• Iintambo ze-OS, okanye iintambo ze-optical single-mode, ziintambo ze-single-mode ezifanelekileyo kumgama omde kunye nokudluliselwa kwedatha ngesantya esiphezulu. Iintambo ze-OM ziintambo ze-multimode, ezifanelekileyo kakhulu kuthungelwano lomgama omfutshane. Ukwazi umahluko kuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana ukusebenza okungcono kakhulu kwisicelo sakho esithile.

• Iifayibha ze-OS1 zilungiselelwe ukusetyenziswa ngaphakathi, apho umgama uba mfutshane kwaye ukuncitshiswa kwangaphakathi kube kukhulu. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iifayibha ze-OS2 zilungele ngcono iindawo zangaphandle kunye nokusetyenziswa kwexesha elide njengoko zinika ukuncitshiswa okuphantsi.

• Iintambo ze-OM zahlulwe ngokwemigangatho (OM1-OM5) nganye inika ubungakanani obahlukeneyo be-bandwidth kunye nokukwazi umgama. I-OM3 kunye ne-OM4 ezilungiselelwe nge-laser zibonelela ngokusebenza okuphezulu, i-OM5 enenkxaso ye-multimode yamaza amaninzi ibonelela ngenethiwekhi ekhuselayo kwixesha elizayo.

• Ubungakanani beCore Ithathwa njengeyona nto iphambili ekukhetheni ifayibha. Iintambo ze-single-mode (OS1/OS2) zisebenzisa i-core encinci nangakumbi, efanelekileyo ekudluliseleni okugxileyo, okuhamba ixesha elide. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iifayibha ze-multimode (OM), ngenxa ye-cores zazo ezityebileyo, ziyakhanya kwiinethiwekhi zendawo.

• I-bandwidth ye-modal kunye nokunciphisa i-attenuation kudlala indima enkulu kumanqanaba okudluliselwa kwedatha kunye nomgangatho wesignali. Ukukhetha intambo engcono ngokwezi metrics kukhokelela ekusebenzeni kwenethiwekhi okusebenzayo nokuthembekileyo.

• Vavanya umgama wenethiwekhi yakho, i-bandwidth, kunye neemfuno zokukhula kwixesha elizayo ukuze wenze ukhetho olunolwazi phakathi kweefayibha ze-OS kunye ne-OM ezihambelana nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwakho kunye neemfuno zobugcisa.

Ngoku uyazi umahluko phakathi kwe-OS1, i-OS2 kunye ne-OM1 ukuya kwi-OM5, kwaye yintoni efanelekileyo kwisicelo sakho. I-OS1 kunye ne-OS2 zii-standard grades ze-International Telecommunications Union (ITU) ze-optical single-mode fibers.

I-OS1 ilungele ukusetyenziswa ngaphakathi kwisakhiwo kwiindawo ezimfutshane, ngelixa i-OS2 ilungele ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide ngaphandle. I-OM1 kunye ne-OM2 zilungele ukufakwa okulula, kodwa i-OM3, i-OM4, kunye ne-OM5 zikhanya ngesantya esiphezulu kunye nemigama emide.

Kwezi ntlobo zintlanu, i-OM1, i-OM2, i-OM3, i-OM4, kunye ne-OM5 zonke zithathwa njenge-multimode fiber. I-OM5 yazisa ukuhambelana nokusetyenziswa kwizicelo ze-wideband.

Uhlobo ngalunye lunenjongo echaziweyo ngokwebanga lalo, isantya, kunye nendawo olubekwe kuyo. Kula macandelo alandelayo, siza kuxoxa ngomahluko walo, usetyenziso, kunye neenzuzo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukhetha oluchanekileyo kwiimfuno zakho.

Iintambo ze-OS kunye ne-OM Fiber: Isishwankathelo

Iintambo ze-fiber optic, ezikwimo ye-OS (Optical Single-mode) kunye ne-OM (Optical Multimode), zingumqolo weziseko zophuhliso zothungelwano lwanamhlanje. Amagama azo adla ngokuvela kwisakhiwo sazo esiphambili, ukusebenza, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo.

Ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kwezi ntlobo kubalulekile ukuze ukwazi ukwenza ukhetho olufanelekileyo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa kwenethiwekhi.

Ukuqonda iiCables zeFiber ze-OS

Iintambo ze-OS zinemicu yemo enye, eyaziwa ngobukhulu bayo obuncinci, ngokuqhelekileyo ububanzi obuyi-8-10 microns. Olu yilo luthetha ukuba ziyakwazi ukuhambisa ukukhanya kwindlela enye kuphela, nto leyo enciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwesignali kumgama omde.

I-OS1 kunye ne-OS2 zezona ntlobo zimbini ziphambili. Iintambo ze-OS1 zilungele ukusetyenziswa ngaphakathi kwaye zinezinga eliphantsi lokuncitshiswa kwe-2 dB/km kwi-1550 nm. Xa kuthelekiswa, iintambo ze-OS2 zilawula uthungelwano lwangaphandle nolude, zisebenza ngempumelelo kwii-wavelengths ze-1310 okanye i-1550 nanometers.

Uthungelwano lwefowuni kunye nokudluliselwa kwedatha kude kudla ngokuxhomekeka kwiintambo ze-OS. Ziqinisekisa ukuchaneka okugqithisileyo kunye nokwehla okuncinci kwesignali, zombini ezi zinto zibaluleke kakhulu kunxibelelwano olufanelekileyo.

Nangona zifuna imithombo yelaser ebiza kakhulu, ukusebenza kwazo okungenakuthelekiswa nanto kwizicelo ezikude kuyayithethelela loo ndleko.

Ukuhlola iintambo ze-OM Fiber

Iintambo ze-OM, ezaziwa ngokuba zii-multimode fibers, zibonakaliswa zii-cores zazo ezinkulu, ezidla ngokuba zii-microns ezingama-50 – 62.5 ububanzi. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukukhanya kunokuthatha iindlela ezahlukeneyo, yiyo loo nto zisetyenziswa kwinethiwekhi ezikude.

I-OM1 inesiseko se-62.5-micron kwaye ithumela idatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyawo ezingama-984 kwi-10 Gbps. Njengothelekiso, i-OM2 iphinda loo mgama kabini, ifikelela kwisantya sokudlulisa esifikelela kwiinyawo ezili-1,804 ngesantya esifanayo.

I-OM3, i-OM4, kunye ne-OM5 zibonelela ngee-bandwidths ezinkulu ngokulandelelana, ezifanelekileyo ngokupheleleyo kwiziko ledatha elikhawulezayo kunye neenethiwekhi zekhampasi zanamhlanje.

Yintoni Eyahlula ii-OS kunye nee-OM Fibers?

Ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kweefayibha ze-Optical Singlemode (OS) kunye ne-Optical Multimode (OM) kubalulekile ekukhetheni uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwentambo kwizicelo ezithile. Olu mahluko lubangelwa kukungafani kwesakhiwo esiphambili, ukusebenza, imilinganiselo, amandla omgama kunye nezicelo ezisetyenziswa ngcono.

1. Umahluko ongundoqo: Imowudi enye vs. imowudi eninzi

Ngaphandle koko, ubungakanani be-core bubalulekile ekudlulisweni kwesignali. Oku kubonakaliswa zii-OS fibers, ezinobubanzi obuncinci kakhulu be-core, ngokuqhelekileyo zii-8–10 microns, ezivumela ukudluliselwa kwe-single-mode. Olu yilo lunciphisa ukusasazeka kwe-modal, okuvumela ii-OS fibers ukuba zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo kumgama omde.

Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iifayibha ze-OM bezingenachaneko kangako kwiitransmissions zomgama omfutshane. Iifayibha ze-OM zinobukhulu obukhulu obuphakathi kwee-microns ezingama-50 kunye nama-62.5. Oku kubangela ukuba iindlela ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zokukhanya zisasazeke, kongeza ukusasazeka okubalulekileyo kwe-modal kwaye kuthintele kakhulu umgama kunye nobuchule be-bandwidth.

