Isesengura ryimbitse rya G.657.A1, G.657.A2 na G.657.B3

2026-07-13

Bitewe no kohereza FTTH Fiber mu rugo, ikigo cy’amakuru cya AI, 5G fronthaul, insinga z’imbere mu nzu, itumanaho rito rya FPV drone ndetse no kuvugurura inyubako ku isi yose, fibre gakondo ya G.652D ifite uburyo bumwe ihura n’ikibazo cyo gutakaza imbaraga cyane no kugabanya umwanya w’insinga, ibyo bikaba bibangamira cyane imiterere y’imiyoboro y’itumanaho yihuta cyane. Yakozwe na ITU-T, fibre ya G.657 series bend-insensitive single-mode yakozwe by’umwihariko ku mfuruka nto, insinga nini n’imiyoboro mito. Ibyiciro bitatu by’ibicuruzwa bikuru, fibre isanzwe ya G.657.A1 irwanya imbaraga, fibre ihamye ya G.657.A2 na fibre idashobora imbaraga ya G.657.B3 irwanya imbaraga cyane, ikoresha imiterere itandukanye ya refractive index, kandi igaragaza itandukaniro mu mibare mito ya refractive, umurambararo w’ubutaka n’imikorere yo kugabanya imbaraga. Itanga serivisi zuzuye kuva ku nsinga zihendutse zo mu rugo kugeza ku nsinga zidasanzwe.

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1. Sisitemu Isanzwe ya ITU-T G.657: Logique y'ibanze ya tekiniki y'icyiciro cya A n'icyiciro cya B Fibers

Verisiyo iheruka kuvugururwa ya ITU-T G.657 ishyira imiyoboro imwe mu byiciro bibiri by’ingenzi: Icyiciro cya A (imiyoboro ihuza ibintu n’ibindi) n’Igiciro cya B (imiyoboro irwanya imiyoboro irwanya imiyoboro). Intego nyamukuru y’igishushanyo ni ukugabanya igihombo cyo kugonda macro no gutakaza imiyoboro iterwa no kuva kw’imirasire y’urumuri nyuma yo gugonda fibre.

1.1 Uburyo bwo gutakaza Fibre

Fibre isanzwe ifite ubushobozi bwo gufunga urumuri ku gice cy’imbere cy’urumuri. Iyo imaze gupfundika, uburyo bwo kuyobora buhindurwamo uburyo bwo gusohora urumuri, maze ingufu z’urumuri zigakwirakwira ku gice cy’imbere cy’urumuri kugira ngo birusheho kugabanuka. Nyuma yo gupfundika inshuro nyinshi mu miyoboro mito, igihombo cyiyongeranye kizatera gucika kwa interineti, gutakaza paki ku miyoboro yo kohereza ubutumwa yihuta ya 10G/40G, gutitira kw’ibimenyetso bya videwo n’ibindi bibazo bikomeye by’itumanaho. Fibre zose za G.657 zikoresha imiterere y’umurongo wo kohereza ubutumwa ufasha mu gupfundika: umuyoboro wo kohereza ubutumwa bugufi hagati y’igice cy’imbere n’igice cy’inyuma cy’urumuri kugira ngo hubakwe uruzitiro rwo kohereza ubutumwa bwa photon rugabanya cyane gusohoka kw’ingufu z’urumuri mu gihe cyo gupfundika. Hagati aho, zigumana ubushobozi bwo kohereza ubutumwa bugufi mu gice cy’imbere cy’urumuri no mu gice cyuzuye cy’urumuri, zishyigikira kohereza ubutumwa bwa GPON, 10G EPON, CWDM na DWDM mu gice cy’itumanaho cya O/S/C/L (1260–1625 nm).

1.2 Gushyira Fibers zo mu cyiciro cya A (G.657.A1 & G.657.A2)

G.657.A1 na G.657.A2 feature mode field diameter (MFD) hafi ya fibre isanzwe ya G.652D single-mode, kuva kuri 8.6 μm kugeza kuri 9.5 μm kuri 1310 nm. Igihombo cya Bidirectional fusion splicing hamwe n'ibikoresho by'itumanaho bihari, fusion splicers, optical modules na optical splitters bigenzurwa munsi ya 0.1 dB. Nta gikenewe gusimbuza ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bihari, bituma biba byiza mu kuvugurura network ya kera no mu mishinga minini ya FTTH ihuza imikorere n'uburyo bwo guhangana n'impinduka.

