• Izintambo ze-OS, noma izintambo ze-optical single-mode, ziyizintambo ze-single-mode ezifanelekela amabanga amade kanye nokudluliswa kwedatha okusheshayo. Izintambo ze-OM ziyizintambo ze-multimode, ezifanelekela kakhulu ukuxhumana kwebanga elifushane. Ukwazi umehluko kuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukusebenza okungcono kakhulu kohlelo lwakho lokusebenza oluthile.

• Imicu ye-OS1 ilungiselelwe ukusetshenziswa kwangaphakathi, lapho amabanga evame ukuba mafushane futhi ukuncishiswa kwangaphakathi kukhulu. Ngokuphambene nalokho, imicu ye-OS2 ifaneleka kangcono ezindaweni zangaphandle kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zebanga elide njengoba inikeza ukuncishiswa okuphansi.

• Izintambo ze-OM zihlukaniswe ngezindinganiso (OM1-OM5) ngayinye inikeza amanani ahlukene e-bandwidth kanye namakhono ebanga. I-OM3 kanye ne-OM4 ezenziwe nge-laser zinikeza ukusebenza okuphezulu, i-OM5 enokusekelwa kwe-multimode kwama-wavelength amaningi inikeza inethiwekhi evikela ikusasa.

• Usayizi we-core Kubhekwa njengento eyinhloko enquma ukukhethwa kwefayibha. Izintambo zemodi eyodwa (OS1/OS2) zisebenzisa i-core encane nakakhulu, efanelekela ukudluliselwa okugxile, okuhamba isikhathi eside. Ngokuphambene nalokho, izintambo ze-multimode (OM), ngenxa yama-core azo amakhulu, ziyakhanya kumanethiwekhi endawo.

• Ububanzi be-modal kanye nokuncipha kwe-modal kudlala indima enkulu emazingeni okudlulisa idatha kanye nekhwalithi yesignali. Ukukhetha ikhebula elingcono kakhulu ngokwalezi zilinganiso kuholela ekusebenzeni kwenethiwekhi okuphumelelayo nokuthembekile kakhulu.

• Hlola ibanga lenethiwekhi yakho, umkhawulokudonsa, kanye nezidingo zokukhuliswa kwesikhathi esizayo ukuze wenze ukukhetha okunolwazi phakathi kwezintambo ze-OS kanye ne-OM ezihambisana nesabelomali sakho kanye nezidingo zobuchwepheshe.

Manje usuyazi umehluko phakathi kwe-OS1, i-OS2 kanye ne-OM1 nge-OM5, nokuthi yini efaneleka kakhulu kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza. I-OS1 kanye ne-OS2 yizinhlobo ezijwayelekile ze-International Telecommunications Union (ITU) zemicu ye-optical single-mode.

I-OS1 ilungele ukusetshenziswa ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo ngebanga elifushane, kuyilapho i-OS2 ilungele ukugijima isikhathi eside ngaphandle. I-OM1 ne-OM2 zilungele ukufakwa okulula, kodwa i-OM3, i-OM4, ne-OM5 zikhanya ngesivinini esiphezulu kanye namabanga amade.

Kulezi zinhlobo ezinhlanu, i-OM1, i-OM2, i-OM3, i-OM4, kanye ne-OM5 zonke zibhekwa njenge-fiber yemodi eminingi. I-OM5 yethula ukuhambisana kokusetshenziswa kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ze-wideband.

Uhlobo ngalunye lunenhloso echaziwe ngokuya ngebanga lalo, isivinini, kanye nokusetha. Ezigabeni ezilandelayo, sizoxoxa ngomehluko walo, izinhlelo zokusebenza, kanye nezinzuzo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukhetha olufanele izidingo zakho.

Amakhebula e-OS kanye ne-OM Fiber: Ukubuka Konke

Izintambo ze-fiber optic, eziza ngesimo se-OS (Optical Single-mode) kanye ne-OM (Optical Multimode), ziwumgogodla wengqalasizinda yokuxhumana yanamuhla. Ukuqanjwa kwazo ngokuvamile kuvela esakhiweni sazo esiyinhloko, ukusebenza, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza.

Ukuthola umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo kubalulekile ukuze ukwazi ukwenza izinqumo ezifanele ezimweni ezahlukene zokusetshenziswa kwenethiwekhi.

Ukuqonda Amakhebula E-Fiber E-OS

Izintambo ze-OS zinezintambo zemodi eyodwa, ezaziwa ngobukhulu bazo obuncane, ngokuvamile obungama-microns angu-8-10 ububanzi. Lo mklamo usho ukuthi ziyakwazi ukudlulisa ukukhanya endleleni eyodwa kuphela, kunciphisa ukuphambuka kwesignali ebangeni elide.

I-OS1 kanye ne-OS2 yizinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko. Izintambo ze-OS1 zilungele ukusetshenziswa ngaphakathi futhi zinezinga eliphansi lokunciphisa elingu-2 dB/km ku-1550 nm. Uma kuqhathaniswa, izintambo ze-OS2 zilawula inethiwekhi yangaphandle kanye neyasebangeni elide, zisebenza kahle kuma-wavelength angu-1310 noma angu-1550 nanometers.

