Iintambo ze-fiber optic zidlulisela idatha kusetyenziswa iipulses zokukhanya kwiglasi ebhityileyo okanye kwimicu yeplastiki, nto leyo emele enye yezona ndlela zikhawulezayo zokuhambisa ulwazi olukhoyo ngoku. Ezi ntambo ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenethiwekhi yehlabathi ye-intanethi, ifowuni, kunye neTV, zithwala ulwazi oluninzi kumgama omde kwaye zingonakalisi kangako. Nganye kwezi ntambo yenziwe ngesiseko, i-cladding, kunye ne-protective coating ezinceda ukugcina imiqondiso inamandla kwaye icacile. Amashishini amaninzi, izikolo, kunye nezibhedlele zixhomekeke kuzo ukuze ziqhagamshele rhoqo nangokukhawuleza. Yiyo loo nto zikhetha iintambo ze-fiber optic: isantya, ukhuseleko, kunye nokuqina kwimozulu embi. Apha ngezantsi uza kufumana ulwazi kunye neengcebiso ezilula ukuziqonda ngcono indlela ezi ntambo ezichaphazela ngayo indlela esinxibelelana ngayo ngedatha.

Indlela Ezisebenza Ngayo Iintambo zeFiber Optic

Zithumela idatha njengokukhanya okuhamba ngeentambo ze-fiber optic ezibhityileyo kakhulu okanye iifayibha zeplastiki. Ifayibha nganye iphantse ibe nobubanzi beenwele zomntu. Ezi intambo yefayibha Iintlobo zithutha ulwazi kwiindawo ezinkulu, ezihlala zidlula iikhilomitha ezili-100, kwaye azinazo izinto ezininzi. Azisebenzisi umbane ukuhambisa imiqondiso, ngoko ke ziphepha ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic. Intambo ineeleya ezininzi, kwaye ileya nganye idlala indima yokugcina ukukhanya kunye nesignali iqinile.

1. Isiseko

I-core yinxalenye encinci ephakathi yentambo ye-fiber optic apho ukukhanya kuhamba khona. Isebenza njenge-conduit, igcina ukukhanya ngaphakathi njengoko kuhamba kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-fiber. Ii-cores kwi-single mode fibers zincinci kakhulu, malunga ne-8 ukuya kwi-10 micrometers ububanzi, ngelixa ii-multimode fiber optic cables zine-cores ezibanzi, malunga ne-50 ukuya kwi-62.5 micrometers. Ii-single-mode cores zilungele uhambo olude, ngelixa ii-multimode cores zilungele uqhagamshelo olufutshane.

Ulwakhiwo lwe-core, oludla ngokuba yiglasi ecocekileyo kakhulu okanye ngamanye amaxesha ibe yiplastiki, lukhethwa ngenxa yokukwazi kwayo ukuhambisa ukukhanya kumgama omncinci ngokunciphisa kancinci. I-Glass ixhaphake kakhulu kwiintambo ze-fiber optic kuba igcina amandla okukhanya kumgama omde. Ii-cores zeplastiki zibiza kancinci kodwa ziyancipha kakhulu, ngoko ke zisetyenziswa xa kubaleka ixesha elifutshane.

Ukukhanya kuhamba phakathi kwentliziyo kuba kugoba ngaphakathi, umlingo oqhutywa yi-refractive index ephezulu yentliziyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba inokudlulisa idatha ngokukhawuleza nangokucacileyo kuwo onke amazwekazi, ingakumbi kwiinethiwekhi ze-fiber optic.

2. Isigqubuthelo

I-cladding ijikeleza umbindi. Ithintela ukukhanya ukuba kungaphumi ngokuyibonakalisa ngaphakathi, isebenzisa i-refractive index engaphantsi kuneyombindi. Oku kuvumela intambo ukuba idlulise ulwazi ngokulahleka okuncinci kwaye igcine isignali icocekile.