1.3 Aho Fibre yo mu cyiciro cya B iherereye (G.657.B3)

G.657.B3 ikoresha imiterere y’imiyoboro miremire kandi yagutse y’ibice byinshi kugira ngo irusheho kugabanya umurambararo w’umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi no kugera ku mwanya ukomeye cyane w’umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi mu murongo wose wa G.657, ifite umurambararo muto wo kugonda uri hasi ya mm 5. Ishobora kwihuza n’imirongo mito idafite imigozi myinshi, insinga z’imbere za robots, imigozi myiza imbere muri drones za FPV, hamwe n’ibice by’inyuma by’amabati ya seriveri afite ubucucike bwinshi. Ihindagurika ni ukuvanga neza gato na fibre ya G.652D ugereranije n’imigozi ya Category A; abubatsi bagomba kunoza ibipimo byo gusohora amashanyarazi kugira ngo bagenzure igihombo kinini mu gihe cyo gushyiraho.

2. Igereranya ry'ibipimo by'ibanze bya tekiniki kuri G.657.A1, G.657.A2 na G.657.B3 mu buryo butambitse

Ubwinshi bw'umurambararo n'igihombo cya macro-bending ni byo bimenyetso by'ingenzi bigaragaza imiterere itatu ya fibre. Dukurikije ibipimo bya ITU-T, amakuru yose y'igihombo apimwa hakoreshejwe umuyoboro umwe uzungurutse kuri silinda y'umurambararo runaka, hamwe n'idirishya rya 1550 nm nk'igipimo ngenderwaho cyo kohereza serivisi ya interineti.

2.1 Ibipimo by'Uburinzi bwo Kuzigama

Fibre isanzwe ya G.657.A1 irwanya imigozi
Umwanya muto wemewe wo kugonda: mm 10; igihombo cy'inyongera cyo kugonda macro ≤0.75 dB kuri 10 mm 10 ku murambararo umwe kuri 1550 nm, ≤1.5 dB kuri 1625 nm.
Ikwiriye inkingi z'inkuta zisanzwe za 90°, imiyoboro isanzwe ya PVC idakoresha ingufu nyinshi ndetse n'insinga ziri mu dusanduku tw'imiyoboro, hamwe n'ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira amakosa yo hagati mu mikorere yo gupfunyika.
Fibre yongerewe irwanya kugonda ya G.657.A2
Umwanya muto wemewe wo kugonda: mm 7.5; igihombo cy'inyongera cyo kugonda macro ≤0.5 dB kuri uruziga rumwe rwa mm 7.5 kuri 1550 nm, ≤1.0 dB kuri 1625 nm.
Ubudahangarwa bwo kunama bwazamutseho 40% ugereranije na G.657.A1. Yabaye fibre isanzwe ikoreshwa ku nsinga za FTTH ku isi yose, ikaba ishobora kunyura mu buryo bworoshye mu mwobo ufunganye wo ku rukuta n'impeta nini zo gucunga insinga.
Fiber yihariye ya G.657.B3 Ultra-Bend-Insomyo
Umwanya muto wemewe wo kugonda: mm 5; igihombo cy'inyongera cyo kugonda macro ≤0.5 dB kuri 5 mm imwe kuri 1550 nm, ≤1.0 dB kuri 1625 nm.
Itanga umusaruro wo kugorora wo ku rwego rwo hejuru muri serivise yose ya G.657, yihanganira gupfunyika gukomeye kenshi, gupfunyika neza kw'inguni y'iburyo no gushyiraho imiterere ikomeye imbere mu miyoboro mito nta gutakaza gukomeye kw'igorora.