Ukuxhumana ngocingo kanye nokudluliswa kwedatha ekude kuvame ukuncika ezintanjeni ze-OS. Ziqinisekisa ukunemba okukhulu kanye nokuwohloka kwesignali okuphansi kakhulu, kokubili okubaluleke kakhulu ekuxhumaneni okuhle kakhulu.

Ngisho noma zifuna imithombo ye-laser ebizayo, ukusebenza kwazo okungenakuqhathaniswa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezikude kuyavumelana nezindleko.

Ukuhlola Amakhebula E-OM Fiber

Izintambo ze-OM, ezaziwa nangokuthi imicu ye-multimode, zibonakala ngama-core azo amakhulu, ngokuvamile angama-micron angu-50 – 62.5 ububanzi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukukhanya kungathatha imizila eminingana ehlukene, yingakho zisetshenziswe ekuxhumaneni okude.

I-OM1 inomgogodla ongu-62.5-micron futhi idlulisela idatha efinyelela kumamitha angu-984 ku-10 Gbps. Njengokuqhathanisa, i-OM2 iphinda kabili lelo banga, ifinyelela isivinini sokudlulisa esifinyelela kumamitha angu-1,804 ngesivinini esifanayo.

I-OM3, i-OM4, kanye ne-OM5 zinikeza ama-bandwidth amakhulu ngokulandelana, afaneleka kahle izikhungo zedatha ezisheshayo kanye namanethiwekhi ekhampasi anamuhla.

Yini Ehlukanisa Ama-Fiber e-OS kanye ne-OM?

Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwezintambo ze-Optical Singlemode (OS) kanye ne-Optical Multimode (OM) kubalulekile ekukhetheni uhlobo olufanele lwekhebula lwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile. Lokhu kungafani kuwumphumela womehluko wesakhiwo esiyinhloko, ukusebenza, izilinganiso, amakhono ebanga kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisetshenziswa kahle kakhulu.

1. Umehluko Oyinhloko: Imodi Eyodwa vs. Imodi Eningi

Ngaphandle kwalokho, usayizi womongo ubalulekile ekudlulisweni kwesignali. Lokhu kufakazelwa imicu ye-OS, enobubanzi obuncane kakhulu bomongo, ngokuvamile ama-micron angu-8-10, okuvumela ukudluliswa kwemodi eyodwa. Lo mklamo unciphisa ukusabalala kwemodi, okuvumela imicu ye-OS ukuthi isebenze kahle emabangeni amade.

Ngokuphambene, imicu ye-OM yayingenalo ukunemba okukhulu ekudlulisweni kwebanga elifushane. Imicu ye-OM inobukhulu obukhulu obuphakathi kwama-micron angu-50 no-62.5. Lokhu kubangela izindlela eziningi zokukhanya ezihlukene ukuba zisakazeke, okwengeza ukusabalala okuphawulekayo kwe-modal futhi kunciphisa kakhulu ibanga kanye namakhono e-bandwidth.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenza kuthonywa yindlela yokusebenza. Amafayibha e-OS asebenza kuma-wavelength angu-1310 noma angu-1550-nanometer. Adinga imithombo ye-laser ebiza kakhulu, ngenxa yokunemba kwawo okuphezulu. Amafayibha e-OM asebenza kuma-wavelength amafushane, njengama-nanometer angu-850. Asebenzisa imithombo yokukhanya ye-LED engabizi, okwenza kube lula ukuyisebenzisa ibanga elifushane.

2. Amamethrikhi Okusebenza: i-OS vs i-OM

I-bandwidth ingenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni. Ngenxa yokuthi imicu ye-OS ibonisa imikhiqizo yebanga le-bandwidth elikhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nemicu ye-OM, imicu ye-OS isetshenziswa kabanzi ekuxhumaneni okusheshayo nokude.

Ngenxa yokusabalala kwe-modal, imicu ye-OM ifaneleka kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwe-short-haul.

3. Ibanga kanye namakhono e-bandwidth

Izintambo ze-OS zinikeza ukusebenza okuvelele ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zesikhathi eside. I-OS1 ilinganiselwe ibanga elingafika kumamayela angu-1.2. I-OS2 iphinda kabili ibanga eliphezulu kakhulu elifika kumamayela angu-6.2, zombili zidinga ukulahlekelwa okuphezulu okungu-1.0 dB/km.

Imicu ye-OM yenzelwe ubude obufushane, ngebanga eliphezulu elivame ukuba ngamayadi angu-550 uma kusetshenziswa indinganiso ye-OM4. Igcina iphansi lokulahlekelwa elingu-3.0 dB/km. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ze-bandwidth ephezulu, imicu ye-OS idlula i-OM ngenxa yokudluliselwa kwemodi eyodwa kanye nokusabalala okuphansi.