Ukugquma phantse rhoqo yiglasi. Ngamanye amaxesha iplastiki ilawulwa ziimfuno ezikhethekileyo. Ububanzi bayo, obuhlala bumalunga ne-125 micrometers, buhambelana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe ngoko ke iintambo zinokusebenzisana kwihlabathi liphela. Xa kugquma ngokuqinileyo, ifayibha inokugoba ngaphandle kokuqhekeka.

3. Ukwaleka

Umaleko ocacileyo ujikeleze i-cladding kunye nombindi. Lo maleko uthambile, ufana nomqamelo, kwaye ukhusela i-fiber kwimiba egobileyo kunye nokufuma.

Iingubo ezigqunywe nge-acrylate okanye i-silicone zihlala ziqinile. Zinceda intambo ukuba ihlale iqinile naphi na—imanzi, yomile, okanye ingaphantsi kolwandle. Iingubo ezigqunywe nge-coating zigcina amanzi kunye neekhemikhali zingangeni, ngoko ke iifayibha zihlala zisebenza iminyaka.

4. Ijakethi

Ijakethi sisigqubuthelo esiqinileyo osibona kwintambo. Sikhusela ingaphakathi elangeni, kubushushu, nakumonakalo wokufakelwa.

Iijakethi zinokuba yiPVC, ipolyethylene, okanye ezinye iiplastiki. Ezinye azina-UV xa zisetyenziswa ngaphandle, ngelixa ezinye zigxile ekugobeni xa zisetyenziswa ngaphakathi. Igeyiji inokuchaphazela ukuguquguquka kwentambo kunye namandla okutsalwa kwayo. Iijakethi ezinemibala zinceda abantu ekumiseleni ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwefayibha engaphakathi okanye ukuba intambo nganye idlala yiphi indima.

5. Uhambo loKhanya

Ukukhanya kungena kwelinye icala kuze kugxumeke kwi-fiber, kubanjwe ngaphakathi kukukhanya okungaphakathi. Oko kugcina amandla kumgama omde kwaye kuvumela neentambo ezingaphantsi kolwandle ukuba zidlulisele idatha phakathi kwezizwe.

Ukuba intambo igobile kakhulu, ukukhanya kunokuvuza kwaye kwenzeke ukulahleka kwesignali, okubizwa ngokuba yi-attenuation. Iitshaneli ezicocekileyo nezithambileyo zinceda ekuhambiseni phambili ukukhanya. Ukugcina imicu icocekile, ingagobanga, kwaye ingaqhekekanga kubalulekile ukuze kubekho isignali efanelekileyo.

Iintlobo zeentambo zeFiber Optic

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeentambo ze-fiber optic kangangokuba iimilo zazo zilawulwa ngumsebenzi wazo. Uhlobo lwe-loose-tube kunye nohlobo lwe-ribbon zezona ndlela zimbini zokwakha eziphambili. Uhlobo lwe-ribbon luvumela inani eliphezulu leentambo ze-fiber optic. iifayibha ezibonakalayo, nto leyo ifanelekileyo kwiindawo ezifuna ukudluliselwa kwedatha ebalulekileyo njengeendawo zolwazi. Iintambo ezikhululekileyo zikhusela iintambo ngokuzivumela ukuba zitshintshele ngaphakathi kweetyhubhu eziqinileyo, nto leyo ezenza zifaneleke kwimozulu embi. Uninzi lweentambo ziwela kwiindidi ezimbini eziphambili: iintambo ze-singlemode kunye neentambo ze-multimode fiber optic. Ukukhetha uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwentambo ye-fiber kubalulekile kwisantya kunye nomgama idatha yakho ehamba ngawo.

Imowudi enye

Ifayibha yemowudi enye Yenzelwe ukunxibelelana okude. Isebenzisa isiseko seglasi esincinci esinobubanzi obuzii-micrometer ezisi-8 ukuya kwezili-10 kwaye sigcina inkqubela yokukhanya ikwi-linear. Esi siseko sincinci sivumela imiqondiso ukuba isasazeke kwiikhilomitha ngelahleko encinci ngesantya esifunekayo kwiinethiwekhi zehlabathi.

