• Zingwe za OS, kapena ulusi wa single-mode, ndi ulusi wa single-mode womwe ndi wabwino kwambiri pa mtunda wautali komanso kutumiza deta mwachangu. Zingwe za OM ndi ulusi wa multimode, woyenera kwambiri pa netiweki ya mtunda waufupi. Kudziwa kusiyana kumeneku kumatsimikizira kuti mukupeza magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri pa pulogalamu yanu.

• Ulusi wa OS1 umakonzedwa bwino kuti ugwiritsidwe ntchito m'nyumba, momwe mtunda umakhala waufupi komanso kuchepetsedwa kwamkati kumakhala kwakukulu. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ulusi wa OS2 ndi woyenera kwambiri pa malo akunja ndi ntchito zazitali chifukwa umachepetsa kuchepetsedwa.

• Zingwe za OM zimagawidwa ndi miyezo (OM1-OM5) ndipo chilichonse chimapereka kuchuluka kosiyana kwa bandwidth ndi mtunda. OM3 ndi OM4 zokonzedwa bwino ndi laser zimapereka magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, OM5 yokhala ndi chithandizo cha multimode cha mafunde angapo imapereka maukonde oteteza mtsogolo.

• Kukula kwa pakati Kumaonedwa kuti ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri posankha ulusi. Zingwe za single-mode (OS1/OS2) zimagwiritsa ntchito pakati pang'ono kwambiri, zomwe ndi zoyenera kutumiza mwachangu komanso nthawi yayitali. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ulusi wa multimode (OM), chifukwa cha ma cores awo okhuthala, umawala m'malo olumikizirana.

• Kuchuluka kwa ma bandwidth ndi kuchepa kwa ma signal kumagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukula kwa deta komanso mtundu wa ma signal. Kusankha chingwe chabwino kwambiri malinga ndi izi kumabweretsa magwiridwe antchito abwino komanso odalirika a netiweki.

• Unikani mtunda wa netiweki yanu, kuchuluka kwa ma bandwidth, ndi kufalikira komwe kukufunika mtsogolo kuti musankhe bwino pakati pa ulusi wa OS ndi OM womwe ukugwirizana ndi bajeti yanu komanso zofunikira zaukadaulo.

Tsopano mukudziwa kusiyana pakati pa OS1, OS2 ndi OM1 kudzera pa OM5, ndi zomwe zikugwirizana ndi pulogalamu yanu. OS1 ndi OS2 ndi mitundu yodziwika bwino ya ulusi wa optical single-mode fibers (ITU).

OS1 ndi yabwino kwambiri kugwiritsidwa ntchito mkati mwa nyumba m'malo afupiafupi, pomwe OS2 ndi yabwino kwambiri pakuyenda panja kwa nthawi yayitali. OM1 ndi OM2 ndi zabwino pamakina osavuta kukhazikitsa, koma OM3, OM4, ndi OM5 zimawala kwambiri pa liwiro lalikulu komanso mtunda wautali.

Mwa mitundu isanu, OM1, OM2, OM3, OM4, ndi OM5 zonse zimaonedwa kuti ndi multimode fiber. OM5 imayambitsa kugwirizana kwa ntchito mu ntchito za wideband.

Mtundu uliwonse uli ndi cholinga chake malinga ndi mtunda wawo, liwiro lawo, ndi malo omwe ali. M'magawo otsatirawa, tikambirana kusiyana kwawo, momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito, ndi ubwino wawo kuti tiwonetsetse kuti mwasankha yoyenera zosowa zanu.

Ma Cable a OS ndi OM Fiber: Chidule

Zingwe za fiber optic, zomwe zimabwera mu mawonekedwe a OS (Optical Single-mode) ndi OM (Optical Multimode), ndi maziko a zomangamanga za maukonde masiku ano. Maina awo nthawi zambiri amachokera ku kapangidwe kake, magwiridwe antchito, ndi magwiritsidwe ntchito ake.

Kudziwa kusiyana pakati pa mitundu iyi ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti muzitha kusankha bwino pazochitika zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsira ntchito maukonde.

Kumvetsetsa Zingwe za OS Fiber

Zingwe za OS zimakhala ndi ulusi wa single-mode, womwe umadziwika ndi kukula kwake kochepa, nthawi zambiri mainchesi 8-10 m'mimba mwake. Kapangidwe kameneka kamatanthauza kuti amatha kutumiza kuwala m'njira imodzi yokha, kuchepetsa kusokonekera kwa ma signal pamtunda wautali.

OS1 ndi OS2 ndi mitundu iwiri yayikulu. Zingwe za OS1 ndizabwino kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito mkati ndipo zimakhala ndi mphamvu yotsika ya 2 dB/km pa 1550 nm. Poyerekeza, zingwe za OS2 ndizofunika kwambiri pa intaneti yakunja ndi yayitali, zimagwira ntchito bwino pa mafunde a 1310 kapena 1550 nanometers.