2.2 Ibipimo by'Uburyo bwo Kugabanya Ingufu z'Umucyo ku Isi

Ibyiciro byose uko ari bitatu ni insinga zo mu rwego rwo hasi rw’amazi zikuraho uburebure bwa 1383 nm bwo kugabanya ubushobozi bwo kwinjiza amazi, zifite amahame y’ubumwe bw’ubunini bw’umugozi wose kandi nta ngaruka mbi ku ntera ntarengwa yo kohereza:

Kugabanya umuvuduko mwinshi ku idirishya rya 1310 nm: ≤0.35 dB/km
Kugabanya cyane amazi ku kidirishya cy'amazi cya 1383 nm: ≤0.35 dB/km
Kugabanya umuvuduko mwinshi ku idirishya rya 1490 nm: ≤0.24 dB/km
Kugabanya umuvuduko mwinshi ku idirishya rya 1550 nm: ≤0.20 dB/km
Kugabanya umuvuduko mwinshi ku idirishya rya 1625 nm: ≤0.23 dB/km
Umurambararo w'umurambararo wa 125 μm, ikosa ryo gufunga hagati y'inkingi ≤0.5 μm, umuvuduko wo gusuzuma ≥0.69 GPa, n'imbaraga zihagije zo gukurura kugira ngo zihangane no gukurura mu gihe cyo gukurura imiyoboro yo hanze no mu nzu. Ibipimo bya polarisation mode dispersion (PMD) bishyigikira kohereza 10G, 40G na 100G ku muvuduko muremure.

2.3 Guhuza Guhuza no Guhuza Imiterere ya Fusion

G.657.A1: Irahuye neza na G.652D; nta guhindagurika kw'ibura rya fusion iyo ivanze n'imiyoboro ya kera. Imashini zikoresha fusion zishaje ntizisaba guhindura ibipimo, bigatuma iba amahitamo meza yo kuvugurura umurongo mugari w'itumanaho mu mijyi minini.
G.657.A2: Ihuza neza na G.652D; ni ukuboneka kw'ingufu zitari zo za OTDR rimwe na rimwe gusa, zishobora gukurwaho hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bisanzwe by'umwuga byo guhuza. Bigira uburinganire bwiza hagati yo guhuza no kudahuza.
G.657.B3: Umwanya muto w’ubuso bw’aho ibintu biherereye; igihe kirekire cyo gusohora no guhindura imiterere y’inkingi nziza birakenewe iyo ukoresheje fibre ya G.652D ishaje. Ntibyemewe kuvanga mu mishinga minini y’imirongo, mu gihe imishinga mishya yihariye y’insinga idafite imbogamizi zo guhuza ibintu.

2.4 Ibikoresho fatizo n'umuvuduko w'ibiciro (Ikimenyetso cy'isoko ry'ibinyabutabire ku isi, 2026)

Kugereranya igiciro cya fibre yambaye ubusa cyahoze ari uruganda kuri kilometero imwe n'ikiguzi cyuzuye cyo gutunganya insinga z'amashanyarazi:

G.657.A1: Ikoranabuhanga ryoroshye ryo gutunganya imiyoboro y'amazi mu buryo buciriritse rifite igiciro gito cyane cy'ibikoresho fatizo, riri hejuru ya 10% gusa ugereranyije na G.652D, igisubizo cyiza cyo kugenzura ikiguzi cy'imishinga minini y'ubuhanga.
G.657.A2: Imbere y’umuyoboro wa teren ifite imirasire ibiri yakozwe neza, ikiguzi cyayo cyiyongereyeho 20%. Ifite umubare munini w’ibicuruzwa ku isi hamwe n’ikiguzi n’imikorere bingana, ikoreshwa cyane n’abakora itumanaho mu gutanga amasoko rusange.
G.657.B3: Imashini ya nano-trench ifite urwego rwinshi ifite uburyo bwo gusukura no gukurura bugoye; igiciro cya fibre kiri hejuru ya 30% ugereranyije na G.657.A1. Ikoreshwa cyane cyane ku nsinga za optique zigezweho n'insinga z'imbere mu bikoresho by'ubuhanga, kandi ikenewe cyane mu mishinga isanzwe ya internet ya gisivili.