Iinkampani zeTelecom kunye namaziko edatha e-cloud axhomekeke kwiintambo ze-singlemode ukudibanisa izixeko okanye izakhiwo ezinkulu. I-Singlemode OS1 kunye ne-OS2 ziyasetyenziswa. I-OS2 lukhetho lokuqhuba ngaphandle okanye naphi na apho kufuna isantya esiphezulu kwiindlela ezinde.

Imowudi enininzi

I-Multimode fiber ilungele ii-short links kunye neemfuno zesantya esiphantsi. I-core yayo, enkulu kune-singlemode kwi-50 okanye 62.5 micrometers, ibangela ukuba ukukhanya kukhanye kwaye kuthintele umgama onokuhamba ngawo ngaphambi kokuba isignali ibe mnyama. I-Multimode ikhanya kwiinethiwekhi zasekuhlaleni, kwiikhampasi zezikolo, okanye kwiziko ledatha eliphakathi.

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi: i-OM1, i-OM2, i-OM3, i-OM4, kunye ne-OM5. I-OM1 isebenza ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyawo ezili-10 kwi-10 Gbps kwaye i-OM4 inokufikelela kwiimitha ezingama-400. I-OM3, i-OM4, kunye ne-OM5 zeze-LAN ezintsha nezikhawulezayo. Inyathelo ngalinye elinyukayo libonelela ngesantya esingaphezulu okanye likuvumela ukuba wandise intambo kude ngaphambi kokuba uphawu lombane luwohloke.

I-Simplex

Iintambo ze-Simplex fiber optic zinomtya omnye wefayibha. Zithumela imiqondiso kwicala elinye kuphela. Zilungele ii-sensors, ezinye ii-industrial links, okanye ii-alamu.

• Iingenelo zeentambo ze-simplex kunye ne-duplex: * I-Simplex: Kulula ukuyiseta kwaye ingabizi kakhulu kwizithuthi eziya kwicala elinye.

  • I-Duplex: Ixhasa intetho yabantu ababini kwaye ingcono kwiinethiwekhi.

Iintambo zeSimplex azikwazi ukudlulisa idatha ngaxeshanye. Oko kwenza ukuba zingasebenzi kangako kwimisebenzi emininzi yokunxibelelana.

I-Duplex

Iintambo zeDuplex ziqulathe iifayibha ezimbini. Zithumela idatha ngaxeshanye kuzo zombini iindlela. Uninzi lomsebenzi wenethiwekhi lufuna iintambo zeDuplex, njengakwiiofisi okanye kumaziko edatha.

Uza kudibana nezihlanganisi ze-LC okanye ze-SC kwiintambo ezimbini. Zingena izixhobo ezahlukeneyo. Ezi ntambo zibalulekile kwiinethiwekhi zefayibha zanamhlanje, apho unxibelelwano lwe-bandwidth kunye nolwecala ezimbini lubalulekile.

Iintambo ezinomlinganiselo ophezulu wefayibha, ezifana ne-864, zinceda amaziko amakhulu ekudluliseni idatha eninzi ngokukhawuleza. Iintambo ezimbalwa zisebenzisa ifayibha yeplastiki ukwenza i-short hops, kodwa zikhupha isignali ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kuneeglasi.

Ukudibanisa ukukhanya

Iintambo ze-fiber optic, ezibandakanya iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zefayibha, zithumela idatha njengokukhanya kwimicu emincinci, ethambileyo yeglasi okanye yeplastiki. Embindini wezi ntambo ze-optical fiber kukho isiseko, esakhiwe nge-silicon dioxide ecocekileyo kunye nokongezwa kancinci ukuze kukhokele ukukhanya apho kufuneka kuhambe khona. Ezi ntambo zisebenzisa ukubonakaliswa kwangaphakathi okupheleleyo, okuvumela ukukhanya ukuba kungene ezantsi embilini kwaye kugcine amandla alo kuhambo olude. Kulungile. isinxibelelanisi se-fiber opticzenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba ezi signali zokukhanya ziqhagamshelane kwaye zihlale zinamandla, zizenze zibe yeyona nto iphambili kuyo nayiphi na inethiwekhi.