Kulankhulana pa telefoni ndi kutumiza deta kutali nthawi zambiri kumadalira zingwe za OS. Zimatsimikizira kulondola kwambiri komanso kuwonongeka kochepa kwa chizindikiro, zomwe zonsezi ndizofunikira kwambiri pakulankhulana bwino.

Ngakhale kuti amafuna magwero okwera mtengo a laser, magwiridwe antchito awo osayerekezeka pa ntchito zazitali amatsimikizira kuti ndalamazo ndi zabwino.

Kufufuza Zingwe za OM Fiber

Zingwe za OM, zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti multimode fibers, zimadziwika ndi ma cores awo akuluakulu, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mainchesi 50 mpaka 62.5. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuwala kumatha kuyenda m'njira zosiyanasiyana, ndichifukwa chake zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito pa intaneti yapafupi.

OM1 ili ndi pakati pa ma micron 62.5 ndipo imatumiza deta mpaka mamita 984 pa liwiro la 10 Gbps. Poyerekeza, OM2 imachulukitsa mtunda umenewo kawiri, kufika pa liwiro la kutumiza mpaka mamita 1,804 pa liwiro lomwelo.

OM3, OM4, ndi OM5 zimapereka ma bandwidth ochulukirapo motsatizana, omwe ndi oyenera kwambiri malo osungira deta othamanga kwambiri komanso ma network a masukulu amakono.

Kodi N'chiyani Chimasiyanitsa Ma Fiber a OS ndi OM?

Kumvetsetsa kusiyana pakati pa ulusi wa Optical Singlemode (OS) ndi Optical Multimode (OM) ndikofunikira posankha mtundu woyenera wa chingwe pa ntchito zinazake. Kusiyana kumeneku kumachitika chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa kapangidwe kake, magwiridwe antchito, zoyezera, kuthekera kwa mtunda ndi ntchito zabwino zogwiritsira ntchito.

1. Kusiyana Kwambiri: Njira Imodzi vs. Njira Zambiri

Kupatula apo, kukula kwa pakati ndikofunikira pa kutumiza chizindikiro. Izi zikuwonetsedwa ndi ulusi wa OS, womwe uli ndi mainchesi ochepa kwambiri, nthawi zambiri ma microns 8–10, zomwe zimathandiza kutumiza kwa single-mode. Kapangidwe kameneka kamachepetsa kufalikira kwa modal, zomwe zimathandiza ulusi wa OS kugwira ntchito bwino pamtunda wautali.

Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ulusi wa OM sunali wolondola kwenikweni pa ma transmission afupiafupi. Ulusi wa OM uli ndi kukula kwakukulu kwapakati komwe kuli pakati pa ma microns 50 ndi 62.5. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kuwala ifalikire, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kufalikira kwakukulu kwa modal komanso kuchepetsa kwambiri mtunda ndi mphamvu za bandwidth.

Kuphatikiza apo, magwiridwe antchito amakhudzidwa ndi momwe ntchito ikuyendera. Ulusi wa OS umagwira ntchito pa ma wavelength a 1310 kapena 1550-nanometer. Amafuna magwero okwera mtengo a laser, chifukwa cha kulondola kwawo kwakukulu. Ulusi wa OM umagwira ntchito pa ma wavelength afupiafupi, monga ma nanometer 850. Amagwiritsa ntchito magwero otsika mtengo a kuwala kwa LED, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito patali pang'ono.

2. Ziwerengero za Magwiridwe Antchito: OS vs OM

Bandwidth ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakugwira ntchito bwino. Chifukwa chakuti ulusi wa OS umawonetsa zinthu zazitali kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ulusi wa OM, ulusi wa OS umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri polumikizirana mwachangu komanso mtunda wautali.

Chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa modal, ulusi wa OM ndi woyenera kwambiri kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yochepa.

3. Kutha kwa Kutali ndi Bandwidth

Zingwe za OS zimagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri pa ntchito za nthawi yayitali. OS1 imayesedwa kuti igwire ntchito mpaka makilomita 1.2. OS2 imawirikiza kawiri mtunda woposa makilomita 6.2, zonse ziwiri zimafuna kutayika kwakukulu kwa 1.0 dB/km.

Ulusi wa OM umapangidwira kutalika kochepa, ndipo mtunda wokwera nthawi zambiri umakhala pafupifupi mayadi 550 pogwiritsa ntchito muyezo wa OM4. Umasunga malo otsika a 3.0 dB/km. Pakugwiritsa ntchito ma bandwidth apamwamba, ulusi wa OS umaposa OM chifukwa cha kutumiza kwa single-mode komanso kufalikira kochepa.