4. Izimo Zokusetshenziswa Zohlobo Ngalunye

Izintambo ze-OS zilungele kahle ukuxhumana ngocingo kanye namanye amanethiwekhi akude, okuhlanganisa nezixhumanisi zedatha phakathi kwamadolobha. Amandla azo okugcina ukuthembeka kwesignali ngaphezu kwamamayela amaningi yikona okuzenza zibaluleke kakhulu kulezi zindawo ezifunwa kakhulu.

Lokho kwenza izintambo ze-OM zibe yisinqumo esicacile sokuxhumeka kwe-multimode okusheshayo kumanethiwekhi endawo (ama-LAN), izikhungo zedatha, kanye namanethiwekhi ekhampasi. Zifaneleka kahle amabanga aphakathi nendawo adinga izixhumanisi eziqinile nezisheshayo.

I-Diving Deeper: I-OM Fiber Standards (OM1-OM5)

Izintambo ze-fiber optic ze-Multimode (OM1-OM5) zithuthuke ngokushesha ukuze zihambisane nesidingo esikhulayo sokuxhumana okudingakala kakhulu futhi okusheshayo. Indinganiso ngayinye inikeza amakhono ahlukile ahlobene ne-bandwidth, ibanga, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza, okusiza ukudala ukulingana okuhle kakhulu kwento ngayinye ezindaweni ezahlukene.

Ukwazi ukuthi lezi zindinganiso zihluke kanjani ngokusetshenziswa ngakunye kubalulekile ekutholeni ikhambi elingcono kakhulu lezidingo zakho zokuxhumana ezihlukile.

I-OM1 kanye ne-OM2: Ama-Fiber e-Legacy Multimode

I-OM1 kanye ne-OM2 kwakuyizizukulwane zokuqala ze-fiber ye-multimode, eyadalwa ikakhulukazi kucatshangelwa ukuxhumana kwebanga elifushane. I-OM1 isekela amabanga angama-6,561 ft futhi inikeza i-bandwidth engama-160 MHz·km.

I-OM2 igcina ububanzi obufanayo ne-OM1 kodwa yandisa umkhawulokudonsa ube yi-500 MHz·km emangalisayo. Zombili zincike kuma-transmitter e-LED, avimbela amandla azo okufinyelela isivinini esiphezulu kanye nomkhawulokudonsa.

Esikhathini esidlule, lezi zintambo zazivame ukutholakala kumanethiwekhi nezinhlelo ezindala, kufaka phakathi izindawo ze-Ethernet ezazisebenza ku-10 Mbps kuya ku-100 Mbps. Njengoba izidingo zenethiwekhi zishintsha ukuze zisekele isivinini esiphezulu, lezi zindwangu ze-multimode zaqala ukuphelelwa yisikhathi.

Namuhla, i-OM1 kanye ne-OM2 azisebenzi kangako ekufakweni okusha kodwa zisasetshenziswa kakhulu ezingqalasizinda ezikhona.

I-OM3 kanye ne-OM4: Ama-Fiber Alungiselelwe Nge-Laser

I-OM3 kanye ne-OM4 zethule ubuchwepheshe be-multimode obulungiselelwe nge-laser (i-LOMMF), obanikeze ukwanda okukhulu kwe-bandwidth kanye nebanga. I-OM3 kanye ne-OM4 zifinyelela kumamitha angu-16,404 kanye ne-2.5 GHz·km kanye ne-32,808 kanye ne-4.7 GHz·km, ngokulandelana.

Lezi zintambo zilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisheshayo njengezikhungo zedatha namanethiwekhi ebhizinisi, zisekela isivinini sokudlulisa esifinyelela ku-100 Gbps. Eqinisweni, iningi le-OM4 elithengiswayo namuhla likhangiswa ngaphansi kwegama le-fiber ye-OM3 yekhwalithi ephezulu ngenxa yamakhono okusebenza ahambisanayo.

I-OM5: I-Wideband Multimode Fiber

I-OM5, indinganiso yakamuva kakhulu, yenzelwe ukusekela amaza amaningana angaphezu kuka-850 nm, okuhlanganisa i-880 nm kanye ne-940 nm. Inikeza i-bandwidth engu-28 GHz·km.

Isekela isivinini esingu-40 Gbps kanye nesivinini esingu-100 Gbps emabangeni amafushane phakathi kwamamitha ayi-100 (328 feet) kuya kumamitha angu-150 (492 feet). Ukwakhiwa kwayo kulungele ubuchwepheshe obuyinkimbinkimbi, njenge-wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), okuvumela ukuvikela ikusasa kwenethiwekhi yesizukulwane esilandelayo.

Izici Eziyinhloko ze-OM1 kuya ku-OM5

• OM1: 6,561 ft, 160 MHz·km, isekelwe ku-LED.

• OM2: 6,561 ft, 500 MHz·km, isekelwe ku-LED.

• OM3: 16,404 ft, 2.5 GHz·km, ilungiselelwe nge-laser.

• OM4: 32,808 ft, 4.7 GHz·km, ilungiselelwe nge-laser.

• OM5: 492 ft, 28 GHz·km, ilungiselelwe nge-laser, isekela i-WDM.