I-Anatomy yesiXhobo

Embindini wesixhumi ngasinye se-fiber optic kukho i-ferrule—ityhubhu encinci, edla ngokuba yi-ceramic, ebamba i-fiber kwaye iyilungelelanise ngokuchanekileyo. Ityala likhusela i-ferrule kwaye likuvumela ukuba ucofe izixhumi zingene kwaye ziphume kwi-sockets. Nokuba ukutyibilika okuncinci kwindlela ezijongana ngayo ii-fibers ngaphakathi kwesixhumi kunokuphazamisana nomqondiso, nto leyo ebangela ilahleko okanye impazamo.

Ukuchaneka kuyabala. Ukuba isixhumi asizange senziwe ngokuchanekileyo, ukukhanya kunokuvuza okanye kujikeleze, nto leyo ebangela ukuba uqhagamshelo lucothe okanye luwe. Uninzi lwee-ferrules zenziwe nge-ceramic njengoko zibonelela ngomphezulu ogudileyo wefayibha kwaye aziyi kutshintsha imo ngobushushu. Ezinye zisebenzisa izindlu zesinyithi okanye zeplastiki ngenxa yexabiso okanye ukuguquguquka.

Iindidi Eziqhelekileyo

• IsiXhobo se-LC: Incinci, kulula ukucofa. Ilungele iirakhi ezixineneyo okanye iiphaneli zepetshi.

• Isixhumi se-SC: Imilo yesikwere, isenzo esilula sokutyhala nokutsala. Okuqhelekileyo kwiinethiwekhi zasekhaya nezeofisi.

• Isixhumi se-ST: Uyilo lwe-Twist-lock. Ixhaphakile kwiinethiwekhi zakudala okanye kwiindawo zoshishino.

• Isixhumi se-MPO: Ibamba iifayibha ezininzi ngaxeshanye. Ngamanye amazwi, isetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinkulu zedatha.

Isixhumi ngasinye, esifana nezixhumi zefayibha ye-optical, sidibana neentlobo ezithile zeentambo ezifana neentambo ze-fiber optic ze-singlemode okanye ze-multimode, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinethiwekhi zakho ze-fiber optic zihlala ziqinile kwaye zikhawuleza.

Iinketho zobuninzi obuphezulu

Izihlanganisi ezinoxinano oluphezulu zenzelwe ukuxinanisa uqhagamshelo oluninzi kwiindawo ezincinci. Kwiziko ledatha elikhulu, igumbi kunye nokukhawuleza zombini ziyabalwa. Izihlanganisi ze-MPO zikuvumela ukuba uqhagamshele iifayibha ezininzi ngaxeshanye, ugcine indawo kwaye unciphise ukuxinana.

Ezi ziluncedo ukuba ufuna ukuhambisa imithwalo yedatha phakathi kweerakhi okanye izakhiwo. Izisombululo ezinoxinano oluphezulu zilungele iindawo ezifuna ukwanda ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokunciphisa isantya okanye ukucoceka.

Ukulinganisa Ukusebenza kweCable

Ukulinganisa ukusebenza kwentambo akupheleli nje kwisantya; kubandakanya ukuvavanya ukulahleka kwesignali, amandla esignali, kunye nokuqina kwentambo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Iintambo ze-fiber optic zigcina isignali eninzi kakhulu kumgama kunezo zemveli. iintambo zobhedu, kunye ne-3% kuphela elahlekileyo kwiimitha ezili-100. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iintambo zobhedu zinokuwa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-94% kumgama ofanayo. Ngeentambo ze-fiber optic, injongo icacile: gcina uqhagamshelo lukhawuleza, lukhuselekile, kwaye luzinzile, nokuba iintambo zihamba phi.

I-OM vs. i-OS

Iintambo zefayibha zahlulwe zaba yi-OM (multimode) kunye ne-OS (singlemode). Iintambo ze-OM, okanye i-multimode, zisebenzisa i-core enkulu kwaye zivumela imisebe yokukhanya emininzi ukuba isasazeke ngaxeshanye. Olu lungiselelo lusebenza kakuhle kwiindlela ezimfutshane kwaye lusetyenziswa rhoqo kwizakhiwo zeeofisi okanye kumaziko edatha. Iintambo ze-OS, okanye i-singlemode, zinomgca omncinci kakhulu. Zidlulisela umsonto omnye wokukhanya, okunciphisa ukulahleka kwesignali kwaye kuzenze zikhethwe kwiikhonkco zohambo olude, njengesixeko nesixeko.