4. Zochitika Zogwiritsira Ntchito Mtundu Uliwonse

Zingwe za OS ndizoyenera kwambiri pa maukonde olumikizirana ndi maukonde ena akutali, kuphatikizapo maulalo a data pakati pa mzinda. Kutha kwawo kusunga kukhulupirika kwa ma signal pamtunda wautali ndi komwe kumawapangitsa kukhala ofunikira kwambiri m'malo omwe anthu ambiri amawafuna.

Zimenezi zimapangitsa kuti mawaya a OM akhale chisankho chabwino kwambiri cha maulumikizidwe othamanga kwambiri, okhala ndi ma multimode m'ma netiweki am'deralo (LANs), malo osungira deta, ndi ma netiweki akusukulu. Ndi oyenera kwambiri mtunda wapakati womwe umafuna maulumikizidwe amphamvu komanso othamanga kwambiri.

Kudumphira mozama: OM Fiber Standards (OM1-OM5)

Zingwe za multimode fiber optic (OM1-OM5) zakula mofulumira kuti zigwirizane ndi kufunikira kwakukulu kwa maukonde ofunikira kwambiri komanso othamanga. Muyezo uliwonse umapereka mphamvu zapadera zokhudzana ndi bandwidth, mtunda, ndi mapulogalamu, zomwe zimathandiza kupanga zoyenera bwino pa chilichonse m'malo osiyanasiyana.

Kudziwa momwe miyezo iyi imasiyanirana pakugwiritsa ntchito ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mupeze yankho labwino kwambiri pazosowa zanu zapadera zolumikizirana.

OM1 ndi OM2: Ulusi Wachikale wa Multimode

OM1 ndi OM2 zinali mibadwo yoyamba ya ulusi wa multimode, wopangidwa makamaka poganizira za kulumikizana kwa mtunda waufupi. OM1 imathandizira mtunda wa 6,561 ft ndipo imapereka bandwidth ya 160 MHz·km.

OM2 imasunga mulingo womwewo monga OM1 koma imawonjezera bandwidth kufika pa 500 MHz·km. Zonsezi zimadalira ma transmitter a LED, omwe amaletsa kuthekera kwawo kufika pa liwiro lalikulu komanso bandwidth.

Kale, zingwe izi zinkapezeka kawirikawiri m'ma network ndi machitidwe akale, kuphatikizapo malo a Ethernet omwe ankagwira ntchito pa 10 Mbps mpaka 100 Mbps. Pamene zosowa za netiweki zinkasunthika kuti zithandizire kuthamanga kwambiri, ulusi wa multimode uwu unayamba kutha ntchito.

Masiku ano, OM1 ndi OM2 sizigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale atsopano koma zikugwiritsidwabe ntchito m'mafakitale omwe alipo kale.

OM3 ndi OM4: Ulusi Wokonzedwa ndi Laser

OM3 ndi OM4 adayambitsa ukadaulo wa multimode wokonzedwa ndi laser (LOMMF), womwe udapereka kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa bandwidth ndi mtunda. OM3 ndi OM4 zimafika mamita 16,404 ndi 2.5 GHz·km ndi 32,808 mapazi ndi 4.7 GHz·km, motsatana.

Zingwe izi ndi zabwino kwambiri pa ntchito zothamanga kwambiri monga malo osungira deta ndi maukonde amakampani, zomwe zimathandiza kuthamanga kwa kutumiza kwa ma data mpaka 100 Gbps. Ndipotu, zambiri za OM4 zomwe zimagulitsidwa masiku ano zimalengezedwa pansi pa dzina la ulusi wapamwamba wa OM3 chifukwa cha kuthekera kogwirira ntchito kofanana.

OM5: Ulusi wa Wideband Multimode

OM5, muyezo waposachedwa kwambiri, wapangidwa kuti uthandizire mafunde angapo opitilira 850 nm, kuphatikiza 880 nm ndi 940 nm. Umapereka bandwidth ya 28 GHz·km.

Imathandizira liwiro la 40 Gbps ndi 100 Gbps pa mtunda waufupi pakati pa mamita 100 (mapazi 328) mpaka mamita 150 (mapazi 492). Kapangidwe kake ndi kabwino kwambiri pa ukadaulo wapamwamba, monga wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), zomwe zimathandiza kuti pakhale chitetezo chamtsogolo pa maukonde a mibadwo yotsatira.

Zinthu Zofunika Kwambiri za OM1 mpaka OM5

• OM1: 6,561 ft, 160 MHz·km, yochokera ku LED.

• OM2: 6,561 ft, 500 MHz·km, yochokera ku LED.

• OM3: 16,404 ft, 2.5 GHz·km, yokonzedwa bwino ndi laser.

• OM4: 32,808 ft, 4.7 GHz·km, yokonzedwa bwino ndi laser.

• OM5: 492 ft, 28 GHz·km, yokonzedwa bwino ndi laser, imathandizira WDM.