3. Itandukaniro ryimbitse mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora ibintu mu byiciro bitatu bya fibre

3.1 Uburyo bworoshye bwo gushushanya umuyoboro umwe kuri G.657.A1

Iyi fibre preform ikoresha gusa igishushanyo mbonera cya single-layer shallow trench doping, ifite ubushyuhe bwinshi bwo gukurura n'umusaruro urenga 98%, ishyigikira umusaruro uhoraho. Imiterere ya fibre shallow trench igumana umurambararo wa mode field hafi ya single-mode fibre isanzwe, igabanya ubukana bwo kunama kugira ngo ihuze neza kandi ihenze. Inganda zikomeye zikora fibre zo mu gihugu zigumana ububiko buhagije n'ingendo ngufi zo gutanga kuri ubu buryo, zigakorera imishinga y'ibanze ya FTTH mu bigo bito n'ibiciriritse ku masoko ari kuzamuka ku isi.

3.2 Uburyo bwo guhuza imiyoboro ibiri ya G.657.A2

Imiyoboro y’ifatizo ya refractive index ifite ibyiciro bibiri ikikije insinga y’umunyu, ifite ubujyakuzimu n’ubugari byayo bigenwe hakurikijwe amabwiriza ya ITU-T. Iyi nzira igera ku buringanire butunganye hagati yo gukurura ubudahangarwa, ubukana bwo kunama no guhuza imikorere yayo. Kuri ubu, hejuru ya 65% by’ibicuruzwa bya fibre ku isi mu 2026 ni G.657.A2, ari yo nsinga isanzwe ikoreshwa mu nsinga zigwa, insinga zifunganye zo mu nzu hamwe n’insinga nto. Amabwiriza aturutse mu Majyepfo y’Uburasirazuba bwa Aziya, Afurika n’imishinga y’ibikorwa remezo bya interineti by’i Burayi akomeje kwiyongera uko umwaka utashye.

3.3 Uburyo bwihariye bwo gushushanya umuyoboro w’amazi wimbitse wa G.657.B3

Imiterere y'imiyoboro y'amazi ifite intera eshatu igaragara neza, isaba ubuhanga bwa mikoroni kugira ngo ikoreshwe mbere yo gupima no kugenzura ubushyuhe mu gihe cyo gushushanya fibre hamwe no kwihanganira amakosa make. Umusaruro w'umusaruro ugabanuka kugera kuri 90%, bigabanya ubushobozi bwose bwo gukora. Gufunga umurima w'urumuri rwinshi bituma G.657.B3 ikora neza nubwo yakwiyongera gufungana ku buryo burambuye kuri radius nto ya mm 5 nta gutakaza ubushobozi bwo gufunga mikoro na macro byiyongera. Ni iya fibre yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, ifite ububiko buke bwo hanze kandi itwara igihe kirekire cyo gutanga ibicuruzwa byinshi.

4. Guhitamo neza bishingiye ku miterere: Imbibi z'ikoreshwa rya G.657.A1, A2 na B3 (Ibikubiye mu nyandiko by'ingenzi ku bakiriya b'ubucuruzi n'ubwubatsi mu mahanga)

4.1 Ibintu Bishoboka kuri G.657.A1 (Ubukungu Rusange bw'Insinga)

Gushyira FTTH mu nyubako z’amagorofa menshi zifite imiyoboro minini y’inzira n’imfuruka nke;
Kuvugurura umurongo wa interineti w’abaturage ba kera hamwe no kongera ubushobozi bw’imiyoboro isanzwe ya G.652D splitter;
Imiyoboro y'amazi yo hanze y'ibigega by'inganda n'insinga zihagaze mu miyoboro y'amashanyarazi idakomeye mu mwanya uri hagati;
Imishinga yo mu cyaro no mu mijyi ikoresha ingengo y'imari nto, ibikorwa remezo bya interineti bihendutse mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere;
Insinga zisanzwe zo mu biro by'ikigo zifite aho zihurira n'insinga zihagije kandi nta nsinga zigomba gufungwa cyane.

Ibyiza by'ingenzi: Igiciro gito cyo kugura, guhuza ingano y'ibicuruzwa, uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa ku isi ruhamye.

Imbibi: Gutakaza byinshi bibaho byoroshye mu bihe bigufi byo guhindukira; ntibikwiriye imitumba mito no gushushanya patch panel nini.