Ukusebenza kwayo kuxhomekeke kuhlobo. I-Multimode (OM) yeyokuvala kufutshane, kwaye i-singlemode (OS) yeyokusebenzisa ixesha elide. Imigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe, efana ne-ISO/IEC 11801 kunye ne-ITU-T G.652, ichaza zombini.

| I-OS (SM) | 8–10 μm | 40+ km | I-Telecom, umqolo | 0.19

Ukulahleka kweSignali

Ukulahleka kwesiginali, okanye ukuncitshiswa, kuxa isiginali incipha kubude bentambo. Ukugoba, ii-slices ezimbi kunye nezihlanganisi ezingabizi kakhulu zenza oku kube kubi ngakumbi. Nokuba ukugoba okuncinci ngaphandle kwerediyasi encinci yokugoba kunokubangela ilahleko enkulu. Kwintambo ye-multimode enejakethi ye-3.0 mm, kuphephe ukugoba okuqinileyo kuno-30 mm.

1. Sebenzisa imitha yamandla e-optical ukulinganisa amandla esignali kuzo zombini iziphelo.

2. Sebenzisa i-optical time-domain reflectometer (OTDR) ukuze ufumane iimpazamo kwaye ulinganise ukubonakaliswa.

3. Yenza uvavanyo lokulahlekelwa yi-insertion usebenzisa ireferensi kunye nentambo yokutshintsha. Oku kuvavanya ukuba ingakanani imiqondiso elahlekayo kwizixhumi kwaye kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi kwe-0.4 dB kwi-singlemode.

4. Vavanya rhoqo ukuze ufumane iimpazamo kwangethuba kwaye ugcine ixesha lokuphumla liphantsi!

Iintambo ze-singlemode ezisemgangathweni olungileyo zilahlekelwa yi-0.19 dB kuphela ngekhilomitha nganye kwi-1550 nm. Iifayibha zeplastiki ezikhanyayo zilahlekelwa yi-1 dB ngemitha nganye kwi-650 nm. Umgangatho kunye nohlobo lwento.

Uvavanyo lweJacket

Uvavanyo lwejakethi lubonisa ukuba intambo ayitshi, ayitshisi, okanye ifanelekile na kwiindawo ezishushu. Imigangatho efana ne-OFNR (Optical Fiber Nonconductive Riser) kunye ne-OFNP (Plenum) ikuxelela apho iintambo zingaya khona. I-OFNP ikhuselekile kwiipayipi zomoya, kwaye i-OFNR isebenza kwizinyuko phakathi komgangatho.

Iijakethi azisongelwanga nje ngephepha elihle. Ziyingozi kukhuseleko kwaye zinokuphula imithetho yendawo. Intambo engabizi kakhulu inokunyibilika okanye ivumele umsi onetyhefu ukuba ungene, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezixineneyo. Soloko ufanisa ijakethi nemithetho yezakhiwo kunye neyelizwe. Inceda ukugcina abantu bekhuselekile kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba ifayibha ihlala ixesha elide, nokuba iphantsi koxinzelelo.

Impembelelo Engabonakaliyo

Iintambo ze-fiber optic, eziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeenethiwekhi ze-fiber optic, zisebenza njengesiseko esithuleyo sobomi bedijithali, zimisela ubomi behlabathi, abasebenzi, kunye nonxibelelwano. Iziphumo zazo zidlulela ngaphaya kokukhanya kwe-broadband, zichaphazela uqoqosho lwehlabathi kunye nophuhliso lwendalo.

Umda weNdalo

Iintambo ze-fiber optic zisebenzisa amandla amancinci kune-copper ekudluliseleni idatha. Zidlulisela imitha ngee-pulses zokukhanya, hayi umbane, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kubekho ikhabhoni encinci ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ubukhulu obuncinci be-fiber bubangela ukuba izinto eziluhlaza zingasetyenziswa kakhulu ngexesha lokwenziwa, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuphazamisa umhlaba nomgangatho wolwandle omncinci kuneentambo ezindala.