Mitundu ya OS Fiber: Kuyerekeza Kwatsatanetsatane

Kusankha ulusi, makamaka poyerekeza ulusi wa OS1 ndi OS2, ndi ntchito yomvetsetsa makhalidwe osiyanasiyana ndi ntchito zomwe zikuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Chilichonse ndi ulusi wa mtundu umodzi koma kufanana kwake kumathera pa kapangidwe kake, makhalidwe a ntchito ndi ntchito zake. Ulusi wa OS nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi ma cores opapatiza kwambiri kuposa ulusi wa OM, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ukhale woyenera kutumiza chizindikiro chakutali chomwe chimapezeka mu mauthenga.

Ayenera kugwira ntchito pa ma wavelength a 1310 kapena 1550 nanometer, zomwe zimafuna magwero a laser olondola komanso okwera mtengo.

OS1: Mapulogalamu a M'nyumba

Ulusi wa OS1 wapangidwa makamaka kuti ugwirizane ndi zofunikira pa maukonde afupiafupi komanso mkati mwa nyumba. Uli ndi mphamvu yokwana makilomita awiri okha komanso liwiro la 1 mpaka 10 Gb/s. Chifukwa chake, ndi woyenera kwambiri pa makonzedwe aliwonse a netiweki yapafupi (LAN), kutumizidwa kwa malo osungira deta, kapena mawonekedwe a ofesi ya kampani.

Kapangidwe kawo kamapangitsa kuti zinthu zikhale zosavuta komanso kuchepetsa ndalama zoyikira mkati mwa nyumba, pomwe amapereka malo olumikizirana olimba a makina kuti azitha kuyikira panja modalirika. Mphamvu zawo zogwirira ntchito zimakhala zochepa pazochitika zomwe zimafuna liwiro lachangu kapena mtunda wautali, chifukwa zotsatira zake zimakhala zoonekera kwambiri.

Ulusi wa OS1 nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi chiŵerengero cha kuchepa kwa 1.0 dB pa kilomita. M'malo mwake, chiŵerengerochi n'chokwanira pothamanga kwaufupi koma sichimadula mtunda wautali.

OS2: Mapulogalamu Akunja

Kuphatikiza apo, ulusi wa OS2 umagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri pa ntchito zakutali, zakunja—monga ma backbone a kulumikizana kwa telefoni ndi ma network apakati pa mizinda. Umathandizira mtunda wothandizana ndi zoyendera wa makilomita 5 mpaka 10 (makilomita 5 mpaka 10). Ndi mtunda wa bandwidth wa 4.0 GHz·km, ndi woyenera kwambiri kutumiza mauthenga akutali.

Kapangidwe kawo kolimba kamatha kupirira nyengo kuti kapereke kulimba kosatha komanso khalidwe la chizindikiro choyera bwino m'misewu yayitali. Ulusi wa OS2 ndi wabwino kwambiri pamlingo wautali wa chizindikiro ndi kutsika kwa liwiro la 0.4 dB pa kilomita pa 1310 nm.

Ndi magwiridwe antchito awa omwe amawapangitsa kukhala abwino kuposa ulusi wa OS1.

Kusiyana kwa Kuchepetsa kwa Ma Fiber a OS

Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya chizindikiro kumakhudza magwiridwe antchito mwa kufooketsa mphamvu ya chizindikiro. Ulusi wa OS1 umafunika kuchepetsa mphamvu ya 4 dB/km, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ugwiritsidwe ntchito mtunda waufupi.

Koma ulusi wa OS2 umapereka mphamvu yabwino yochepetsera zizindikiro kuti zisunge ma siginecha apamwamba patali, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pa ntchito zakunja.

Kusiyana kwa Ukadaulo ndi Zotsatira za Magwiridwe Antchito

Kumvetsetsa kusiyana pakati pa ulusi wa OS (Optical Single-mode) ndi OM (Optical Multimode) ndikofunikira kwambiri posankha yankho loyenera pazosowa za netiweki. Kusiyana kumeneku kumachokera makamaka ku kukula kwa ma core ndi bandwidth ya modal.

Zinthu zimenezi zimagwirizanitsidwa kuti zikhudze kufalitsa deta ndipo pamapeto pake zimalamulira momwe mtundu uliwonse umagwirira ntchito m'mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana.

Kukula kwa Pakati ndi Kufunika Kwake

Kukula kwa pakati komwe kumawonetsedwa kumakhudza mwachindunji zizindikiro za kuwala koyendetsedwa ndi ma pulsed zomwe zimatumizidwa kudzera mu zingwe za optic fiber. Ulusi wa single-mode (OS1, OS2) uli ndi pakati pa ulusi woonda, wa 9-micron, zomwe zimathandiza kuti kuwala kuyende njira imodzi yokha.