Izinhlobo ze-OS Fiber: Ukuqhathaniswa Okuningiliziwe

Ukukhetha ifayibha, ikakhulukazi uma kuqhathaniswa imicu ye-OS1 ne-OS2, kuwumsebenzi wokuqonda izici ezahlukene kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe. Ngayinye iyifayibha yemodi eyodwa kodwa lapho ukufana kugcina ngokwezici zokuklama, izimfanelo zokusebenza kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza. Imicu ye-OS ngokuvamile inama-core amancane kakhulu kunemicu ye-OM, okwenza ifaneleke kakhulu ekudlulisweni kwesignali yebanga elide etholakala kwezokuxhumana.

Kumelwe zisebenze ngamaza obude obungu-1310 noma angu-1550 nanometer, zidinga imithombo ye-laser enembile kakhulu futhi ebiza kakhulu.

I-OS1: Izinhlelo Zokusebenza Zangaphakathi

Imicu ye-OS1 yenzelwe ngqo izidingo zenethiwekhi ezisheshayo, ezakhiwe ngaphakathi. Ikwazi ukufika kumamayela angu-1.24 (2 km) kuphela kanye nesivinini esisuka ku-1 kuya ku-10 Gb/s. Ngakho-ke, ifaneleka kahle kunoma yikuphi ukucushwa kwenethiwekhi yendawo (i-LAN), ukuthunyelwa kwesikhungo sedatha, noma ukuma kwehhovisi lenkampani.

Umklamo wabo ukhulisa ubulula futhi unciphisa izindleko zokufakwa ngaphakathi ngenkathi uhlinzeka ngamaphoyinti okuxhumana aqinile omshini wokufakwa kwangaphandle okuthembekile. Amandla abo okusebenza anqunyelwe ezimweni ezidinga isivinini esisheshayo noma amabanga amade, njengoba imiphumela yokunciphisa iba sobala kakhulu.

Imicu ye-OS1 ngokuvamile inezinga lokunciphisa elingu-1.0 dB ngekhilomitha. Eqinisweni, leli zinga lanele ukugijima okufushane kodwa alilinciphisi ibanga elide.

I-OS2: Izinhlelo Zokusebenza Zangaphandle

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imicu ye-OS2 isebenza kahle kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zangaphandle ezikude—njengezinsika zokuxhumana kanye namanethiwekhi aphakathi kwamadolobha. Zisiza ekuxhaseni amabanga asekela ezokuthutha angamamayela angu-3.1 kuya kwangu-6.2 (5 kuya ku-10 km). Ngomkhiqizo webanga le-bandwidth elingu-4.0 GHz·km, zilungele kakhulu ukudluliselwa kohambo olude.

Imvelo yazo eqinile ingamelana nezakhi zomkhathi ukuze inikeze ukuqina okuhlala isikhathi eside kanye nekhwalithi yesignali ecacile kuyo yonke imihubhe emide. Imicu ye-OS2 ingcono kakhulu ekuqineni kwesignali yebanga elide ngesilinganiso sokuncipha esingu-0.4 dB ngekhilomitha ku-1310 nm.

Yilokhu kusebenza okubenza babe ngcono kunezintambo ze-OS1.

Umehluko Wokunciphisa Amandla Kuma-Fiber E-OS

Ukuncishiswa kwe-automatic kuthinta ukusebenza ngokwenza buthaka amandla esignali. Imicu ye-OS1 inesidingo esiphezulu sokuncishiswa kwe-automatic esingu-4 dB/km, okunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo emabangeni amafushane.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imicu ye-OS2 inikeza ukusebenza kahle kokunciphisa ukuze kugcinwe izimpawu zekhwalithi ephezulu emabangeni amade, okubaluleke kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwangaphandle.

Umehluko Wezobuchwepheshe kanye Nomthelela Wokusebenza

Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwemicu ye-OS (Optical Single-mode) kanye ne-OM (Optical Multimode) kubalulekile ekukhetheni ikhambi elifanele izidingo zenethiwekhi. Lokhu kungafani kuvela ngokuyinhloko kusayizi oyinhloko kanye nobubanzi be-modal.

Lezi zici ziyahlangana ukuze zithinte ukudluliswa kwedatha futhi ekugcineni ziqondise ukuthi uhlobo ngalunye lusebenza kanjani ezimweni ezahlukene.

Usayizi Oyinhloko Nokubaluleka Kwawo

Usayizi we-core obonisiwe uthinta ngqo izimpawu zokukhanya eziqhutshwa nge-pulsed lights ezidluliselwa ngezintambo ze-optic fiber. Imicu ye-single-mode (OS1, OS2) ine-fiber core encane, engama-micron angu-9, evumela indlela eyodwa kuphela yokukhanya ukuthi kuhambe.

Lona umklamo omuhle kakhulu wokunciphisa ukuhlakazeka. Ngakho-ke, amasignali angamboza amabanga amangalisayo: amamayela angu-15.5 ku-1310 nm kanye namamayela angu-24.8 ku-1550 nm, ngamazinga okunciphisa angu-0.4 dB/km kanye no-0.3 dB/km, amazinga amancane okulahleka kwesignali.