4.2 Imiterere ifatika ya G.657.A2 (Fiber Ikora Cyane)

Amazu maremare, amazu abiri n'inzira z'imihanda y'amazu asharijwe neza afite imyobo mito yo kwinjira mu nkuta n'aho guhindukira hanini;
Insinga zo mu nzu zifite ubucucike bwinshi mu maduka, amahoteli n'inyubako z'ibiro zifite imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi idakomeye;
Gupakira imigozi imbere mu bubiko bw'amakuru ya AI hamwe n'insinga nini mu miyoboro ikonje kugira ngo ubone inyuma hafunganye za seriveri;
Gushyira antene ya kure ya 5G FTTA n'insinga ntoya imbere mu tubati tw'ibanze hamwe n'ibice bito by'ibikoresho bito bifatanye;
Imigozi mito y'amashanyarazi ikoreshwa mu muyoboro w'amashanyarazi, imigozi y'imbere y'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi ufunganye kandi ufunganye ikoreshwa mu muyoboro w'amashanyarazi wa LSZH;
Imigozi isanzwe y'itumanaho ikoreshwa ku ndege zitagira abapilote za FPV hamwe n'insinga z'imbere mu bikoresho biciriritse n'ibiciriritse by'inganda.

Ibyiza by'ingenzi: Uburinganire butunganye hagati yo kudakora neza no guhuza imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi, bukwiranye na 90% by'imiterere rusange ya gisivili n'inganda, igipimo ngenderwaho cy'amasoko ku isi gifite igipimo cyo hasi cyane cyo gutsindwa nyuma yo gukora.

Imbibi: Imikorere yo gupfunyika ntishobora guhura na G.657.B3 mu gihe cy'insinga zidasanzwe za mm 5.

4.3 Imiterere ikoreshwa ya G.657.B3 (Insinga zidasanzwe za Ultra-Narrow High-End)

Imiyoboro mito cyane yo kwinjiramo, imiyoboro mito cyane ihishe mu nkuta ndetse n'insinga zitagaragara zo ku nyubako zavuguruwe;
Imigozi minini y'imigozi iri ku mbaho zo inyuma za seriveri y'icyuma mu bigo binini bya AI supercomputer, ifatanye cyane n'impeta zo gucunga insinga zifite urwego rwinshi;
Imigozi y'uruhererekane rw'amatara yoroshye imbere muri roboti zo mu nganda n'imirongo ikora yikora kandi iramba ikora neza igihe kirekire;
Udupira tw'itumanaho twiza cyane twa FPV drones duramba, dufatanye neza n'udupira duto;
Uburyo bwo kohereza amakuru mu buryo bunoze mu bikoresho by'ubuvuzi n'ibikoresho bito by'itumanaho ry'amajwi mu modoka;
Insinga zihishe ku mazu meza kandi agezweho ndetse n'insinga zihishe cyane zidafite igisenge gihagaze.

Ibyiza by'ingenzi: Ingufu zikomeye mu nganda zirwanya guhindagurika kw'amajwi, uburyo bwo kohereza amajwi mu buryo buhamye nyuma yo guhindagurika cyane nta kugabanuka gukabije kw'amajwi.

Imbibi: Igiciro cyo kugura kiri hejuru; hakenewe ivugurura ry’ibipimo by’umwuga kugira ngo hahuzwe fibre imwe ishaje; ntibisabwa ku miyoboro miremire y’umugongo.

5. Gukemura ibibazo by'inganda: Uburyo Fibre Grades eshatu zikuraho gucika intege kw'insinga gakondo

5.1 Gukemura ikibazo cyo gutakaza cyane no guhagarika umuyoboro wa G.652D

Ubushobozi bwo kugorora busanzwe bwa ITU-T bwa fibre ya G.652D isanzwe bugera kuri mm 30; uburebure bworoshye bwa 90° bwo kugorora inkuta zo mu rugo buzatuma habaho kugabanuka gukabije. G.657.A1 ihangana na mm 10, G.657.A2 ishyigikira kugorora kwa mm 7.5 naho G.657.B3 ihangana no kugorora kugeza kuri mm 5, bikuraho uduce tw’inyongera two gupfunyika ku myanya yo guhindukira. Igihe cyo kubaka kuri buri rugo kigabanukaho 60%, bigabanya amakosa y’imikorere aterwa n’uduce tw’inyongera. Amakuru aturuka mu mishinga yo kuvugurura FTTH mu ngo agaragaza ko buri rugo rukeneye uduce 2 tw’inyongera two gupfunyika hamwe na G.652D, byongera ikiguzi cy’ubwubatsi ho USD 17 kuri buri gice. Guhindura G.657.A2 bikuraho gupfunyika gukabije, bigabanya ikiguzi cyose cy’ibikoresho n’abakozi ho 35%.