Uninzi lwezinto zefayibha yi-silica, uhlobo lweglasi, enokusetyenziswa kwakhona. Oku kunceda ekuzinzeni ngokubanzi kwenethiwekhi. Xa ezo ntambo zindala zitshintshwa ekugqibeleni, iifayibha zeglasi kunye nezinye iiplastiki zinokuphinda zisetyenziswe kwakhona, ngoko ke inkunkuma incinci. Iifayibha ze-optics zixhasa iiprojekthi eziluhlaza, ngokunceda ukwenza iigridi ezikrelekrele kunye namandla avuselelekayo athembeke ngakumbi. Uqhagamshelo lwazo olune-bandwidth ephezulu kunye ne-low-latency lunceda izixeko ekujonganeni nasekunciphiseni ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, ziqhubela iindawo zokuhlala kwiithagethi zekhabhoni.

Utshintsho lwezoqoqosho

Itekhnoloji ye-fibre optic itshintshe indlela eqhutywa ngayo ishishini kuba iintambo ezikhawulezayo zivumela urhwebo lwehlabathi, ezezimali, kunye ne-cloud computing ngexesha langempela, kwaye ukucima kungabiza iibhiliyoni ngosuku ngenxa yokulahleka komsebenzi kunye neshishini.

Ukutyala imali kwiinethiwekhi zefayibha kuqhuba imisebenzi, kungekuphela nje kwiinjineli kodwa nakubafaki kunye namaqela enkxaso asekuhlaleni. Yonke imigca emitsha iguqulela kwiimbopheleleko ezongezelelweyo, ukusuka ekucwangciseni ukuya ekulungiseni. Ixabiso lokubeka intambo ye-transoceanic liqala kwi-$250 yezigidi ukuya kwi-$400 yezigidi, kodwa umvuzo mkhulu kakhulu. Imfuno ye-bandwidth yamazwe ngamazwe ikhule nge-45% minyaka le ukususela ngo-2017 ukuya ku-2021. Le nethiwekhi iqhuba ubuchule, ivumela amashishini amancinci aqalayo kunye noluntu lwasemaphandleni ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kuqoqosho lwedijithali ngokulula.

Umgangatho woFakelo

Nentambo engcono kakhulu ayisebenzi ukuba ayifakwanga kakuhle. Izinto ezibangela iingxaki zizinto ezibangela ukuba i-signal ingasebenzi okanye ingasebenzi. Ezi ngxaki zibangela ukuba i-signal ingasebenzi. Umzekelo, intambo ezingaphantsi kolwandle zifuna iinyanga ukuba zifakwe kwaye zifuna iiveki ukuba zilungiswe ukuba ziqhekekile.

Uluhlu lokujonga umgangatho luquka: ukucwangcisa ngononophelo indlela, ukugcina imicu ithe tye kwaye icocekile, ukuvavanya uqhagamshelo, kunye nokuvala amalungu emanzini. Abafaki kufuneka bafunde indlela yokuchonga iimpazamo ezincinci baze basebenzise izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kumsebenzi ngamnye.

Iindlela ezilungileyo zicacile: ungangxami, gcina indawo yokusebenza icocekile, jonga kabini yonke into edibeneyo, kwaye soloko uvavanya ngaphambi kokuba ushiye indawo. Loo ngqalelo igcina idatha isasazwa kwaye yonakaliswe ngendlela engaqhelekanga, nangona iintambo zijikeleza amawaka eekhilomitha phantsi kolwandle.