Uma kuqhathaniswa, imicu ye-multimode (OM1-OM5) inama-core amakhulu (ama-micron angu-50 kuya kwangu-62.5), okuvumela izindlela eziningi zokukhanya. Nakuba lokhu kukhetha ukuklama kusiza ngamanani aphezulu kakhulu edatha, kwandisa ukulahleka kwesignali ngebanga.

I-OM1 inikeza ukuncishiswa okukhulu kune-OM4. Umklamo omusha we-OM4 osebenza kahle kakhulu kanye nokwakheka kwezinto ezibonakalayo kuphumela ekusebenzeni kahle okuthuthukisiwe kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zesikhathi esifushane.

Incazelo Yobubanzi Bendlela Yokulinganisa

Ku-bandwidth ye-modal, elinganiswa ku-MHz·km, ikhono le-fiber lokuthwala ulwazi linqunywa yinani le-fiber yayo. I-bandwidth ye-OM4 (4700 MHz·km ku-850 nm) idlula kude i-OM3 (2000 MHz·km), okuvumela ukudluliselwa okusheshayo nokungaguquguquki.

I-OM5 ithatha leso sinyathelo esisodwa phambili, ngokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe noma kuphi lapho sisebenzisa khona ubude be-wavelength obufika ku-940 nm.

Umthelela Emazingeni Okudlulisa Idatha

Usayizi oyinhloko kanye namazinga okudlulisa umkhawulo womkhawulo we-bandwidth. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zebanga elifushane nesivinini esikhulu, imicu yemodi eminingi inikeza ukusebenza okuqinile, isekela amabanga afinyelela ku-100 Gbps emabangeni amafushane.

Imicu yemodi eyodwa, eyenzelwe ukulahlekelwa okuncane ngangokunokwenzeka, ihlangabezana nezidingo zesikhathi eside nezinamandla aphezulu kalula.

Ukukhetha Ikhebula Le-Fiber Elifanele

Ukukhetha ikhebula le-fiber elingcono kakhulu lenethiwekhi yakho kusho ukuthola ukuhwebelana okulungile phakathi kokusebenza, izindleko, kanye nezidingo zesikhathi eside. Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambilini, uhlobo ngalunye lwe-fiber lunamakhono ahlukile azivumela ukuthi asebenze ngezindlela ezahlukene.

Okokuqala, thola isithombe esicacile sezidingo zenethiwekhi yakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, cabanga ngezinye izici ezifana nebanga, i-bandwidth, kanye nesabelomali ukuze ukhethe ikhebula le-fiber elifanele izidingo zakho. Qhubeka ufunda njengoba sichaza ezinye zezinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele ukuze zikusize ukuqondisa isinqumo sakho.

Hlola Izidingo Zakho Zenethiwekhi

Qala ngokunquma izidingo ezihlukile zenethiwekhi yakho. Imicu yemodi eyodwa (i-OS2) ifaneleka kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezikude, njengokuxhumana ngocingo, lapho ukuxhumana kunwebeka khona amamayela amaningi.

Imicu ye-Multimode (OM1–OM5) isebenza kahle kakhulu ekuxhumaneni kwebanga elifushane. Ziyizinketho ezinhle kakhulu zokuxhumanisa amadivayisi ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo noma ekhampasi, kanti i-OM1 ivame ukuphatha amabanga afinyelela kumamitha ambalwa.

Kudingeka siqaphele izidingo zedatha zesikhathi esizayo. Isibonelo, ukusekelwa kwe-OM5 kwamaza amade abanzi kuyinika ukuguquguquka kokuthuthukiswa okukhulu, okwenza kube yisisombululo esifanele samanethiwekhi anezidingo zesikhathi esizayo.

Cabanga Ngezidingo Zebanga Ne-bandwidth

Ibanga kanye nobubanzi bomkhawulokudonsa yizici ezibalulekile ekunqumeni ukuthi iyiphi i-fiber okufanele isetshenziswe. Ama-fiber e-single-mode anikeza ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu emabangeni amade, kanti ama-fiber e-multimode afaneleka kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwebanga elifushane.

Zombili izintambo ze-OM3 kanye ne-OM4 multimode zisekela amabanga afinyelela kumamitha angu-550 ku-10Gbps. Lesi sici sizenza zilungele imisebenzi yesivinini esikhulu, yebanga elifushane.

Ukusebenza kuthinteka kakhulu ukuhlukahluka kobubanzi be-core. Imicu ye-Multimode inama-core amakhulu, ngokuvamile angama-micron angu-50 noma angu-62.5, okuvumela ukuthi athwale izindlela eziningana zokukhanya ezahlukene.

Hlola Izindleko Nesabelomali

Imicu yemodi eyodwa ibiza kakhulu ngenxa yokubekezelelana okuqinile kanye nemithombo ye-laser ebizayo, evame ukusebenza kuma-wavelength angu-1310 noma angu-1550 nm.