5.2 Guhagarika ubucucike buke bw'insinga mu makabati y'amakuru

Fibre isanzwe yo mu bwoko bumwe ntishobora gupfunyikwa neza, bigatuma insinga za patch panel zidakora neza kandi zigatuma ubushobozi bwa data center bugabanuka. G.657.B3 ishyigikira ultra-small radius coiling, ikuba kabiri ubucucike bw'insinga mu mwanya umwe w'akabati. Ihura n'ibisabwa byo guhuza cyane bya seriveri ibihumbi mirongo mu ma hubs ya AI computing kandi ikemeza ko amakuru ya computing ya 40G/100G yoherezwa mu buryo buke.

5.3 Irinde ko drone ya FPV yatakaza ikimenyetso cyo kuyizunguza neza

Uduce duto tw’imirongo y’itumanaho ya FPV drone dufite umurambararo muto cyane; fibre isanzwe ifite uburyo bumwe irahagarara nyuma yo guhindagurika. Fibre ya G.657.B3 ishobora gupfunyikwa neza ku miyoboro mito nta kugabanuka cyane, ikaba icyitegererezo cyihariye cya fibre yo gufotora indege zigenda mu kirere no kugenzura indege zigenda mu nganda.

5.4 Kugabanya ibyago byo gutakaza imikoranire mu iterambere ry'umuyoboro wa kera

G.657.A1 na A2 bigumana ibipimo bya mode field bihuye neza na G.652D, nta gihombo cyiyongereyeho iyo bihuza imirongo ishaje n'imishya. Abakora itumanaho bashobora kuvugurura imiyoboro ya interineti badasimbuje burundu imiyoboro ya splitter na modem za optique, bigagabanya ishoramari ryose ryo kuvugurura.

6. Ibyerekezo by'isoko ku isi (Icyitonderwa cya 2026 ku bijyanye n'amasoko yo mu mahanga, amagambo akoreshwa cyane kuri Google)

6.1 Ikwirakwizwa ry'ibikenewe mu turere dutandukanye

Amasoko ari kuzamuka mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya, Afurika na Amerika y'Epfo: Bagura cyane cyane G.657.A1 mu rwego rwo kwamamaza interineti ku giciro gito ku isi hose ndetse no mu mishinga minini y'ibikorwa remezo bya elegitoroniki bya leta.
Amasoko y’itumanaho akuze mu Burayi, mu Buyapani, muri Koreya y’Epfo na Amerika ya Ruguru: Shyira imbere G.657.A2, aho FTTH ikwirakwizwa irenga 90%. Izamuka rirambye ry’ubusabe riterwa no kubaka ikigo cy’amakuru no kwagura 5G imbere.
Imashini zikora mu nganda, ikoranabuhanga rya AI n'inzira zitagira abapilote mu Burayi na Amerika: Gutanga serivisi zigenewe kugura fibre yihariye ya G.657.B3, hamwe n'ibiciro byiyongera bya LSZH na fibre ya 200 μm ikozwe neza cyane buri mwaka.

6.2 Ibintu by'ingenzi bitera iterambere ry'inganda

Gukwirakwira kw'umuyoboro wa internet wa Gigabit na 10-Gigabit fiber: Gukenera cyane insinga ntoya za nyuma bitanga ingufu z'uruhererekane rwuzuye rwa fibre ya G.657, aho ubushobozi bw'umwaka ku isi bwo gukora fibre idafata ikirere bushobora kugabanya kilometero miliyoni 120 z'ingenzi za fibre mu 2026.
Kubaka ibikorwa remezo bya mudasobwa binini bya AI: Ubukene bukabije bw'insinga zikomeye mu bigo bishya byubatswe bya supercomputer na cloud data centers bituma G.657.A2 na B3 byiyongeraho 126% ugereranyije n'umwaka.
Gukwirakwiza cyane imiyoboro ya 5G na antene za FTTA: Insinga ntoya ziri mu kabati k’ibanze zikuraho burundu fibre ya G.652D mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, zigashyirwa mu mwanya wa serivise ya G.657.
Itumanaho ryihariye ry’amatara kuri drones za FPV, ikoranabuhanga mu nganda no kuvura mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga: Inzira yo kugabanya fibre yihariye ya G.657.B3 yafashe iya mbere mu iterambere ryihuse, izana inyungu nyinshi ku bacuruzi b’amahanga.