Ili ndi kapangidwe kabwino kwambiri kochepetsera kufalikira. Motero, zizindikiro zimatha kuphimba mtunda wodabwitsa: makilomita 15.5 pa 1310 nm ndi makilomita 24.8 pa 1550 nm, ndi kuchuluka kwa kuchepetsedwa kwa 0.4 dB/km ndi 0.3 dB/km, kuchuluka kochepa kwa kutayika kwa chizindikiro.

Poyerekeza, ulusi wa multimode (OM1-OM5) uli ndi ma cores akuluakulu (50 mpaka 62.5 microns), zomwe zimathandiza kuti kuwala kuyende m'njira zingapo. Ngakhale kuti njira iyi yopangira zinthu imathandiza kuti deta ikhale yochuluka kwambiri, imawonjezera kutayika kwa chizindikiro patali.

OM1 imapereka kuchepetsedwa kwakukulu kuposa OM4. Kapangidwe katsopano ka OM4 kogwira ntchito bwino kwambiri kamapangitsa kuti ntchito zikhale zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito pa nthawi yochepa.

Kufotokozera kwa Bandwidth ya Modal

Mu bandwidth ya modal, yoyesedwa mu MHz·km, kuthekera kwa ulusi kunyamula chidziwitso kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa ulusi wake. bandwidth ya OM4 (4700 MHz·km pa 850 nm) imaposa kwambiri OM3 (2000 MHz·km), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma transmissions azitha kutumizidwa mwachangu komanso mokhazikika.

OM5 ikupita patsogolo pang'ono, ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino kulikonse komwe timagwiritsa ntchito mafunde ofikira 940 nm.

Zotsatira pa Mitengo Yotumizira Deta

Pamodzi kukula kwapakati ndi bandwidth zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa kutumiza. Pa ntchito zazifupi komanso zothamanga kwambiri, ulusi wa multimode umapereka magwiridwe antchito amphamvu, kuthandizira mtunda wa 100 Gbps pa mtunda waufupi.

Ulusi wa single-mode, wopangidwa kuti utayike pang'ono momwe zingathere, umakwaniritsa zosowa zazitali komanso zapamwamba mosavuta.

Kusankha Chingwe Choyenera cha Ulusi

Kusankha chingwe chabwino kwambiri cha ulusi pa netiweki yanu kumatanthauza kupeza kusiyana koyenera pakati pa magwiridwe antchito, mtengo, ndi zofunikira kwa nthawi yayitali. Monga tafotokozera kale, mtundu uliwonse wa ulusi uli ndi mphamvu zapadera zomwe zimagwirizana ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana.

Choyamba, pezani chithunzi chomveka bwino cha zosowa za netiweki yanu. Pambuyo pake, yesani zinthu zina monga mtunda, bandwidth, ndi bajeti kuti musankhe chingwe choyenera cha fiber chomwe chikugwirizana ndi zosowa zanu. Pitirizani werengani pamene tikufotokoza zina mwa zinthu zazikulu zomwe muyenera kuganizira kuti zikuthandizeni kutsogolera chisankho chanu.

Yesani Zofunikira pa Network Yanu

Yambani podziwa zofunikira zapadera za netiweki yanu. Ulusi wa single-mode (OS2) ndi woyenera kwambiri pa ntchito zakutali, monga kulumikizana kwa mafoni, komwe kulumikizana kumapitilira mtunda wautali.

Ulusi wa Multimode (OM1–OM5) umagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri polumikizana patali. Ndi njira zabwino zolumikizira zida mkati mwa nyumba kapena sukulu, ndipo OM1 nthawi zambiri imagwira ntchito mtunda wokwana mamita mazana angapo.

Tiyenera kuganizira za zomwe zidzafunike pa data mtsogolo. Mwachitsanzo, OM5 imathandizira mafunde ochulukirapo a wavelengths imapatsa mwayi wosintha zinthu zambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yankho labwino kwambiri pa maukonde omwe ali ndi zosowa zamtsogolo.

Ganizirani Zosowa za Kutali ndi Bandwidth

Mtunda ndi bandwidth ndizofunikira kwambiri posankha ulusi woyenera kugwiritsa ntchito. Ulusi wa single-mode umapereka magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri pa mtunda wautali, pomwe ulusi wa multimode ndi wabwino kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito kwa nthawi yochepa.

Ulusi wa OM3 ndi OM4 multimode umathandizira mtunda wa mamita 550 pa liwiro la 10Gbps. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kugwira ntchito za liwiro lapamwamba komanso zakutali.

Magwiridwe antchito amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kusiyana kwa mainchesi apakati. Ulusi wa multimode uli ndi ma cores okhuthala, nthawi zambiri amakhala ma microns 50 kapena 62.5, zomwe zimawalola kunyamula mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kuwala.

Yesani Mtengo ndi Bajeti

Ulusi wa single-mode ndi wokwera mtengo kwambiri chifukwa cha kulekerera kochepa komanso magwero okwera mtengo a laser, nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito pa ma wavelength a 1310 kapena 1550 nm.

