Ubutegetsi buhuriweho insinga ya optique yo mu kirere harimo Insinga ya ADSS na OPGW. Uyu munsi turaganira ku itandukaniro riri hagati yabyo: ADSS VS OPGW.

OPGW isobanura insinga y'ubutaka y'amashanyarazi, ikoreshwa mu nsinga zo kohereza amashanyarazi. Ni insinga ifite intego ebyiri, nko gutwara fibre optique mu itumanaho ndetse no gukora nk'insinga yo hasi. Ibyo birumvikana kuko insinga z'amashanyarazi zikenera hasi kugira ngo zirindwe inkuba n'ibindi. Bityo rero OPGW ishobora guhuza imikorere yo hasi n'ubushobozi bwo kohereza amakuru.

ADSS ni indi ncamake. ADSS isobanura All-Dielectric Self-Supporting. All-dielectric bivuze ko idafite ibice by'icyuma, bityo ntishobora gutwara umuyoboro. Kwiyishingikirizaho byerekana ko idakeneye imiterere y'inkunga yo hanze; ishobora kwihanganira uburemere bwayo. Rero insinga za ADSS zishobora gukoreshwa mu itumanaho, ariko zishyirwa ukwazo ku nsinga z'amashanyarazi. Wenda zikoreshwa ahantu udashobora kuzihambira ku nsinga z'amashanyarazi, nko ku mihanda cyangwa ku nkingi zitandukanye.

Noneho, kugira ngo dusesengure itandukaniro. Reka dutangire ku miterere. OPGW ifite imiyoboro y'urumuri imbere mu gasanduku karinda, gakikijwe n'ibikoresho biyobora nk'aluminium cyangwa icyuma. Ibi bituma ikora nk'insinga y'ubutaka. ADSS, kubera ko ari dielectric gusa, yaba ifite imiyoboro mu bikoresho bya dielectric, wenda ifite imiyoboro ya aramid kugira ngo ikomere, kandi nta bice by'icyuma biyigize. Rero mu miterere, OPGW ifite icyuma, ADSS ntabwo ifite.

Gushyiramo:
OPGW ishyirwa hejuru y'iminara ya transmission, igasimbuza insinga isanzwe idahindagurika (insinga yo hasi). Kubera ko ari igice cy'ibikorwa remezo by'insinga z'amashanyarazi, ihujwe n'ibidukikije bifite amashanyarazi menshi. ADSS, ku rundi ruhande, ishyirwa ukwayo. Ishobora kuba iri ku nkingi za telefoni, ku nyubako zisanzwe, ariko ntabwo iri ku nsinga z'amashanyarazi ubwazo. Ntabwo ari ngombwa ko iba igice cy'uburyo bw'amashanyarazi, bityo ikaba nziza kuyikoresha mu bice bitarimo amashanyarazi menshi.

Porogaramu:
OPGW ikoreshwa mu miyoboro y’amashanyarazi ifite ingufu nyinshi aho bikenewe haba mu gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi no mu itumanaho. Ni kimwe mu bikorwa remezo by’umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi. ADSS ikoreshwa mu miyoboro ikwirakwiza amashanyarazi, wenda mu bihe by’amashanyarazi make, cyangwa aho udashobora gushyira ku miyoboro y’amashanyarazi. Ni iy’itumanaho ryigenga, wenda mu mijyi cyangwa ku mihanda aho inkingi zitandukanye zikoreshwa.

Imiterere y'amashanyarazi:
OPGW ni amashanyarazi atwara imizigo kandi ni igice cy'amashanyarazi, bityo igomba guhangana n'amashanyarazi menshi, harimo n'amashanyarazi atwara imizigo. ADSS ntabwo itwara imizigo, bityo ikaba idahungabanywa n'amashanyarazi kandi ntabwo itera ibyago byo gutwara amashanyarazi. Ibyo bituma itekanye mu bidukikije bimwe na bimwe.

Imbaraga za mekanike:
Byombi bigomba gukomera. OPGW ifite urwego rw'icyuma rutanga imbaraga n'uburinzi. ADSS yishingikiriza ku bikoresho by'amashanyarazi ndetse wenda na Kevlar kugira ngo ikomeze gukomera. Kubera ko ADSS yigenga, igomba kuba yaragenewe kwikorera uburemere bwayo idacika intege, ndetse no mu gihe kirekire. OPGW, kubera ko ari igice cy'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi, yagenewe kwihanganira imbogamizi zimwe n'izikomoka ku bidukikije nk'izikoresha amashanyarazi, nk'umuyaga, urubura n'impinduka z'ubushyuhe.