Ikamva loThumelo

Iintambo ze-fiber optic zibumba indlela ihlabathi elidlulisela ngayo ulwazi, ingakumbi ngokunyuka kwe-intanethi ye-fiber. Njengoko amazinga edatha ephindaphindeka phantse rhoqo emva kweminyaka emihlanu, imfuno yoqhagamshelo olukhawulezayo noluthembekileyo iyaqhubeka nokukhula. Ukulahleka okuphantsi kwesignali kunye nenkxaso ende yeentambo ze-fiber optical kuzenza zibe lolona khetho lukhethwayo kwiinethiwekhi zexesha elizayo, kubandakanya ukutshintshela kwi-5G, 5.5G, kunye ne-6G. Uphando oluphambili lwenza i-fiber optics ibe nobuchule ngakumbi kwaye lusilungiselela izinto ezintsha ezidlula umbono wethu wangoku.

Isayensi yezinto eziphathekayo

Iindidi ezintsha zeglasi kunye neepolymers eziphambili ziphinda zibhale imida yeentambo ze-fiber optic. Ezi laphu zonyusa isantya kunye nokuqina, zinceda iintambo ekuchaseni izinto ezinoburhalarhume kunye nokungqubana kwemihla ngemihla. I-nanotechnology iqala ukungena kulo mfanekiso, ivumela abaphandi ukuba benze imicu eqinileyo, ebhityileyo enokuthembeka okuphuculweyo kokudlulisela. Umzekelo, ukufaka izakhiwo ezincinci ngaphakathi kweglasi kunokunciphisa ukusasazeka kokukhanya, okubangela ukulahleka kwesignali okunciphileyo. Izazinzulu kwihlabathi liphela zizama izinto ezintsha ezithintela umswakama kwaye zixhathise umonakalo ogobileyo, konke oku ukuze kwandiswe ubomi bentambo yefayibha ngaphandle kokunciphisa umgangatho. Umsebenzi wakutshanje webhubhoratri ubonakalise nokuba iifayibha ezinee-element zomhlaba ezinqabileyo zinokudlulisela ulwazi oluthe kratya ngaphandle kokunyusa amazinga eempazamo.

Izicelo Ezivelayo

Kwizixeko ezikrelekrele, iinethiwekhi ze-fiber optic zinceda ekudibaniseni izithuthi zikawonke-wonke, izithuthi, kunye neegridi zamandla, zigcina ulwazi luhamba ngokungenamthungo nangokukhawuleza. Kwi-Intanethi yezinto, iintambo ze-fiber optic zibonelela ngomqolo oqinileyo onika amandla izixhobo ezininzi ezixhunyiweyo. Kwizonyango, ii-fiber optics zivela kwiikhamera ezincinci zokwenza utyando olungenamdla kangako nakwiindawo ezikhawulezayo zokudibanisa imifanekiso yedijithali. Izixhobo ze-Augmented kunye ne-virtual reality zixhomekeke kwi-fiber ukunciphisa ukulibaziseka nokwandisa i-realism. I-Telecom nayo iyatshintsha. I-Fiber ngoku isisiseko sesantya kunye nokufikelela kwilifu, kwaye ibekwe kwindawo efanelekileyo yokulungiselela indlela ezayo njengoko abantu abaninzi bengena kwi-intanethi ukusebenza nokusasaza.

Ukhuseleko lweNethiwekhi

Ukukhusela iinethiwekhi ze-fiber optic ngoku kuyinto ephambili njengoko idatha engaphezulu ihamba kwezi ntambo ze-fiber optic. Ngenxa yokuba i-fiber idlulisela idatha eninzi kangaka, naluphi na uqhekeko olunye lunokuba yintlekele. Ukubethela kubalulekile, okwenza kube nzima ukuqonda oko kuthunyelwa ngaphaya kwemigca. Amanyathelo okhuseleko ongezelelweyo, njengokuqonda iipateni zokukhanya ukuze kuphazamiseke, kubonelela ngokuqinisekiswa okongezelelweyo. Ukusasazwa kwe-modal kwi-multimode fibers kusavula imingxunya kubaphangi, ngelixa kuvela izoyikiso ezintsha njengoko isantya sokudlulisa sisanda. Ababoneleli bazama iinkqubo ezingqongqo ngakumbi kwaye basebenzise i-single-mode fiber kwi-traffic enovakalelo, ende ukuze kuncitshiswe izoyikiso.