Imicu ye-Multimode, eyakha u-80% wokufakwa, inikeza inketho engabizi kakhulu yamabanga amafushane, kuyilapho isanikeza ukusebenza okuqinile okudingekayo.

Ukuqinisekisa Inethiwekhi Yakho Yesikhathi Esizayo

Ukuvikela ikusasa kungaba yinto ebalulekile. Ukukhetha izixazululo zefayibha eziguquguqukayo nezikwaziyo ukukhuliswa kuvikela inethiwekhi yakho esikhathini esizayo futhi kukunikeza inkululeko yokwamukela ubuchwepheshe obusha njengoba buthuthuka.

Izindleko Zokucatshangelwa Kwe-Fiber Optics

Uma ucabangela ukuthunyelwa kwe-fiber optic, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi lezi zindleko ziyahlukahluka kangakanani phakathi kwe-Single-Mode (OS1 & OS2) kanye ne-Multi-Mode (OM1 kuya ku-OM5). Lezi zindleko azifani nje kuphela esigabeni sokutshalwa kwezimali kusengaphambili, kodwa nasesigabeni sokulungisa isikhathi eside. Ngayinye yalezi zici ithinta ngqo izindleko, inani kanye nokwenzeka kokuthuthukisa uhlelo lwe-fiber optic.

Izindleko Zokuqala Zokutshalwa Kwezimali

Ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala kokubili imicu ye-Single-Mode (OS1/OS2) kanye neye-Multi-Mode (zombili i-OM1-OM5) kuhluke kakhulu.

Kunombono ovamile ongaqondile wokuthi imicu yemodi eyodwa ibiza kakhulu kunemicu yemodi eminingi. Imicu yemodi eyodwa idinga amamojula okukhanya abizayo angu-1300nm. Lawa mamojula ngokuvamile abiza ngokuphindwe kabili kuya kathathu kunamamojula angu-850nm esiwasebenzisela imicu yemodi eminingi. Lokhu kwandisa inani eliphelele lezindleko zezinhlelo zemodi eyodwa ngenani elikhulu.

Imicu yemodi eminingi, ikakhulukazi i-OM4 kanye ne-OM5, inikeza izinketho ezinkulu zokonga izindleko. I-OM4 fibre isebenza cishe ngamaphesenti angu-33 kune-OM2 kodwa inikeza ukusebenza okuphezulu. Ukuthuthukela ku-OM4 fibre kususa leyo ngozi ngenkathi kuqinisekiswa ukuthi uhlelo luzuza ekuthuthukisweni kwakamuva kobuchwepheshe bemodi eminingi, konga izindleko kule nqubo.

I-OM5 isekela isivinini esiphezulu kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinkimbinkimbi, okuhlanganisa i-200/400G Ethernet, ngokusebenzisa i-WBMMF engu-8-core kuphela. Nakuba ibiza kakhulu kune-OM4, ikhokha izinzuzo ngokunciphisa izindleko zokuthuthukisa esikhathini esizayo.

Izindleko Zokulungisa Zesikhathi Eside

Ngakho-ke izindleko zokulungisa zidlala indima enkulu endleleni ezibhajetha ngayo. Ukufakwa kwemodi eyodwa, nakuba kuthembekile, kudinga imishini ekhethekile nebizayo kanye nobuchwepheshe bokunakekela nokulungisa.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imicu yemodi eminingi ivame ukuba nezidingo zokulungisa eziphansi, okunciphisa izindleko zesikhathi eside. Ukuthuthukela ezinkethweni zemodi eminingi ezisezingeni eliphezulu, njenge-OM4 noma i-OM5, kunikeza ukunciphisa okwengeziwe kobunzima bokulungisa ngenkathi kwandisa ukutholakala kanye nobude besikhathi besistimu.

Ukuhlaziywa Kwezindleko Nezinzuzo

Ezidingweni zebanga elide noma ezifunwa kakhulu, imodi eyodwa ifanele ikhwalithi ephezulu. Ezikhungweni zedatha noma emabhizinisini azisa ukukhuliswa kanye nezindleko zokulungisa ezincishisiwe, i-OM4 noma i-OM5 inikeza inani eliphelele elingcono.

Ukuhlanganiswa Nokuhambisana

Uma ukhetha ikhebula le-fiber optic, ukuhlanganiswa kanye nokuhambisana kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi uhlelo lwakho lusebenza kahle. Lezi zinto zinomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kahle kwesistimu, ukuguquguquka kwesikhathi eside kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko. Ukuhambisana kungaphezu nje kokufanisa izintambo nehadiwe.

Ifuna ngokufanayo ukuthi uhlelo lusebenzisane nezinqubo zamanje futhi lutholakalele ukuthuthuka kwesikhathi esizayo, konke ngaphandle kokwengeza ubunzima obungadingekile.

Ukusebenza Nezinhlelo Ezikhona

Ukuhlanganisa ukufakwa kwefayibha entsha namanethiwekhi akhona kudinga ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela. Isibonelo, imicu ye-OM3 kanye ne-OM4 inhle kakhulu kumanethiwekhi adinga isivinini esingu-10Gb/s kuya ku-100Gb/s. I-OM4 inikeza izinzuzo ezengeziwe, njengebanga elide kanye nesabelomali esiphezulu se-optical, okwenza kube ukuthuthukiswa okungabizi kakhulu kokuvikela esikhathini esizayo.