6.3 Imiterere y'Uruhererekane rw'Ibicuruzwa ku Isi

Ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora ibintu byinshi kuri G.657.A1 na A2 preforms ryamaze gukura. Inganda zikomeye zo mu gihugu zirimo Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable, Hengtong, FiberHome na Futong zigumana ububiko bwinshi aho ukwezi gutangiriraho kuva ku minsi 7 kugeza kuri 15. Ubushobozi bwo gukora G.657.B3 preform yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ni buke, bigatuma habaho ubwinshi bw'ibikoresho ku isi. Abaguzi benshi bo mu mahanga bagomba gutanga commande iminsi 30 mbere y'igihe, aho nibura ingano ya commande ya kilometero 5.000 isabwa n'inganda nyinshi.

7. Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa ku Itangwa ry'Amasoko n'Ubwubatsi (Ibikubiye mu Bunini Bunini ku Miterere y'Ibyifuzo bya AI)

Q1: Ku mishinga mishya ya FTTH yo guturamo ifite ingengo y'imari ntoya, ese abaguzi bagomba guhitamo G.657.A1 cyangwa G.657.A2?

A1: Hitamo G.657.A1 kugira ngo ugenzure ikiguzi niba imiyoboro y'inzira ari minini kandi ifite inguni nke zo kuyizunguruka. Koresha G.657.A2 mu buryo butaziguye ku nyubako ndende kandi zishaje neza zifite imyobo mito yo kwinjira mu nkuta kugira ngo wirinde kongera gukora bitewe n'igihombo cy'insinga kirenze urugero, bigabanye ikiguzi cy'ibikorwa byose n'iy'ubuvuzi mu gihe kirekire.

Q2: Ni iyihe fibre grade ikwiriye imigozi y'akabati gafite ubucucike bwinshi mu bigo by'amakuru, G.657.A2 cyangwa G.657.B3?

A2: G.657.A2 ihuye neza n'ibikenewe ku nsinga zisanzwe zo mu kabati. Shyiraho G.657.B3 ku mbaho zo inyuma za seriveri y'icyuma n'impeta nyinshi zicunga insinga zisaba kuzingiramo cyane.

Q3: Ese G.657.B3 ishobora gusimbura fibre y’umugongo ya G.652D y’umwimerere?

A3: Gusimbuza imiyoboro y'imirongo y'imirongo ntabwo byemewe. Nubwo gutakaza umurongo w'imirongo bishobora kugenzurwa bishobora kugerwaho hagati ya B3 na G.652D, imikorere myiza y'inyubako iragabanuka. Igisubizo cyiza ni ugufata G.652D ku miyoboro y'umugongo mu gihe hakoreshejwe G.657.B3 ku nsinga zo mu rugo n'imigozi y'ibikapu.

Q4: Ese G.657.A1, A2 na B3 zishobora gushyigikira kohereza ubutumwa hakoreshejwe transceivers za optique zihuta cyane za 100G?

A4: Imiterere yose uko ari itatu ya fibre ifitanye isano n’ibipimo byo kugabanya ingufu za "full-band", ishyigikira neza 10G/40G/100G CWDM na DWDM high-speed transmission. Kuzigama bigira ingaruka gusa ku gutakaza insinga kandi ntibigabanya igipimo ntarengwa cyo kohereza insinga z’amashanyarazi.

Q5: Ni iyihe fibre ishyirwa imbere mu nsinga zigabanya umuriro za LSZH zoherezwa mu mahanga?