Isiphelo

Iintambo ze-fiber optic zithwala ukukhanya ngokukhawuleza nangokucocekileyo. Zidibanisa amakhaya neentsapho, zisebenza kwiinethiwekhi ezinkulu kwaye zikhuthaza uninzi lwehlabathi elikwi-intanethi kwizixeko ezikhulu nakwiidolophu ezikude. Loo ntambo incinci-encinci inokudlulisa iimuvi, iifowuni, kunye neefayile ngaxeshanye. Intambo ye-fiber optic - i-fiber ecacileyo inokususa ukulibaziseka kunye nedatha elahlekileyo. Ukuphuculwa kukhutshwa ngalo lonke ixesha, ngoko ke inyathelo elilandelayo lihamba ngokukhawuleza nangakumbi. Iivenkile ezincinci ukuya kwiinkampani ezinkulu zixhomekeke kuzo ukuze zikhule kwaye zihlale zihlakaniphile. Ngoko ke xa ulandela kwi-intanethi, cinga ngaloo ntambo yeglasi ebhityileyo isebenza egameni lakho. Ngaba ufuna ukufumana okungakumbi okanye ujonge ukuba i-fiber inokunceda njani indawo yakho? Nxibelelana neenketho zasekuhlaleni okanye ubuze kubahlobo bakho abanolwazi ngobuchwepheshe.

Imibuzo ebuzwa qho

Yintoni intambo ye-fiber optic?

Intambo ye-fiber optic ngumsonto obhityileyo weglasi okanye weplastiki othwala ulwazi ngendlela yokukhanya. Ibonelela ngonxibelelwano olukhawulezayo nolunamandla aphezulu kumgama omde.

Iintambo ze-fiber optic zidlulisela njani idatha?

Iintambo ze-fiber optic, ezisebenzisa iifayibha ze-optical, zithwala ulwazi ngokukhanya, kunye nemiqondiso yokukhanya ehamba embindini ize itsibe eludongeni, iqinisekisa ukuba idatha iyazipha ngesantya esigobileyo.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zeentambo ze-fiber optic?

Iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zeentambo ze-optical fiber ziintambo ze-single-mode kunye neentambo ze-multimode fiber optic. I-single-mode yenzelwe umgama omde, ngelixa i-multimode ifanelekile kwiintambo ezimfutshane ezakhiweyo.

Ilinganiswa njani ukusebenza kweentambo ze-fiber optic?

Ukusebenza kuquka i-bandwidth, isantya sedatha, kunye nokunciphisa, okubaluleke kakhulu kwiinethiwekhi ze-fiber optic, okuchaphazela amandla kunye nomgama wokudluliselwa kwedatha ngaphandle kokulahleka okukhulu.

Kutheni iintambo ze-fiber optic zibalulekile kunxibelelwano lwanamhlanje?

Iintambo ze-fiber optic, ezibalulekileyo kwi-intanethi ye-fiber kunye nokudluliselwa kwedatha, zibonelela nge-intanethi ekhawulezayo kunye neefowuni ezikhawulezayo, ezisebenza njengesiseko sonxibelelwano lwehlabathi kunye nokwandiswa kobuchwepheshe.

Zithini iingenelo zokusebenzisa iintambo ze-fiber optic kuneentambo zekopolo zemveli?

Iintambo ze-fiber optic, ezaziwa ngesantya sazo esiphezulu kunye ne-bandwidth ephezulu, zilula kwaye zihlala ixesha elide kuneentambo zekopolo zendabuko, nto leyo ezenza zilungele iinethiwekhi ze-fiber optic.

Liyintoni ikamva letekhnoloji ye-fiber optic?

Kuba akupheleli nje ekudibaniseni ikhaya lakho ngeentambo ze-fiber optic. Ikamva liza nesantya esikhawulezayo, uqhagamshelo olungcono, kunye nokusetyenziswa okwandisiweyo kwizixeko ezikrelekrele, ukhathalelo lwempilo, kunye nemfundo ngokusebenzisa iinethiwekhi ze-fiber optic eziphambili. Uphando luyaqhubeka nokukhulisa amandla kunye nokunciphisa iindleko kwihlabathi liphela.