Isiphelo somgca we-optical line (OLT) sisisiseko senethiwekhi ye-optical engasebenziyo kwaye sisetyenziselwa ukuguqula, ukulungelelanisa, kunye nokulawula imiqondiso ye-optical phakathi komboneleli wenkonzo kunye nabasebenzisi. I-OLT isebenza njengentliziyo yenethiwekhi, ilawula ithrafikhi kwaye iqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa okungenamthungo kweenkonzo ze-intanethi, umabonwakude, kunye ne-telephony ngoqhagamshelo lwe-fiber optic kwiindawo zokuhlala kunye namashishini. Ezi yunithi zihlala kwiofisi ephakathi yomboneleli wenkonzo kwaye ziqhagamshela kubabhalisi abaninzi nge-splitters kunye ne-ONU. Nge-OLTs, ababoneleli banokuzisa i-intanethi ekhawulezayo kuluntu lonke ngoqhagamshelo oluthembekileyo nolukhawulezayo. Kwihlabathi liphela, izixeko zixhomekeke kwi-OLTs ukuxhasa iimfuno ezikhulayo zeenkonzo zedijithali. Kwabo banomdla malunga nendlela esebenza ngayo i-intanethi yabo ye-fiber, ukwazi ukuba yintoni i-OLT kucacisa okuninzi malunga noyilo lwenethiwekhi.

Intambo ye-GYFTY Fiber Optic luhlobo lwentambo yangaphandle eyenzelwe ukuba ingabi nantsimbi kwaye ngaloo ndlela ikhuselekile kwiindawo apho umbane okanye iingozi zombane ziyingozi. Ngokwakhiwa kwayo okungeyonsimbi, ihlala ilula kodwa ihlala ixesha elide, ikwazi ukumelana nemozulu embi kwaye imelane nokugqwala. Abantu abaninzi basebenzisa ii-fiber optics ze-gyfty kwiindawo zokungcwaba ezisebenza emoyeni okanye ngqo, njengoko ingatsali umbane okanye imelane nelanga, umoya, nemvula. Intliziyo yayo yeefayibha zeglasi inika isantya esivuthayo kunye noqhagamshelo lwedatha oluqinileyo kumgama omde. Abanye bakhetha i-gyfty kwimigca yefowuni, oololiwe, okanye iigridi zamandla apho ukhuseleko lubalulekile khona. Okuseleyo kweli nqaku kuxoxa ngoyilo lwayo, indlela yokuyisebenzisa, kunye nesizathu sokuba ikhanye kwiindawo ezinzima.

Ifektri yentambo ye-fiber optic: imisonto emincinci yeglasi neplastiki, ihambisa idatha ngokukhanya. Intambo nganye iqala njenge-preform yeglasi, efudunyezwayo ize itsalwe kwiintambo ezincinci njengeenwele. Okulandelayo, oomatshini bafaka iingubo zokukhusela kwiintambo baze bazihlanganise kwiintambo ukuze zihlale ixesha elide kwaye zibe lula. Abasebenzi bahlola intambo nganye ukuze babone iziphene ezincinci, beqinisekisa ukuba ziyahambelana nemigangatho yomgangatho engqongqo. Isigaba ngasinye, ukusuka ekubumbeni ukuya kuvavanyo lolawulo lomgangatho, sinamathela kwinkqubo ethile echazayo eqinisekisa ukuba iintambo zihlala ziqinile kwaye zisebenza kakuhle. Ukuze uqonde indlela ezi nyathelo ezidibana ngayo, kuluncedo ukuhlola inqanaba ngalinye kuhambo ukusuka kwizinto eziluhlaza ukuya kwintambo evumela i-intanethi ekhawulezayo kwihlabathi liphela.

I-GPON vs FTTH, zombini i-GPON kunye ne-FTTH zibhekisa kwiindlela zokuhambisa idatha ye-intanethi emakhayeni okanye kumashishini, kodwa zisebenza ngokwahlukileyo. I-GPON sisifinyezo se-Gigabit Passive Optical Network, edlulisela idatha ngeentambo ze-fiber optic ezineekhonkco ezabiweyo. Nge-FTTH, okanye i-Fiber ukuya eKhaya, umgca we-fiber optic uhamba ngqo ukusuka kumboneleli ukuya kwikhaya ngalinye, ubonelela ngesantya esikhawulezayo nesithembekileyo. Zithelekiswa rhoqo kuba i-GPON inokuba nexabiso eliphantsi kwiinethiwekhi ezinkulu, ngelixa i-FTTH inokubonelela ngamava angcono kubasebenzisi bokugqibela. Isigqibo phakathi kwazo sihlala sixhomekeke kwinto oyibeka phambili—ukufikeleleka, isantya, okanye uzinzo. La macandelo alandelayo achaza indlela esebenza ngayo enye indlela, iingenelo, kunye nabagqatswa abafanelekileyo.