Ulusi wa Multimode, womwe umapanga 80% ya malo oyika, umapereka njira yotsika mtengo kwambiri pa mtunda waufupi, pomwe umaperekabe magwiridwe antchito olimba ofunikira.

Kutsimikizira Zamtsogolo Netiweki Yanu

Kuteteza mtsogolo kungakhale kofunikira kwambiri. Kusankha njira zothetsera ulusi zosinthasintha komanso zokulirakulira kumatsimikizira mtsogolo kuti netiweki yanu idzakhala yotetezeka komanso imakupatsani ufulu wogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo watsopano pamene ukukula.

Kuganizira za Mtengo wa Fiber Optics

Poganizira za kugwiritsa ntchito fiber optic, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakati pa Single-Mode (OS1 & OS2) ndi Multi-Mode (OM1 mpaka OM5). Ndalama zimenezi zimasiyana osati pa nthawi yoyambira yokha, komanso pa nthawi yokonza nthawi yayitali. Chilichonse mwa zinthuzi chimakhudza mwachindunji mtengo, phindu ndi kuthekera kopanga fiber optic system.

Ndalama Zoyambira Zogulitsa

Ndalama zoyambira za ulusi wa Single-Mode (OS1/OS2) komanso Multi-Mode (zonse ziwiri za OM1-OM5) zimasiyana kwambiri.

Pali malingaliro olakwika omwe anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti ulusi wa single-mode ndi wokwera mtengo kuposa ulusi wa multi-mode. Ulusi wa single-mode umafunikira ma module okwera mtengo a 1300nm optical. Ma module awa nthawi zambiri amawononga ndalama zokwana kawiri kapena katatu kuposa ma module a 850nm omwe timagwiritsa ntchito pa ulusi wa multi-mode. Izi zimawonjezera ndalama zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa single-mode systems ndi phindu lalikulu.

Ulusi wa multi-mode, makamaka OM4 ndi OM5, uli ndi njira zambiri zosungira ndalama. Ulusi wa OM4 uli ndi mtengo wotsika pafupifupi 33 peresenti kuposa OM2 koma umapereka magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri. Kukweza kukhala ulusi wa OM4 kumachotsa chiopsezo chimenecho pamene kuwonetsetsa kuti dongosololi likupindula ndi kupita patsogolo kwaposachedwa kwa ukadaulo wa multi-mode, zomwe zimapulumutsa ndalama panthawiyi.

OM5 imathandizira kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri, kuphatikiza 200/400G Ethernet, pogwiritsa ntchito WBMMF ya 8-core yokha. Ngakhale kuti ndi yokwera mtengo kuposa OM4, imapereka phindu pochepetsa mtengo wokonzanso mtsogolo.

Ndalama Zokonzera Zinthu Kwa Nthawi Yaitali

Choncho ndalama zokonzera zinthu zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pa bajeti yawo. Ngakhale kuti kukhazikitsa kwa njira imodzi n’kodalirika, kumafuna zida zapadera komanso zodula kuti zikonzedwe bwino.

Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ulusi wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi zofunikira zochepa zosamalira, zomwe zimachepetsa ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali. Kusintha kukhala njira zapamwamba kwambiri zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, monga OM4 kapena OM5, kumachepetsanso zovuta zosamalira pamene makinawo akuwonjezeka kupezeka ndi kukhala ndi moyo wautali.

Kusanthula Mtengo ndi Phindu

Pazofunikira pa mtunda wautali kapena kufunikira kwakukulu, ndiye kuti single-mode ndiyofunika kwambiri. Kwa malo osungira deta kapena mabizinesi omwe amaona kuti kukula kwake ndi ndalama zochepa zokonzera, OM4 kapena OM5 imapereka mtengo wabwino kwambiri.

Kuphatikizana ndi Kugwirizana

Posankha chingwe cha fiber optic, kuphatikiza ndi kugwirizana ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti makina anu azigwira ntchito bwino. Zinthu izi zimakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a makina, kukula kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ndalama. Kugwirizana si kungogwirizanitsa zingwe ndi zida.

Imafunanso kuti dongosololi ligwirizane ndi ma protocol omwe alipo komanso kuti ligwiritsidwe ntchito mtsogolo, popanda kuwonjezera zovuta zosafunikira.

Kugwira Ntchito ndi Machitidwe Omwe Alipo

Kuphatikiza ma fiber atsopano ndi ma network omwe alipo kale kumafuna kuwunika mosamala. Mwachitsanzo, ma fiber a OM3 ndi OM4 ndi abwino kwambiri pa ma network omwe amafuna liwiro la 10Gb/s mpaka 100Gb/s. OM4 imapereka maubwino ena, monga mtunda wautali komanso bajeti yayikulu ya kuwala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yokwera mtengo kwambiri kuti itetezedwe mtsogolo.

