amafaranga yo gushyiraho no guhagarika

Ikiguzi cyo gushyiraho kiratandukanye cyane bitewe n'umugozi ukoreshwa. Umutima muto w'umugozi umwe usobanura ko imipaka igomba kuba ihamye, ariko ituma imiterere y'intera ndende yoroha.

Imigozi ya Multimode, irangira byoroshye kandi bihenze kurusha uburyo bumwe, ikwiriye cyane aho koroshya no gukora akazi kagufi ari ngombwa—muri sisitemu z’ubucuruzi.

Ingaruka z'Ikiguzi cy'Igihe Kirekire

Ibiciro byo kugabanya no kuvugurura hakoreshejwe imiyoboro ishobora kwaguka bituma fibre imwe iba amahitamo meza, cyane cyane iyo habayeho uburyo bwagutse bwo kurinda ejo hazaza.

Fibre ya Multimode izakomeza kuba ihendutse cyane ku bikorwa byo mu masaha magufi, cyane cyane mu bigo biri muri metero 600.

Guhitamo Fibre Ikwiye

Guhitamo hagati ya single mode na multimode fibre bisaba gusuzuma ikiguzi cyose cy’ubunyamwuga ugereranyije n’ibintu bya tekiniki. Kubikoresha neza bivuze gukoresha imikorere myiza, ikiguzi cyiza, no kubyaza umusaruro ibikorwa remezo by’umuyoboro wawe w’itumanaho mu gihe kizaza.

Suzuma ibikenewe kuri Bandwidth

Gusobanukirwa ibyo usabwa na bandwidth yawe ni ingenzi cyane. Tangira usuzuma ibyo usabwa na porogaramu zawe mu kohereza amakuru. Urugero, ibikorwa bikoresha bandwidth nyinshi nka data centers cyangwa videwo ya 4K akenshi bisaba fibre ifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru.

Fibre imwe, ifite umurambararo muto wa mikoroni 8-10, ishyigikira ikoreshwa rya bandwidth nini mu ntera ndende, ikora neza kuri 1310nm na 1550nm.

Fibre ya Multimode, ifite urufatiro runini rwa mikoroni 50, ikora neza intera ngufi kandi ikora kuri 850nm. Umuyoboro wayo ntarengwa w’itumanaho ugera kuri 28.000MHz * km hamwe na fibre ya OM5, bigatuma idakwirakwira neza mu gihe kirekire kandi ifite bandwidth nyinshi.

Tekereza ku bisabwa kugira ngo ugire intera ihagije

Intera akenshi ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu guhitamo fibre ikwiye. Fibre imwe irabagirana mu bikoresho birebire nko mu bigo bitanga serivisi zihuza ibigo cyangwa amazu, atari ukubera gusa ko nta kimenyetso gikwirakwira.

Mu kugereranya, kugabanya cyane ikimenyetso cya fiber ya multimode bituma bidashoboka kuyikoresha mu ntera ndende. Urugero, multimode irasobanutse mu nyubako z'ibiro cyangwa mu miyoboro ya kaminuza, aho kwita ku kiguzi no gukenera intera ngufi ari byo bihangayikishije cyane.

Suzuma inzitizi z'ingengo y'imari

Ibitekerezo ku ngengo y'imari bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku guhitamo fibre. Nubwo fibre na transceivers bya multimode bifite ikiguzi gito mbere y'igihe, singlemode itanga igisubizo cy'igihe kirekire kandi gihamye mu gihe kizaza ku miyoboro igenda yaguka.

Uburyo bwa Singlemode bwo kwagura ibintu bushobora gutuma ihenda cyane, cyane cyane iyo transceivers zihenze inshuro 1.5 kugeza kuri 5 kurusha izindi multimode.

Gahunda yo Kwagura

Ibikenewe mu gihe kizaza bigomba kuba ingenzi mu byemezo by'uyu munsi. Imiyoboro ya singlemode fibre future proofs ifite bandwidths nyinshi n'ubushobozi bwo gukora intera—ifite ubuhanga mu bikorwa remezo ibyo ari byo byose biri mu iterambere, cyangwa bikenewe.