Iintambo zefayibha ngee-SC, LC, FC, kunye ne-ST connectors kwiintlobo ze-APC okanye ze-UPC nakwiintambo ze-simplex okanye ze-duplex connecting network devices ukuze kudluliselwe idatha ngokukhawuleza nangokuzinzileyo. Zonke iintlobo ze-connector zinesimo esithile kunye nokulingana, ngoko ke i-SC kunye ne-LC zixhaphake kwiinethiwekhi, ngelixa i-FC kunye ne-ST zisebenza kakuhle kwiilebhu kunye noqwalaselo oludala. Ii-APC connectors zinciphisa ukulahleka kwesiginali, kwaye i-UPC ibonelela nge-polish esisiseko. Iintambo ze-Simplex zithumela idatha ngendlela enye, kwaye iintambo ze-duplex zithumela idatha yeendlela ezimbini ngaxeshanye. Ezi nketho zinceda ekuhambelaniseni iimfuno zenethiwekhi, nokuba ze-broadband yokuhlala, ii-LAN zenkampani, okanye amaziko edatha amakhulu. Siza kuhlela uninzi lwale posi ukuze sahlule ezi ntlobo, sichaze apho zifaneleka khona, kwaye sinike isikhokelo sokukhetha intambo efanelekileyo.

A intambo ye-duct fiber optic luhlobo lwentambo eyenzelwe ukuhamba kwiipayipi okanye imibhobho eyakhiwe kwangaphambili, edla ngokusetyenziselwa ukufakwa ngokukhawuleza nangokukhuselekileyo kwiinkqubo zenethiwekhi. Le ntambo ineentambo ezininzi zeglasi ngaphakathi kuyo ezithumela ulwazi njengokukhanya okuhamba kwiikhilomitha ezingamakhulu kwaye zibolile kancinci. Intambo ye-fiber optic ye-duct ixhaphakile kwiinethiwekhi zesixeko, kwizakhiwo ezinkulu, nakwiindawo zolwazi njengoko zikhusela iintambo kumonakalo nakwimozulu. Zifumaneka kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zefayibha, kunye neejakethi zangaphandle eziqinileyo ezikhusela emanzini kunye noxinzelelo. Ngeentambo ze-fiber optic ze-duct, abanini benethiwekhi banokwandisa ukufikelela kwabo ngaphandle kokuphinda bembe iindledlana okanye bakrazule imigangatho. Kwizinto ezilandelayo, fumana indlela ezi ntambo ezisebenza ngayo kwaye zeziphi ezihambelana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo.

Intambo ye-Ethernet ye-Cat6 yintambo yenethiwekhi eqhelekileyo ekwaziyo ukuxhasa isantya esiphezulu kunye neefrikhwensi, esetyenziswa rhoqo emakhaya nakwiiofisi. Idume ngokukwazi kwayo ukuxhasa isantya esifikelela kwi-10 Gbps kumgama omfutshane, iintambo zeCat6 zibonelela ngomjelo othembekileyo wokusasaza, ukudlala imidlalo, kunye nokudluliselwa kweefayile ezinkulu. Inezinto ezijijekileyo eziqinileyo kunye nokukhusela okuphezulu kunezangaphambili, nto leyo enciphisa ukulahleka kwe-crosstalk kunye nesignali. Abantu abaninzi bakhetha iintambo zeCat6 zokusasazwa kwenethiwekhi entsha njengoko zihambelana noninzi lwee-routers, iiswitshi, kunye nezixhobo ezinikwe amandla yi-RJ45. Nabani na ofaka inethiwekhi entsha okanye ohlaziya endala, ukuqonda izibonelelo kunye nokusetyenziswa kweentambo zeCat6 kunceda ekwenzeni izigqibo ezikrelekrele malunga nezixhobo zenethiwekhi.

Intambo ye-fiber optic enesikrweqe luhlobo olukhethekileyo lwe intambo yefayibha yakhiwe ngomaleko wesinyithi okhuselayo okhusela imicu yeglasi ethambileyo ngaphakathi. Olu khuselo lwesinyithi lukhusela intambo kwizibambo, ukulunywa ziimpuku, okanye iiblade ze-backhoe. Ngokubanzi, abantu bafaka intambo ye-fiber optic enezixhobo kwiindawo ezineentaba okanye apho amathuba okonakala kwentambo aphezulu. Ijakethi yesinyithi inika amandla, ngelixa umbindi uqhubeka nokudlulisa idatha ngokukhawuleza kwaye ulahleko oluncinci. Iintambo ezithile ezinezixhobo zisebenza phantsi komhlaba ngokugqibeleleyo, ngelixa ezinye zingena kwiindawo ezisebenzayo zasezidolophini apho ukhuseleko lubalulekile. Ngeendlela zokukhetha enye kunye ne-multi-mode, intambo ye-fiber optic enezixhobo ihlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo. Kwinxalenye yesibini, fumana indlela ezi ntambo ezinceda ngayo ukugcina iinethiwekhi zikhuselekile kwaye zizinzile.