Kugwirizana ndi zida zamakono, monga ma transceivers ndi ma switch, kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa kuti kupewe mavuto. Ulusi wa single-mode, monga ma OS cables, umagwira ntchito pa ma wavelengths a 1310 kapena 1550 nm ndipo umafuna magwero okwera mtengo a laser, zomwe zimawonjezera ndalama zolumikizirana. Kuwunika zinthuzi msanga kungapewe kusagwirizana ndi kuchedwa.

Mitundu ya Cholumikizira ndi Kugwirizana

Izi zili choncho chifukwa makina a fiber optic amalumikizana pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zolumikizira monga LC, SC, kapena MPO/MTP. Zolumikizira izi ziyenera kufanana bwino ndi mawonekedwe a chipangizocho kuti zilowe bwino mu chitsanzocho. Mwachitsanzo, zingwe za OM5 zimakonzedwa bwino kuti zizitha kusamutsa pakati pa 40Gb/s ndi 100Gb/s.

Amagwiritsa ntchito zolumikizira za MPO kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa ulusi wofunikira. Kusankha cholumikizira choyenera sikumangokhudza kusavuta kwa kukhazikitsa, komanso magwiridwe antchito, makamaka pakugwiritsa ntchito mwachangu kwambiri.

Kupewa Mavuto Ofala Okhudzana ndi Kuphatikizana

Mavuto omwe amafala kwambiri pakukula akhoza kukhala kugwera mumsampha wolephera kuyang'anira momwe zinthu zikuyenderana ndi kunyalanyaza kukula kwa mtsogolo. Kugwiritsa ntchito ulusi wabwino wa multimode monga OM4 kungachepetse mtengo wonse wa makina ndi 1%.

Ulusi uwu umathandizira zinthu zatsopano monga wavelength division multiplexing (WDM). Kuwerengera kwa zinthu izi kumapangitsa kuti kusintha kukhale kosavuta.

Zochitika Zamtsogolo mu Ukadaulo wa Fiber Optic

Monga maziko a machitidwe amakono olumikizirana, ukadaulo wa fiber optic ukupitilizabe kusintha kuti ukwaniritse kufunikira komwe kukukulirakulira kwa kutumiza deta mwachangu komanso modalirika. Ndi chilimbikitso cha ukadaulo watsopano komanso kupanga miyezo kumbuyo kwake, kusintha kwakukulu kukupanga mwayi watsopano ndikusintha mawonekedwe a maukonde a fiber optic kwamuyaya.

Ukadaulo ndi Miyezo Yatsopano

Kuyambitsidwa kwa ukadaulo watsopano ndi zomangamanga kukulonjeza kusintha momwe timagwiritsira ntchito ndikuwongolera maukonde a fiber optic. Mwachitsanzo, ma CS Connectors awo, omwe amakonzedwa bwino kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pa 200G ndi 400G, amathandizira kutumiza deta mwachangu kwambiri.

Zolumikizira zazing'onozi zimapereka kuchulukana kwabwino ndipo ndizoyenera kwambiri malo osungira deta ndi ma network a telecomm a m'badwo wotsatira. Momwemonso, zolumikizira zamagetsi ambiri monga MPO/MTP zapangitsa mapangidwe a netiweki kukhala osavuta komanso ogwira ntchito bwino polola ma bandwidth apamwamba komanso kupereka nthawi yofulumira yoyika.

Kugwira ntchito kwa fiber optic sikungokhala nkhani yaukadaulo chabe. OM5 fiber imagwira ntchito pa ma wavelength opitilira 850 nm. Izi zikuphatikizapo 880, 910 ndi 940 nm, zomwe zimawonjezera mphamvu ya ma shortwave wavelength division multiplexing (SWDM) applications.

Pa ma multimode fibers, bandwidth yogwira ntchito ya OM4 ya 4700 MHz.km—kuposa kawiri kuposa 2000 MHz.km ya OM3—imawonjezera kwambiri mphamvu yonyamula deta.

Kupita Patsogolo Komwe Kungatheke mu OS ndi OM Fibers

Kukula kwa ulusi wa OS ndi ukadaulo pakadali pano kukugwira ntchito kuti kuthetse kufunikira kwa kulumikizana kwakutali. Amakulitsa magwiridwe antchito pa mafunde ofunikira monga 1310 nm ndi 1550 nm, komwe kuchepa pang'ono kwa mphamvu, nthawi zambiri 2.3 dB/km, ndikofunikira kwambiri.

Kupanga kwa OM fiber kumafuna kuwonjezera bandwidth ndi magwiridwe antchito omwe alipo. Kapangidwe kawo ka magwiridwe antchito apamwamba kamapangidwa kuti kagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri kuphatikiza ma cloud computing ndi ma network ozikidwa pa luntha lochita kupanga.