Nubwo uburyo bwa multimode ari rusange, bufite aho bugarukira bitewe n'intera n'umuvuduko w'amakuru ukenewe.

Imbogamizi mu gutwara abantu mu buryo bwihuse

Nubwo kohereza amakuru yihuta cyane ari ingenzi ku miyoboro y'itumanaho muri iki gihe, hari imbogamizi nyinshi zishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere yayo myiza.

Gutatana no Kugabanya

Gutata no kugabanya ubushobozi bw'itumanaho ni ibintu bibiri bikomeye bigira ingaruka ku bwiza bw'amajwi n'imikorere y'umuyoboro. Byaba gukoresha uburyo bumwe cyangwa fibre nyinshi, gusobanukirwa no kugabanya ibi bibazo ni ngombwa kugira ngo sisitemu irusheho gukora neza.

Gutatanya muri Fiber ya Multimode

Ukwirakwira kwa modal bibaho muri fibre ya multimode iyo uburyo butandukanye bw'urumuri burimo gukwirakwira ku muvuduko utandukanye. Ibi biterwa n'ingirangingo nini ya mikoroni 50. Ibi bituma ikimenyetso gikwirakwira, bigatuma kidasobanutse neza mu ntera ndende.

Fibre ya Multimode ikora neza ku miyoboro migufi kandi ifite bandwidth nyinshi, bityo ikaba ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu bigo by'amakuru. Nyamara ikwirakwizwa rya modal rigabanya ubushobozi bwayo bwo kurenza metero amagana. Fibre za graded-index zigira akamaro kanini mu kugabanya gutinda kwa mode.

Muri icyo gihe, laser zisohora ubuso buhagaze neza (VCSELs) zinoza uburyo ibimenyetso bihurirana, zigatanga ubundi buryo bwo kwirinda izi ngaruka. Imiyoboro ya grid ikora imiyoboro ifite intera nyayo n'uburyo umuyoboro wa bandwidth ukeneye kuva utangiye gukora, ibi bikaba biyishyiraho kugira ngo ikore neza cyane.

Kugabanya ubushobozi bwo ku ...

Fibre imwe, bitewe n’uko ifite urufatiro ruto rwa mikoroni 9, iragabanuka bitewe n’ubwiyongere bw’umuvuduko, imyanda, no kugabanuka kw’umuvuduko. Iyo ikora ku bunini bw’urumuri nka 1310nm cyangwa 1550nm, yemerera kohereza ubutumwa buhendutse, burebure kandi buri kure cyane, kandi bufite umuvuduko muto cyane ushoboka.

Kugabanya cyane uburyo Multimode ikoresha bigabanya cyane gukenera repeaters zihenze, bigatuma uburebure bw'imihanda burushaho kuba bwiza. Guhitamo fibre ya single mode igezweho no gukurikiza uburyo bwiza bwo kuyishyiramo ni uburyo bubiri bukomeye bwo kunoza ubwizigirwa bw'umuyoboro w'itumanaho no kuba inyangamugayo ku majwi.

Gutsinda Imbogamizi zo Gukwirakwiza Imodoka

Imiyoboro y'uburebure ifite uburebure buto ni ingenzi kugira ngo ubushobozi bwo kongera. Ikoranabuhanga rishya nka dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) rishobora kongera ubushobozi bwa fibre imwe binyuze mu gushyira imiyoboro y'uburebure ku buryo buto.

Gusana neza, kunoza ibikorwa byayo, hamwe n'ibikoresho bigezweho nk'imashini zihuza neza bifasha sisitemu gukomeza gukora neza.

Ingaruka zo kwangirika kw'ibimenyetso

Byaba ari ukugabanya umuvuduko binyuze mu bimenyetso nko gukwirakwira cyangwa kugabanuka kw'umuvuduko, ibi bintu bigira ingaruka ku muvuduko no ku kwizerwa. Gukurikirana neza ni ingenzi.

Ibikoresho nka optique time-domain reflectometers (OTDR) birinda ibibazo no kwiyongera mbere yuko biva mu buryo butunguranye kandi bihenze.