Ukuhambisana nehadiwe yamanje, njenge-transceivers nama-switch, kumele kuqinisekiswe ukuze kugwenywe izithiyo. Imicu yemodi eyodwa, njengezintambo ze-OS, isebenza kuma-wavelength angu-1310 noma angu-1550 nm futhi idinga imithombo ye-laser ebiza kakhulu, okwandisa izindleko zokuhlanganisa. Ukuhlola lezi zici kusenesikhathi kungavimbela ukungalingani nokubambezeleka.

Izinhlobo Zezixhumi Nokuhambisana Kwazo

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinhlelo ze-fiber optic zixhuma kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezahlukene zezixhumi ezifana ne-LC, i-SC, noma i-MPO/MTP. Lezi zixhumi kudingeka zifane kahle nesixhumi semishini ukuze zivumele ukufakwa okubushelelezi kumodeli. Isibonelo, izintambo ze-OM5 zilungiselelwe ukudluliselwa okusuka ku-40Gb/s kuya ku-100Gb/s.

Basebenzisa izixhumi ze-MPO ukunciphisa inani lemicu edingekayo. Ukukhetha isixhumi esifanele akuthinti nje kuphela ukulula kokusethwa, kodwa nokusebenza, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezisheshayo.

Ukugwema Izinkinga Ezivamile Zokuhlanganisa

Ubuhlungu obuvamile bokukhula kungaba ukuwela ogibeni lokweqa ukuhlolwa kokuhambisana nokunganaki ukukhuliswa kwesikhathi esizayo. Ukusebenzisa imicu ye-multimode ethuthukisiwe njenge-OM4 kunganciphisa izindleko zesistimu iyonke ngo-1%.

Lezi zindwangu zivumela ukusungulwa okwengeziwe njengokuphindaphinda kwe-wavelength division multiplexing (WDM). Ukubala lezi ziguquguquko kwenza kube lula ukushintsha.

Amathrendi Esikhathi Esizayo Kubuchwepheshe Be-Fiber Optic

Njengomgogodla wezinhlelo zokuxhumana zanamuhla, ubuchwepheshe be-fiber optic buyaqhubeka nokukhula ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo esikhulayo sokudluliswa kwedatha okusheshayo nokuthembekile. Ngokukhuthazwa kobuchwepheshe obusha kanye nokuthuthukisa amazinga ngemuva kwabo, ukuthuthuka okukhulu kudala amathuba amasha futhi kushintsha ubuso bamanethiwekhi e-fiber optic unomphela.

Ubuchwepheshe Obusha kanye Nezindinganiso

Ukwethulwa kobuchwepheshe obusha kanye nezakhiwo kuthembisa ukushintsha indlela esisakaza futhi siphatha ngayo amanethiwekhi e-fiber optic. Isibonelo, ama-CS Connectors abo, alungiselelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-200G kanye ne-400G, athuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisa idatha ngesivinini esikhulu.

Lezi zixhumi ezincane ze-form-factor zinikeza ubuningi obungcono futhi zifaneleka kahle izikhungo zedatha kanye namanethiwekhi e-telecomm esizukulwane esilandelayo. Ngendlela efanayo, izixhumi ze-multi-fiber ezifana ne-MPO/MTP zenze imiklamo yenethiwekhi yaba lula futhi isebenza kahle ngokunika amandla ama-bandwidth aphezulu kanye nokunikeza izikhathi zokufaka ezisheshayo.

Ukusebenza kwe-fiber optic akuyona nje indaba yobuchwepheshe. I-fibre ye-OM5 isebenza ngama-wavelength angaphezu kuka-850 nm. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-880, 910 kanye ne-940 nm, okwandisa amandla okusebenzisa i-shortwave wavelength division multiplexing (SWDM).

Kuma-fiber e-multimode, i-bandwidth ye-modal esebenzayo ye-OM4 engu-4700 MHz.km—okuphindwe kabili kune-2000 MHz.km ye-OM3—iyandisa kakhulu amandla okuphatha idatha.

Intuthuko Engaba Khona Kuma-Fiber E-OS kanye Ne-OM

Intuthuko kuma-fiber e-OS kanye nobuchwepheshe okwamanje isebenza ukubhekana nesidingo sokuxhumana okude. Bakhulisa ukusebenza kuma-wavelength abalulekile njenge-1310 nm kanye ne-1550 nm, lapho amazinga aphansi okunciphisa, ngokuvamile angu-2.3 dB/km, ebaluleke kakhulu.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-OM fiber kumayelana nokwandisa i-bandwidth kanye nokusebenza kahle okutholakalayo. Umklamo wabo wokusebenza okuphezulu wakhelwe ngenhloso yokusetshenziswa okudinga kakhulu okuhlanganisa i-cloud computing kanye namanethiwekhi asekelwe kubuhlakani bokwenziwa.