Ukongeza, ukusebenza kuyachatshazelwa yindlela yokusebenza. Iifayibha ze-OS zisebenza kwiiwavelengths ze-1310 okanye ze-1550-nanometer. Zifuna imithombo yelaser ebiza kakhulu, ngenxa yokuchaneka kwazo okuphezulu. Iifayibha ze-OM zisebenza kwiiwavelengths ezimfutshane, njengee-nanometers ezingama-850. Zisebenzisa imithombo yokukhanya ye-LED engabizi kakhulu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zingabizi kakhulu xa zisetyenziselwa umgama omfutshane.

2. IiMetriki zoKusebenza: i-OS vs i-OM

I-bandwidth yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekusebenzeni. Ngenxa yokuba iifayibha ze-OS zibonisa iimveliso zomgama we-bandwidth omkhulu xa kuthelekiswa neefayibha ze-OM, iifayibha ze-OS zisetyenziswa kakhulu kunxibelelwano olukhawulezayo nolukude.

Ngenxa yokusasazwa kwe-modal, iifayibha ze-OM zilungele ukusetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza.

3. Umgama kunye neBandwidth Amandla

Iintambo ze-OS zinika ukusebenza okugqwesileyo kwiinkqubo zexesha elide. I-OS1 ilinganiswe kumgama ofikelela kwi-1.2 yeemayile. I-OS2 ide iphindaphinde umgama ophezulu ukuya kwi-6.2 yeemayile, zombini zifuna ukulahleka okuphezulu kwe-1.0 dB/km.

Iifayibha ze-OM zenzelwe ubude obufutshane, kunye nomgama ophezulu odla ngokuba malunga neeyadi ezingama-550 xa usebenzisa umgangatho we-OM4. Zigcina umgangatho wokulahleka we-3.0 dB/km. Kwizicelo ze-bandwidth ephezulu, iifayibha ze-OS zidlula i-OM ngenxa yokudluliselwa kwemowudi enye kunye nokusasazeka okuphantsi.

4. Imizekelo yesicelo sohlobo ngalunye

Iintambo ze-OS zilungele unxibelelwano kunye nezinye iinethiwekhi ezikude, kuquka neekhonkco zedatha phakathi kwezixeko. Ukukwazi kwazo ukugcina ukuthembeka kwesignali kwiimayile ezininzi yiyo loo nto izenza zibe baluleke kakhulu kwezi ndawo zifunwa kakhulu.

Oko kwenza iintambo ze-OM zibe lukhetho olucacileyo lonxibelelwano olukhawulezayo, oluneendlela ezininzi kwiinethiwekhi zengingqi (ii-LAN), amaziko edatha, kunye neenethiwekhi zekhampasi. Zilungele umgama ophakathi ofuna iikhonkco eziqinileyo nezikhawulezayo.

Ukuntywila nzulu: Imigangatho yeFayibha ye-OM (OM1-OM5)

Iintambo ze-fiber optic ze-Multimode (OM1-OM5) ziphuhliswe ngokukhawuleza ukuze zihambelane nesidingo esikhulayo sothungelwano olufunwa kakhulu nolukhawulezayo. Umgangatho ngamnye ubonelela ngezakhono ezizodwa ezinxulumene ne-bandwidth, umgama, kunye nezicelo, ezinceda ekudaleni ulungelelwano olufanelekileyo kuzo zonke iindawo ezahlukeneyo.

Ukwazi indlela ezi migangatho ezahluka ngayo ngokusebenza kwayo kubalulekile ekuchongeni isisombululo esifanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho zonxibelelwano ezikhethekileyo.

I-OM1 kunye ne-OM2: Iifayibha zeMode yeLegacy

I-OM1 kunye ne-OM2 zezona zizukulwana zokuqala ze-multimode fiber, ezenziwe ikakhulu kucingwa ngonxibelelwano lwe-telecommunications olufutshane. I-OM1 ixhasa umgama we-6,561 ft kwaye inika i-bandwidth ye-160 MHz·km.