Gushobora Kwagura no Kuvugurura Umuyoboro wa interineti

Gupima ubushobozi bwo gukoresha uburyo bwa "Scablingability" bituma ibikorwa remezo byawe bihinduka bitewe n'abakoresha benshi, ibikoresho, ndetse n'urujya n'uruza rw'abantu rwiyongera hatabayeho kuvugurura cyane. Insinga za fibre optique, cyane cyane ubwoko bwa single-mode na multimode, zigira uruhare runini mu kugena uburyo imiyoboro ishobora kwaguka no kuzamuka neza.

Guhamya Izaza ry'Umuyoboro Wawe

Gusuzuma ibihe bizaza bitangirira ku gusobanukirwa ubwoko bw'imigozi ijyanye n'ibyo umuryango wawe wifuza kureba mu gihe kirekire. Imigozi ifite imiterere imwe ifite inkingi ya mikoroni 9 kandi ikunze gukoreshwa ku muvuduko wa 1310 nm cyangwa 1550 nm. Ifite igishushanyo cyibanda ku buziranenge n'uburebure, ni nziza ku miyoboro igomba kwaguka.

Ibiciro byayo mu gukora ndetse n'ibiciro bya transceivers biri hejuru, ariko ibyo ntibibuza ko bihagarara. Iyo ukoresheje uburyo bwo kohereza amakuru bugenda neza n'uburyo bworoshye bwo gukoresha interineti, ubu buryo ni igisubizo cy'ingenzi mu gihe kizaza. Gutegura iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga mu gihe kizaza, harimo no kwimukira kuri 5G na IoT, bitanga umusaruro mu guhitamo fibre.

Urugero, fata urugero rw'uko abakora itumanaho benshi bashingira cyane ku mugozi umwe w'itumanaho, bitewe n'ubushobozi bwawo bwo gukemura ibibazo by'amakuru n'ibisabwa mu gihe kizaza.

Gutegura iterambere ry'uburyo bwa Bandwidth

Ubusabe bw'ikoranabuhanga buriyongera cyane mu nzego nk'ubuvuzi, aho ubuvuzi bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga n'amashusho bisaba amakuru menshi, cyangwa mu burezi bufite urubuga rwo kwigira kuri interineti. Fibre y'uburyo bumwe ihura n'ibi byifuzo binyuze mu gutanga igihombo gito gishoboka cy'amakuru mu ntera iremereye.

Gutera imbere kwayo kugeza ku gipimo cy’amakuru kiri hejuru cyane—ndetse no ku rugero rwa terabit—bikomeza imiyoboro ikomeye mu gihe ibitero bikwirakwira cyane. Kumenya ibisabwa mu gihe kizaza mu gihe umushinga utegurwa birinda kwaguka guhenze n’ibindi bikorwa bishya bizakorwa nyuma y’umurongo.

Kuvugurura ibikorwa remezo bya Fiber

Kuvugurura bisaba gusuzuma ubushobozi buriho n'intego z'ejo hazaza. Kugira ngo tugabanye ibibazo ku rugero ruto rushoboka, gushyira mu bikorwa mu byiciro ni ngombwa.

Urugero, guhinduranya fibre ya multimode ukayishyiramo fibre ya single-mode mu bigo by’amakuru ni uburyo bwiza bwo kongera imikorere mu gihe ugerageza ejo hazaza kugira ngo ukomeze kuba imbere y’ibikenewe.

Kumenyera ikoranabuhanga rishya

Gukomeza kumenya udushya dushya hamwe na fibre byongera imikorere myiza n'ubushobozi. Uburezi buhoraho bufasha amashyirahamwe gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho harimo no gukwirakwiza uburebure bw'urukiramende kugira ngo agere ku buryo bworoshye.

Umwanzuro

Umenye itandukaniro riri hagati ya single-mode na multimode fibre, uzaba ufite ubushobozi bwo gufata ibyemezo by'ubwenge ku byo umuyoboro wawe ukeneye. Single-mode fibre ni nziza cyane mu guhuza intera ndende n'imiyoboro yihuta kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru, mu gihe multimode fibre ikwiriye intera ngufi no mu bidukikije bikoresha ingengo y'imari. Buri bwoko bufite ibyiza byabwo. Hitamo ubwoko buzagufasha neza ibyo umushinga wawe ukeneye - kuva ku ngengo y'imari, kugeza ku kwaguka, kugeza ku ntego z'imikorere.