Kusintha kwa Mapulogalamu a Fiber Optic

Ma fiber optics akukula kuposa cholowa chawo cha kulumikizana kwa mafoni kuti alimbikitse zatsopano monga IoT, magalimoto odziyendetsa okha ndi mizinda yanzeru. Pofika chaka cha 2025, pomwe 80% ya deta yapadziko lonse lapansi ikudutsa mu fiber, kusinthaku kukuwonetsa kusinthasintha kwa ukadaulo poyankha zosowa zomwe zikusintha.

Mapeto

Kudziwa kusiyana pakati pa zingwe za OS ndi OM fiber kudzakuthandizani kusankha yabwino kwambiri pa pulogalamu yanu. Chilichonse chili ndi ubwino wake, kaya ndi mtunda wautali kapena kuthamanga kwambiri m'malo omwe ali pafupi. Zingwe za OM ndi chisankho chabwino kwambiri pa ntchito zazifupi m'nyumba kapena m'masukulu monga malo osungira deta, pomwe zingwe za OS zimapangidwa kuti zigwire mtunda wautali mosavuta. Kumvetsetsa magwiridwe antchito, mtengo, ndi kuyanjana kwa mtundu uliwonse kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kupanga chisankho ndikusalipira ndalama zambiri pazinthu zomwe simukuzifuna.

Ma fiber optics akupita patsogolo nthawi zonse, zomwe zimapanga njira yopezera ma network othamanga komanso ogwira ntchito bwino kuposa kale lonse. Kudziphunzitsa kumatanthauza kuti mwakonzeka osati kungokwaniritsa zofunikira za lero komanso zosintha za mawa. Kaya mukupanga netiweki kuyambira pachiyambi kapena mukukonzekera kukweza, kusankha koyenera lero kumatanthauza kupewa zolakwa zodula komanso zowononga nthawi mawa. Pitirizani kudziphunzitsa nokha ndikupanga ndalama zodziwikiratu komanso zanzeru pazosowa zanu zolumikizirana.

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa zingwe za OS ndi OM fiber ndi kotani?

Ulusi wa OSSB (Optical Singlemode Solutions Based) umakonzedwa bwino kuti utumize deta nthawi yayitali. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ulusi wa OM (Optical Multimode) umagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri pamtunda waufupi. Zingwe za OS zimagwiritsa ntchito njira imodzi yokha yowunikira pomwe zingwe za OM zimagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zowunikira.

Kodi mawaya a OM1, OM2, OM3, OM4, ndi OM5 amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chiyani?

OM1 ndi OM2 nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ntchito zothamanga pang'ono komanso zakutali. OM3 ndi OM4 zapangidwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito pa ma network a gigabit 10 kapena kupitirira apo, monga omwe amapezeka m'malo osungira deta. OM5 imalola ma transmission a wideband ndi ukadaulo watsopano monga SWDM (Shortwave Wavelength Division Multiplexing).

Kodi OS1 ndi OS2 zimasiyana bwanji?

OS1 ili ndi buffering yolimba kwambiri yogwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba, pomwe OS2 idapangidwira ntchito zakunja kapena pansi pa nthaka. OS2 imapereka kuchepa pang'ono, zomwe zimathandiza kuti mtunda wautali ukhale wautali komanso magwiridwe antchito abwino.

Kodi mawaya a OM amagwirizana ndi mawaya a OS?

Yankho lake ndi lakuti ayi — zingwe za OM vs OS sizisinthana. Zimasiyana kukula kwa pakati ndi momwe kuwala kumafalikira kudzera pakati. Kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino kwambiri, gwiritsani ntchito zingwe zomwe zapangidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi zosowa zapadera za makina anu.

Ndi chingwe chiti cha fiber chomwe chili chabwino kwambiri pa ma network a 100G?

Pa ma network a 100G, OM4 kapena OM5 ndi yoyenera pa ma multimode configurations. Pa singlemode, OS2 ndi njira yabwino, chifukwa imatha kuthandizira mtunda wautali pa liwiro lalikulu.

Kodi mtengo umasiyana bwanji pakati pa mawaya a OS ndi OM?

Zingwe za OS nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokwera mtengo chifukwa cha magwiridwe antchito awo apamwamba kwambiri akutali. Zingwe za OM ndizotsika mtengo, zimangogwiritsidwa ntchito pa mtunda waufupi wotumizira mauthenga.

Kodi ndiyenera kuganizira chiyani posankha chingwe cha ulusi?

Ganizirani zinthu monga mtunda, zosowa za liwiro, momwe ntchitoyo ikuchitikira (mkati ndi kunja), kulumikizana ndi zomangamanga zomwe zilipo, ndi zina zotero. OS ya mapulogalamu apatali komanso OM ya mapulogalamu apafupi komanso othamanga kwambiri.