I-OM2 igcina uluhlu olufanayo nolwe-OM1 kodwa yonyusa i-bandwidth ukuya kwi-500 MHz·km emangalisayo. Zombini zixhomekeke kwiitransmitter ze-LED, ezithintela amandla azo okufikelela kwisantya esiphezulu kunye ne-bandwidths.

Ngaphambili, ezi ntambo zazifumaneka rhoqo kwiinethiwekhi nakwiinkqubo zakudala, kuquka neendawo ze-Ethernet ezazisebenza kwi-10 Mbps ukuya kwi-100 Mbps. Njengoko iimfuno zenethiwekhi zazitshintsha ukuze zixhase isantya esiphezulu, ezi ntambo ze-multimode zaqala ukuphelelwa lixesha.

Namhlanje, i-OM1 kunye ne-OM2 azisetyenziswa kangako kwiindawo ezintsha kodwa zisasetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezikhoyo.

I-OM3 kunye ne-OM4: Iifayibha ezilungiselelwe iLaser

I-OM3 kunye ne-OM4 zazisa iteknoloji ye-multimode eyenziwe nge-laser (LOMMF), eyabonelela ngokwanda okukhulu kwe-bandwidth kunye nomgama. I-OM3 kunye ne-OM4 zifikelela kwi-16,404 feet kunye ne-2.5 GHz·km kunye ne-32,808 feet kunye ne-4.7 GHz·km, ngokulandelelana.

Ezi ntambo zilungele usetyenziso olukhawulezayo olufana namaziko edatha kunye neenethiwekhi zamashishini, zixhasa isantya sokudlulisa esifikelela kwi-100 Gbps. Enyanisweni, uninzi lwe-OM4 ethengiswayo namhlanje ithengiswa phantsi kwegama lefayibha ye-OM3 yeprimiyamu ngenxa yezakhono zokusebenza ezihambelanayo.

I-OM5: I-Wideband Multimode Fiber

I-OM5, eyona migangatho yamva nje, yenzelwe ukuxhasa ubude beewavelengths ezininzi ezingaphezu kwe-850 nm, kuquka i-880 nm kunye ne-940 nm. Inika i-bandwidth ye-28 GHz·km.

Ixhasa isantya se-40 Gbps kunye ne-100 Gbps kumgama omfutshane phakathi kweemitha ezili-100 (iinyawo ezingama-328) ukuya kwiimitha ezili-150 (iinyawo ezingama-492). Ukwakhiwa kwayo kulungele ubuchwepheshe obuntsonkothileyo, obufana ne-wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), okuvumela ukhuseleko lwexesha elizayo kuthungelwano lwesizukulwana esilandelayo.

Iimpawu eziphambili ze-OM1 ukuya kwi-OM5

• OM1: 6,561 ft, 160 MHz·km, isekelwe kwi-LED.

• OM2: 6,561 ft, 500 MHz·km, isekelwe kwi-LED.

• OM3: 16,404 ft, 2.5 GHz·km, ilungiselelwe nge-laser.

• OM4: 32,808 ft, 4.7 GHz·km, ilungiselelwe nge-laser.

• OM5: 492 ft, 28 GHz·km, ilungiselelwe nge-laser, ixhasa i-WDM.

Iintlobo ze-OS Fiber: Uthelekiso oluneenkcukacha

Ukukhetha ifayibha, ingakumbi xa kuthelekiswa ifayibha ze-OS1 kunye ne-OS2, ngumsebenzi wokuqonda iimpawu ezahlukeneyo kunye nokusetyenziswa okucetywayo. Nganye yifayibha yemowudi enye kodwa apho ukufana kuphelela ngokweempawu zoyilo, iimpawu zokusebenza kunye nokusetyenziswa. Iifayibha ze-OS ngokubanzi zine-cores ezincinci kakhulu kuneefayibha ze-OM, nto leyo eyenza zifaneleke ngakumbi ukuhanjiswa kwesignali yomgama omde efumaneka kunxibelelwano.

Kufuneka zisebenze kwii-wavelengths ze-1310 okanye ze-1550 nanometer, zifuna imithombo yelaser echanekileyo nebiza kakhulu.