Ukuvela Kwezinhlelo Zokusebenza ze-Fiber Optic

I-fiber optics ikhule ngale kwefa layo lezokuxhumana ukuze inike amandla izinto ezintsha ezifana ne-IoT, izimoto ezizimele kanye namadolobha ahlakaniphile. Ngo-2025, njengoba idatha yomhlaba wonke engu-80% idlula ku-fiber, ushintsho luqokomisa ukuguquguquka kobuchwepheshe ekuphenduleni izidingo ezishintshayo.

Isiphetho

Ukwazi umehluko phakathi kwezintambo ze-OS kanye ne-OM kuzokuvumela ukuthi ukhethe ezilungele kakhulu uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza. Ngayinye inezinzuzo ezihlukile, kungaba ngaphezu kwamabanga amade noma amakhono esivinini esikhulu ezindaweni eziseduze kakhulu. Izintambo ze-OM ziyindlela engcono kakhulu yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezimfushane ezakhiweni noma emakhampasi njengezikhungo zedatha, kanti izintambo ze-OS zenzelwe ukumboza ibanga elide kalula. Ukuqonda ukusebenza, izindleko, kanye nokuhambisana kohlobo ngalunye kwenza kube lula ukwenza isinqumo futhi ungakhokhi iprimiyamu ngezici ongazidingi.

Ama-fiber optic aqhubeka ethuthuka, evula indlela yamanethiwekhi asheshayo nasebenza kahle kunanini ngaphambili. Ukuzigcina ufundile kusho ukuthi awulungele nje izidingo zanamuhla kodwa nezibuyekezo zakusasa. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uklama inethiwekhi kusukela ekuqaleni noma uhlela ukuthuthukisa, ukwenza ukukhetha okufanele namuhla kusho ukugwema amaphutha abizayo futhi adla isikhathi kusasa. Qhubeka uzifundisa futhi wenze ukutshalwa kwezimali okunolwazi nokwamasu ezidingweni zakho zokuxhuma.

imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwezintambo ze-OS kanye ne-OM fiber?

Imicu ye-OSSB (Optical Singlemode Solutions Based) ilungiselelwe ukulethwa kwedatha ende. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imicu ye-OM (Optical Multimode) isebenza kahle kakhulu emabangeni amafushane. Izintambo ze-OS zisebenzisa indlela eyodwa yokukhanya kanti izintambo ze-OM zisebenzisa izindlela eziningi zokukhanya ezahlukene.

Zisetshenziselwani izintambo ze-OM1, OM2, OM3, OM4, kanye ne-OM5?

I-OM1 kanye ne-OM2 zivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zesivinini esiphansi, zebanga elifushane. I-OM3 kanye ne-OM4 zenzelwe amanethiwekhi angama-gigabit ayi-10 nangaphezulu, njengalawo atholakala ezikhungweni zedatha. I-OM5 ivumela ukudluliselwa kwe-wideband kanye nobuchwepheshe obusha njenge-SWDM (Shortwave Wavelength Division Multiplexing).

I-OS1 ne-OS2 zihluke kanjani?

I-OS1 ine-buffering eqinile kakhulu eyenzelwe ukusetshenziswa ngaphakathi, kuyilapho i-OS2 yenzelwe ukusetshenziswa kwangaphandle noma ngaphansi komhlaba. I-OS2 inikeza ukuncishiswa okuphansi, okuvumela ukufinyelela okude nokusebenza okungcono.

Ingabe izintambo ze-OM ziyahambisana nezintambo ze-OS?

Impendulo yalokho ithi cha — izintambo ze-OM vs OS azikwazi ukushintshaniswa. Ziyahlukahluka ngobukhulu be-core kanye nendlela ukukhanya okusabalala ngayo ngaphakathi kwe-core. Ukuze uthole imiphumela emihle kakhulu, sebenzisa izintambo ezenzelwe ukuhambisana nezidingo ezihlukile zesistimu yakho.

Iyiphi ikhebula le-fiber elifanele amanethiwekhi angu-100G?

Kumanethiwekhi e-100G, i-OM4 noma i-OM5 kuyanconywa ekucushweni kwe-multimode. Kuma-singlemode, i-OS2 iyindlela enengqondo, njengoba ingasekela amabanga amade ngesivinini esikhulu.

Izindleko zihluka kanjani phakathi kwezintambo ze-OS ne-OM?

Izintambo ze-OS ngokuvamile zibiza kakhulu ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okuphakeme kwebanga elide. Izintambo ze-OM zishibhile, zikhawulelwe ebangeni elifushane lokudlulisa.

Yini okufanele ngiyicabangele lapho ngikhetha ikhebula le-fiber?

Cabanga ngezinto ezifana nebanga, izidingo zesivinini, uhlobo lokufakwa oluvalekile (ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle), ukuxhuma engqalasizinda yamanje njll. I-OS yezinhlelo zokusebenza zebanga elide kanye ne-OM yezinhlelo zokusebenza zejubane eliphezulu, zebanga elifushane.