Amahitamo ayo ari yo yose atanga ibisubizo byizewe kandi byiteguye mu gihe kizaza ku miyoboro y'itumanaho y'iki gihe. Guhitamo ikwiye bigufasha kongera imikorere no kugabanya gukenera kuvugurura amafaranga menshi mu gihe kizaza. Gukoresha ikigo cy'amakuru y'ikigo, kuvugurura umuyoboro wa kaminuza y'ikigo cyangwa gushyiraho ibikorwa remezo kugira ngo byifashishe amahirwe mashya y'ubucuruzi? Ibikorwa remezo byiza Fibre ikwiye ishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kuri buri kibazo—mu buryo bwiza! Kugira ngo ugere ku musaruro mwiza, hitamo ukurikije icyo ugamije kugeraho n'ingano y'umuyoboro wawe.

 

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa

Ni irihe tandukaniro nyamukuru riri hagati ya fibre ya single-mode na multimode?

Itandukaniro rikomeye ni ingano y'umutima. Fibre y'uburyo bumwe ifite umutima muto (hafi mikoroni 8-10), ituma habaho uburyo bumwe bw'urumuri, mu gihe fibre y'uburyo bwinshi ifite umutima munini (mikoroni 50-62.5) ku buryo bwinshi bw'urumuri. Ibi bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku ntera n'ubushobozi bwabyo bwo gukoresha umuyoboro w'itumanaho.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa fibre bwiza mu kohereza amakuru mu ntera ndende?

Fibre y’uburyo bumwe irushaho kugira akamaro mu kohereza amakuru mu ntera ndende. Iri koranabuhanga nta gihombo cy’amakuru rigira kandi rituma habaho bandwidth nyinshi cyane mu ntera ndende. Ibi byose ni impamvu ari byiza ku bigo by’itumanaho n’amakuru.

Ese fibre ya multimode ihendutse kurusha fibre ya single-mode?

Ubwoko bwa fibre ni ingenzi Yego, fibre ya multimode ihendutse. Insinga n'ibikoresho bijyana nayo, harimo na transceivers, birahendutse ugereranyije na sisitemu imwe. Ibi bituma iba amahitamo meza yorohereza igihe cyo gukoresha igihe gito.

Ni ibihe bintu bisanzwe bikoreshwa kuri fibre imwe?

Fibre y’uburyo bumwe ikomeje kuba ikoranabuhanga rikunzwe cyane mu itumanaho rigenda kure no mu miyoboro ya metro area. Igaragara cyane mu buryo bworoshye bwo gukoresha interineti nka interineti n’amakuru manini.

Ese fibre ya multimode ishobora gushyigikira umuvuduko wa 10Gbps?

Yego, fiber ya multimode ishobora gushyigikira umuvuduko wa 10Gbps, ariko gusa mu ntera ngufi, ubusanzwe kugeza kuri metero 1.000 ukoresheje insinga za OM3 cyangwa OM4 multimode.

Nigute nahitamo hagati ya fibre ya single-mode na multimode kuri network yanjye?

Tekereza ku ntera n'ibisabwa kuri interineti y'umuyoboro wawe. Muri rusange, uburyo bumwe bukwiranye neza n'ibikenewe kuri interineti ndende cyangwa bandwidth nini mu gihe uburyo bwinshi bukora ku miyoboro migufi kandi ihendutse nko mu nyubako cyangwa muri kaminuza.

Ese fibre zo mu bwoko bumwe ni nziza mu kwaguka?

Yego, fibre zo mu bwoko bumwe ni nziza cyane mu kwagura ubushobozi bwazo bwo guhangana n’umuvuduko mwinshi w’itumanaho n’intera ndende bituma ziba nziza mu kuvugurura umuyoboro w’itumanaho mu gihe kizaza ndetse no mu gihe gishya cyo kohereza ubutumwa bwihuse.