OS1: Usetyenziso lwangaphakathi

Iifayibha ze-OS1 zenzelwe ngokukodwa iimfuno zenethiwekhi ezimfutshane, ezakhiweyo. Ziyakwazi ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1.24 miles (2 km) kunye nesantya ukusuka kwi-1 ukuya kwi-10 Gb/s. Ngoko ke, zilungele naluphi na ulungiselelo lwenethiwekhi yendawo (LAN), ukuthunyelwa kweziko ledatha, okanye i-ofisi yenkampani.

Uyilo lwabo luphucula ubulula kwaye lunciphisa iindleko zokufakelwa ngaphakathi ngelixa lubonelela ngeendawo zokudibanisa eziqinileyo zoomatshini zokufakelwa kwangaphandle okuthembekileyo. Amandla abo okusebenza ayathintelwa kwiimeko ezifuna isantya esikhawulezayo okanye umgama omde, njengoko iziphumo zokunciphisa ziya zibonakala ngakumbi.

Iifayibha ze-OS1 zihlala zinezinga lokuncitshiswa kwe-1.0 dB ngekhilomitha nganye. Enyanisweni, eli zinga lanele ukubaleka okufutshane kodwa aliyinqumli imigama emide.

OS2: Usetyenziso lwangaphandle

Ukongeza, iifayibha ze-OS2 zisebenza kakuhle kakhulu kwiindlela ezikude, ezisetyenziswa ngaphandle—ezifana neentambo zonxibelelwano kunye neenethiwekhi eziphakathi kwezixeko. Zinceda ekuxhaseni umgama oxhasa ezothutho weekhilomitha ezi-3.1 ukuya kwezi-6.2 (5 ukuya kwezi-10 km). Ngemveliso yomgama we-bandwidth we-4.0 GHz·km, zilungele ukuhanjiswa komgama omde.

Indalo yazo eqinileyo iyakwazi ukumelana neemeko zendalo ukuze inike ukuqina okuhlala ixesha elide kunye nomgangatho wesignali ocacileyo kwiindlela ezinde. Iifayibha ze-OS2 zingcono kwi-signal ende kunye nesantya sokunciphisa se-0.4 dB ngekhilomitha kwi-1310 nm.

Yile ndlela yokusebenza eyenza zibe ngcono kuneefayibha ze-OS1.

Umahluko wokunciphisa amandla kwi-OS Fibers

Ukuncitshiswa kwesandi kuchaphazela ukusebenza ngokunciphisa amandla esignali. Iifayibha ze-OS1 zinomlinganiselo ophezulu wokuncitshiswa kwesandi we-4 dB/km, nto leyo ethintela ukusetyenziswa kwazo kumgama omfutshane.

Kwelinye icala, iifayibha ze-OS2 zibonelela ngokusebenza ngcono kokunciphisa imiqondiso ukuze kugcinwe iimpawu ezisemgangathweni ophezulu kumgama omde, nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu kwimisebenzi yangaphandle.

Umahluko kwezobuchwepheshe kunye nempembelelo yokusebenza

Ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kweefayibha ze-OS (Optical Single-mode) kunye ne-OM (Optical Multimode) kubalulekile ekukhetheni isisombululo esifanelekileyo kwiimfuno zenethiwekhi. Olu mahluko luvela ikakhulu kubungakanani be-core kunye ne-modal bandwidth.

Ezi zinto ziyadibana ukuze zichaphazele ukuhanjiswa kwedatha kwaye ekugqibeleni zilawule indlela uhlobo ngalunye olusebenza ngayo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo.

Ubungakanani beCore kunye nokubaluleka kwayo

Ubungakanani bentloko ebonisiweyo buchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo imiqondiso yokukhanya okushukumayo edluliselwa ngeentambo zefayibha ye-optic. Iifayibha zemowudi enye (OS1, OS2) zine-core yefayibha encinci, eyi-9-micron, evumela indlela enye kuphela yokuhamba kokukhanya.

Olu luyilo oluhle kakhulu lokunciphisa ukusasazeka. Ngenxa yoko, iimpawu zinokugubungela amanqanaba amangalisayo: iimayile ezili-15.5 kwi-1310 nm kunye neemayile ezingama-24.8 kwi-1550 nm, kunye namazinga okunciphisa angama-0.4 dB/km kunye ne-0.3 dB/km, amazinga amancinci okulahleka kwesignali.