Ibintu bifitanye isano n'ibidukikije:
OPGW ishyirwa ahantu hakomeye nk'aho insinga z'amashanyarazi zikorera, bityo yubatswe kugira ngo ikomere ku nkuba, ingufu nyinshi z'amashanyarazi, n'imbaraga z'amashanyarazi. ADSS ishobora gukoreshwa ahantu hadakomeye cyane, ariko igomba kuba irinda ikirere. Kubera ko ikoresha dielectric gusa, ntabwo igomba guhangayikishwa n'ingufu za galvanic cyangwa imirabyo itwara, ariko igomba kurwanya imirasire ya UV n'ibyangiritse ku mubiri.

Ikiguzi n'uburyo bwo kubungabunga:
OPGW ishobora kuba ihendutse cyane mu gihe wubaka imiyoboro mishya y'amashanyarazi cyangwa uvugurura isanzwe kuko ikora imirimo ibiri. Ariko, kuyishyiraho bishobora gusaba ubuhanga mu miyoboro y'amashanyarazi no gukora igihe cyo kuyihagarika. ADSS ishobora kuba ihendutse mu bihe aho utagomba guhindura ibikorwa remezo by'amashanyarazi bisanzweho, ahubwo ongeramo insinga nshya ku nkingi zitandukanye. Kubungabunga OPGW byaba bisaba gukorana n'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi, ushobora kuba ugoye, mu gihe ADSS ishobora koroha kuko itandukanye.

Ibindi byo kwitabwaho:
ADSS ishobora kugira ibibazo byo gufunga imigozi yumye iyo ishyizwe hafi y'imirongo ifite amashanyarazi menshi, kuko nubwo idatwara umuriro, amashanyarazi akomoka ku miyoboro ashobora guteza ibibazo. OPGW isanzwe ari igice cy'uburyo bw'amashanyarazi, bityo ikaba yaragenewe gukemura ibyo bibazo. Uburebure bw'uburebure nabwo bushobora gutandukana. OPGW ikoreshwa mu miyoboro miremire isanzwe ku minara ifite amashanyarazi menshi, mu gihe ADSS ishobora kugira ubushobozi butandukanye bw'imiyoboro bitewe n'imiterere yayo.

Tegereza, nkwiye kugenzura niba ADSS ikoreshwa ku mirongo ikwirakwiza umuriro. Ndatekereza ko imiyoboro ikwirakwiza umuriro ifite ingufu nke, nk'izo zizana umuriro mu ngo, bityo wenda ADSS ikoreshwa aho ngaho kuko ibidukikije bidasaba ingufu nyinshi. OPGW rwose ni iyo kohereza umuriro ufite ingufu nyinshi.

Nanone, kwitandukanya kwa voltage: ADSS ntitanga amashanyarazi, bityo ishobora gushyirwa hafi y'imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi nta ngaruka, ariko OPGW ni kimwe mu bigize sisitemu yo gufunga umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi. Bityo ADSS ni nziza mu kwirinda kubangamira amashanyarazi.

Ku bijyanye n'igihe cyo gushyiraho, OPGW ishobora gusaba ko umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi ukurwaho ingufu cyangwa ugakorwaho n'abakozi babigize umwuga, mu gihe ADSS ishobora gushyirwaho n'abakozi bashinzwe itumanaho badakoze ku bikorwa remezo by'amashanyarazi.

Bityo rero, itandukaniro rikomeye riri mu miterere yabyo (icyuma ugereranyije n’ibitari ibyuma), aho bishyirwa (bihujwe n’imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi ugereranyije n’ibitandukanye), imiterere y’amashanyarazi (ikoresha amashanyarazi ugereranyije n’idakoresha amashanyarazi), n’ibidukikije bikoreshwa (ikoreshwa ry’amashanyarazi menshi ugereranyije n’amashanyarazi make cyangwa imiyoboro y’itumanaho itandukanye).