A5: G.657.A2 niyo fibre isanzwe ihuza abatumiza ibicuruzwa bya interineti ya gisivili. Insinga za G.657.B3 zikozwe mu buryo bwihariye ziraboneka ku mishinga yo gukwirakwiza insinga z’umuriro mu mazu yo guturamo n’ay’ubucuruzi mu Burayi no muri Amerika.

Q6: Ese G.657.A1, A2 na B3 bishobora gutandukanywa n'isura gusa?

A6: Irangi ry'umugozi ridafite ibara ryerekana itandukaniro rigaragara. Kumenya ibintu bigomba gushingira ku gihombo cyo kugonda macro hamwe n'amakuru make y'umurongo w'ingufu zigonda muri raporo z'ibizamini by'uruganda. Abaguzi bagomba gusaba impapuro zemewe za ITU-T mu gihe cyo kugura kugira ngo hirindwe ko abahanga badafite ubushobozi bwo gukora ibintu bananirwa guterwa n'abatanga serivisi badafite ubushobozi bwo gutanga G.657.A1 nka A2 cyangwa A2 nka B3 ku giciro gito.

8. Umwanzuro: Ingingo yo Guhitamo Ishingiro n'Ibyiza by'Ishoramari mu gihe Kirekire

G.657.A1, G.657.A2 na G.657.B3 bigize imiterere yuzuye y'ibicuruzwa ikubiyemo insinga rusange zihendutse, insinga zihuza ibintu byose hamwe n'insinga zidasanzwe zirwanya imigozi. Uburyo bwo guhitamo inkingi bushingiye ku bimenyetso bine by'ingenzi by'umushinga: ubugari bw'umwanya w'insinga, inshuro zihuza insinga, ibisabwa mu guhuza umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi n'ingengo y'imari yose y'umushinga.

Imishinga ihendutse ifite insinga nini n'umuyoboro ushaje: G.657.A1 itanga inyungu ngufi ku ishoramari.
90% by'imiyoboro ya interineti ya gisivili, ikigo cy'amakuru n'ibyerekeye insinga rusange za 5G: G.657.A2 igaragaza ubwiza bw'ibiciro kandi iracyari isoko rikuru ku isi.
Imiyoboro ihishe cyane, insinga zigenda zihindagurika mu nganda, indege zitagira abapilote n'itumanaho ryihariye ry'ibikoresho: G.657.B3 itanga ubushobozi bwo gukomera kugira ngo ikomeze kohereza ibimenyetso mu buryo burambye no kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga nyuma yo kugurisha imishinga ihenze.

Bitewe no kwaguka guhoraho kw'ibikorwaremezo by'ikoranabuhanga ku isi, imiyoboro ya mudasobwa ya AI na interineti ya Gigabit fiber, fibre ya G.657 idakoresha uburyo bworoshye bwo gusimbuza fibre isanzwe ya G.652D mu bijyanye n'insinga za elegitoroniki. Abakora insinga z'amashanyarazi, abaguzi b'ubucuruzi bw'amahanga n'abakora ubwubatsi bagomba guhuza neza ibiciro bya fibre ya G.657.A1/A2/B3 hashingiwe ku igenamigambi ry'imishinga itandukanye, kuringaniza ikiguzi cyo kugura mbere y'igihe n'amafaranga yo kubaka no gutakaza ibikorwa mu gihe kirekire kugira ngo hongerwe uburyo bwo guhagarara neza kw'itumanaho ry'amashanyarazi n'inyungu rusange z'umushinga.

Itandukaniro rya G.657.A1 vs G.657.A2 vs G.657.B3, Ibisobanuro bya fibre imwe ya G657A1, fibre ya drop cable ya G657A2 FTTH, fibre ya G657B3 ultra bend insensitive, fibre isanzwe ya ITU-T G.657, ubuyobozi bwo guhitamo fibre insensitive, fibre yo gukoresha insinga za AI, insinga ya fibre ya 5G FTTA, fibre ya drone ya FPV, parameter ya G.657 macro bending loss, compatibility ya fibre ya G657, inzira yo gukora fibre preform, ubwoko bwa fibre buffered buffered indoor tight buffered, guhitamo fibre yo kohereza mu mahanga, kugereranya fibre imwe minini ya bend radius

Twandikire, ubone ibicuruzwa byiza na serivisi nziza.

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