Xa kuthelekiswa, iifayibha ze-multimode (OM1-OM5) zinee-cores ezinkulu (ii-microns ezingama-50 ukuya kuma-62.5), ezivumela iindlela ezininzi zokukhanya. Nangona olu khetho loyilo lunceda ngamanani aphezulu edatha, luyandisa ukulahleka kwesignali xa umgama usiya uphela.

I-OM1 inika ukuncipha okungaphezulu kune-OM4. Uyilo olutsha lwe-OM4 olusebenza kakuhle kunye noyilo lwezinto ezibonakalayo luphumela ekusebenzeni ngcono kwezicelo ezikufutshane.

I-Modal Bandwidth Ichazwe

Kwi-bandwidth ye-modal, elinganiswa kwi-MHz·km, amandla e-fiber okuthwala ulwazi amiselwa bubuninzi be-fiber yayo. I-bandwidth ye-OM4 (4700 MHz·km kwi-850 nm) idlula kude i-OM3 (2000 MHz·km), okuvumela uthumelo olukhawulezayo noluhambelanayo.

I-OM5 ithatha elo nyathelo linye phambili, ngokusebenza kakuhle naphi na apho sisebenzisa khona ubude be-wavelengths ukuya kuthi ga kwi-940 nm.

Impembelelo kwiZinga lokuThunyelwa kweDatha

Ubungakanani obuphambili kunye namazinga okudlulisa umda we-bandwidth. Kwii-applications ezikhawulezayo nezimfutshane, ii-fibers ze-multimode zibonelela ngokusebenza okuqinileyo, zixhasa umgama ofikelela kwi-100 Gbps kumgama omfutshane.

Iifayibha zemowudi enye, ezenzelwe ukulahleka okuncinci kangangoko, zihlangabezana neemfuno ezinde nezinomthamo ophezulu ngokulula.

Ukukhetha intambo yefayibha efanelekileyo

Ukukhetha intambo yefayibha efanelekileyo kwinethiwekhi yakho kuthetha ukufumana umahluko ofanelekileyo phakathi kokusebenza, iindleko, kunye neemfuno zexesha elide. Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, uhlobo ngalunye lwefayibha lunezakhono ezizodwa ezizivumela ukuba zisetyenziswe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.

Okokuqala, fumana umfanekiso ocacileyo weemfuno zenethiwekhi yakho. Emva koko, jonga ezinye izinto ezinje ngomgama, i-bandwidth, kunye nohlahlo-lwabiwo mali ukuze ukhethe intambo yefayibha efanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho. Qhubeka ufunda njengoko sichaza ezinye zezinto eziphambili ekufuneka uziqwalasele ukuze zikuncede ulawule isigqibo sakho.

Hlola iimfuno zakho zeNethiwekhi

Qala ngokumisela iimfuno ezizodwa zenethiwekhi yakho. Iifayibha zemowudi enye (OS2) zilungele kakhulu usetyenziso olukude, njengonxibelelwano, apho uqhagamshelo luthatha iimayile ezininzi.

Iifayibha ze-Multimode (OM1–OM5) zisebenza kakuhle kunxibelelwano olufutshane. Ziindlela ezifanelekileyo zokudibanisa izixhobo ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo okanye kwikhampasi, kwaye i-OM1 idla ngokuphatha umgama ofikelela kwiimitha ezimbalwa.

Kufuneka siqaphele iimfuno zedatha zexesha elizayo. Umzekelo, inkxaso ye-OM5 yamaza abanzi iyenza ibe lula ukuhlaziya ngakumbi, nto leyo eyenza ibe sisisombululo esifanelekileyo kwiinethiwekhi ezineemfuno zexesha elizayo.

Cinga ngeeMfuno zoMgama kunye neBandwidth

Umgama kunye ne-bandwidth zezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekugqibeni ukuba yeyiphi ifayibha ekufuneka isetyenziswe. Iifayibha zemowudi enye zibonelela ngokusebenza kakuhle kumgama omde, ngelixa iifayibha zemowudi ezininzi zilungele ukusetyenziswa kumgama omfutshane.