Insinga za OPGW (Optical Ground Wire) vs ADSS (All-Dielectric Self-Supporting): Itandukaniro ry'ingenzi

1. Imiterere n'Imiterere:

   • OPGW:Ihuza imigozi y'urumuri n'ibikoresho biyobora amashanyarazi (aluminium, icyuma) mu buryo bw'imiterere y'urukuta. Ikora nk'insinga y'ubutaka n'insinga y'itumanaho.

   •         ITANGAZO:Ntirikoresha icyuma (dielectric), rikoresha ibikoresho nk'ubudodo bwa aramid kugira ngo rikomere. Nta bintu biyobora amashanyarazi, byagenewe itumanaho gusa.

2. Ahantu ho gushyira ibintu:

   •         OPGW:Yashyizwe ku minara yo kohereza umuriro ifite ingufu nyinshi, isimbura insinga zisanzwe zihoraho. Yinjijwe mu bikorwa remezo by'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi.

   •         ITANGAZO:Ishyirwa ku nyubako zitandukanye (urugero, inkingi za terefone, imiyoboro ikwirakwiza umuriro) idakeneye gufatisha insinga z'amashanyarazi. Ikwiriye mu mijyi cyangwa inzira zitari kure y'imiyoboro ifite amashanyarazi menshi.

3. Imiterere y'amashanyarazi:

   •         OPGW:Ifite amashanyarazi atwara imizigo, yagenewe guhangana n'inkuba, imiyoboro y'amazi ihindagurika, n'amashanyarazi menshi. Igice cy'uburyo bw'amashanyarazi bwo gufunga.

   •         ITANGAZO:Ntiyobora amashanyarazi, ntirinda amashanyarazi kubangamira amashanyarazi. Ifite umutekano hafi y'insinga z'amashanyarazi ariko igomba kwirinda gufunga imigozi y'amashanyarazi yumye hafi y'aho ikoresha ingufu nyinshi z'amashanyarazi.

4. Porogaramu:

   •         OPGW:Ni byiza cyane ku miyoboro mishya/ivuguruye ya transmission ifite voltage nyinshi isaba imikorere ibiri yo gufunga no gukwirakwiza amakuru.

   •         ITANGAZO:Ikoreshwa mu miyoboro ikwirakwiza umuriro w’amashanyarazi make, imiyoboro yihariye y’itumanaho, cyangwa aho gushyiramo insinga z’amashanyarazi bidashoboka.

5. Ibitekerezo ku ikoranabuhanga n'ibidukikije:

   •         OPGW:Yakozwe kugira ngo ihangane n'ibibazo bikomeye by'ibidukikije (urubura, umuyaga, imirabyo) bisanzwe ku miyoboro y'amashanyarazi.

   •         ITANGAZO:Ishingiye ku mbaraga za dielectric n'imyambaro idakira imirasire ya UV. Yishingikirizaho mu gihe kirekire ariko ntikwiriye cyane ahantu hakomeye hakoreshwa amashanyarazi.

6. Ikiguzi n'Ubuvuzi:

   •         OPGW:Bihendutse iyo bihujwe n'imishinga y'ibikorwa remezo by'amashanyarazi. Bisaba gushyiraho ibikoresho byihariye no gukora amashanyarazi igihe ntarengwa.

   •         ITANGAZO:Igiciro cyo gushyiramo kiri hasi mu buryo butandukanye. Gusana byoroshye bitewe no kwitandukanya na sisitemu z'amashanyarazi.

7. Ubugari n'umutekano:

   •         OPGW:Ihuza iminara miremire y'amashanyarazi. Ihuzwa neza na sisitemu z'amashanyarazi.

   •         ITANGAZO:Ifite uburebure bworoshye; yirinda ibyago by'amashanyarazi ariko ikeneye gushyirwa neza hafi y'ahantu hafite amashanyarazi menshi.

Incamake:OPGW ihuza itumanaho n'ingufu mu miyoboro ifite ingufu nyinshi, mu gihe ADSS itanga igisubizo kidatwara umuriro kandi cyigenga ku itumanaho, akenshi mu bice bidasaba imbaraga nyinshi. Amahitamo aterwa n'ibikenewe mu mashanyarazi, aho bishyirwa, n'ibikenewe mu bikorwa remezo.