Zombini iifayibha ze-OM3 kunye ne-OM4 multimode zixhasa umgama ofikelela kwiimitha ezingama-550 kwi-10Gbps. Olu phawu luzenza zilungele imisebenzi yesantya esiphezulu, yomgama omfutshane.

Ukusebenza kuchaphazeleka kakhulu kukutshintshatshintsha kobubanzi be-core. Iifayibha ze-Multimode zinee-cores ezityebileyo, ngokubanzi zingama-50 okanye ama-62.5 microns, ezivumela ukuba zithwale iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhanya.

Vavanya iindleko kunye nohlahlo-lwabiwo mali

Iifayibha zendlela enye zibiza kakhulu ngenxa yokunyamezelana okuqinileyo kunye nemithombo yelaser ebiza kakhulu, edla ngokusebenza kwiiwavelengths ze-1310 okanye ze-1550 nm.

Iifayibha zeMultimode, ezenza i-80% yezinto ezifakelweyo, zibonelela ngokhetho olungabizi kakhulu kwiindlela ezimfutshane, ngelixa zibonelela ngokusebenza okuqinileyo okufunekayo.

Ukuqinisekisa Ikamva Lenethiwekhi Yakho

Ukukhusela ikamva kunokuba yinto ebalulekileyo. Ukukhetha izisombululo zefayibha eziguquguqukayo nezinokwandiswa kuqinisekisa ikamva lenethiwekhi yakho kwaye kukunika inkululeko yokwamkela ubuchwepheshe obutsha njengoko bukhula.

Iingqwalasela zeendleko zeFiber Optics

Xa ucinga ngokusetyenziswa kwe-fiber optic, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba ezi ndleko zahluka kangakanani phakathi kwe-Single-Mode (OS1 kunye ne-OS2) kunye ne-Multi-Mode (OM1 ukuya kwi-OM5). Ezi ndleko zahluka kungekuphela nje kwinqanaba lotyalo-mali oluphambili, kodwa nakwinqanaba lolondolozo lwexesha elide. Ngayinye kwezi zinto ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo iindleko, ixabiso kunye nokwenzeka kokuphuhlisa inkqubo ye-fiber optic.

Iindleko zokuqala zotyalo-mali

Utyalo-mali lokuqala lwe-Single-Mode (OS1/OS2) kunye ne-Multi-Mode (zombini i-OM1-OM5) fibers zahluke kakhulu.

Kukho ingcamango ephosakeleyo eqhelekileyo yokuba iifayibha zemowudi enye zibiza kakhulu kuneefayibha zemowudi ezininzi. Iifayibha zemowudi enye zifuna iimodyuli ze-optical ezibizayo ze-1300nm. Ezi modyuli zihlala zibiza ngokuphindwe kabini ukuya kathathu kuneemodyuli ze-850nm esizisebenzisayo kwiifayibha zemowudi ezininzi. Oku kwandisa iindleko ezipheleleyo zeenkqubo zemowudi enye ngomda obalulekileyo.

Iifayibha zeendlela ezininzi, ingakumbi i-OM4 kunye ne-OM5, zineendlela ezininzi zokonga imali. Ifayibha ye-OM4 ixabisa malunga nama-33 ekhulwini kune-OM2 kodwa inikezela ngokusebenza okuphezulu. Ukuphucula ukuya kwifayibha ye-OM4 kususa loo mngcipheko ngelixa kuqinisekiswa ukuba inkqubo ixhamla kwiinkqubela phambili zamva nje kubuchwepheshe beendlela ezininzi, okonga iindleko kule nkqubo.

I-OM5 ixhasa isantya esiphezulu kunye nezicelo eziphucukileyo, kuquka i-200/400G Ethernet, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-8-core WBMMF kuphela. Nangona ibiza kakhulu kune-OM4, ihlawula izabelo ngokunciphisa iindleko zokuphucula kwixesha elizayo.

Iindleko Zokugcinwa Kwexesha Elide

Ngoko ke iindleko zokugcina zidlala indima enkulu kwindlela ababhajetha ngayo. Ukufakelwa kwendlela enye, nangona kuthembekile, kufuna izixhobo ezikhethekileyo nezibizayo kunye nobuchule bokugcina nokubuyisela.

Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iifayibha zeendlela ezininzi zihlala zinemfuno ephantsi yokugcinwa, nto leyo enciphisa iindleko zexesha elide. Ukuphucula kwiindlela zeendlela ezininzi ezisemgangathweni ophezulu, njenge-OM4 okanye i-OM5, kubonelela ngokunciphisa okungakumbi ubunzima bokugcinwa ngelixa kwandisa ukufumaneka kunye nobude bexesha lenkqubo.

Uhlalutyo lweNzuzo-mali

Kwiimfuno zomgama omde okanye ezifunwa kakhulu, imowudi enye ifanele ixabiso eliphezulu. Kumaziko edatha okanye amashishini axabisa ukwandiswa kunye neendleko zokulungisa ezincitshisiweyo, i-OM4 okanye i-OM5 zibonelela ngexabiso elingcono lilonke.

Ukudibanisa kunye nokuhambelana

Xa ukhetha intambo ye-fiber optic, ukuhlanganiswa kunye nokuhambelana kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yakho isebenza kakuhle. Ezi zinto zinefuthe elikhulu ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwenkqubo, ukuguquguquka kwexesha elide kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko. Ukuhambelana kungaphezulu nje kokufanisa iintambo nehardware.

Ifuna ngokufanayo ukuba inkqubo isebenziseke nemigaqo yangoku kwaye ifumaneke kwiinkqubela phambili zexesha elizayo, konke oku ngaphandle kokongeza ubunzima obungafanelekanga.

Ukusebenza neeNkqubo ezikhoyo

Ukudibanisa ukufakelwa kweefayibha ezintsha neenethiwekhi ezikhoyo kufuna uvavanyo olucokisekileyo. Umzekelo, iifayibha ze-OM3 kunye ne-OM4 zilungile kwiinethiwekhi ezifuna isantya se-10Gb/s ukuya kwi-100Gb/s. I-OM4 inika izibonelelo ezongezelelweyo, ezifana nomgama omde kunye nohlahlo-lwabiwo mali oluphezulu lwe-optical, okwenza kube luphuculo olungabizi kakhulu lokukhusela kwixesha elizayo.

Ukuhambelana nezixhobo zangoku, ezifana nee-transceivers kunye neeswitshi, kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ukuze kuthintelwe iingxaki. Iifayibha zemowudi enye, ezifana neentambo ze-OS, zisebenza kwiiwavelengths ze-1310 okanye ze-1550 nm kwaye zifuna imithombo yelaser ebiza kakhulu, nto leyo enyusa iindleko zokudibanisa. Ukuvavanya ezi zinto kwangethuba kunokuthintela ukungangqinelani kunye nokulibaziseka.

Iintlobo zoQhagamshelo kunye nokuHlangana

Oku kungenxa yokuba iinkqubo ze-fiber optic ziqhagamshela zisebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezihlanganisi ezifana ne-LC, i-SC, okanye i-MPO/MTP. Ezi zihlanganisi kufuneka zihambelane ngqo nojongano lwesixhobo ukuze zivumele ukufakwa okuthambileyo kwimodeli. Umzekelo, iintambo ze-OM5 zilungiselelwe ukudluliselwa kuluhlu oluqala kwi-40Gb/s ukuya kwi-100Gb/s.

Basebenzisa izihlanganisi ze-MPO ukunciphisa inani leefayibha ezifunekayo. Ukukhetha isihlanganisi esifanelekileyo akuchaphazeli nje kuphela ukulula kokuseta, kodwa nokusebenza, ingakumbi kwizicelo ezikhawulezayo.

Ukuphepha imiba eqhelekileyo yokudibanisa

Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo zokukhula zinokuba kukuwela kumgibe wokutsiba iitshekhi zokuhambelana kunye nokungawunaki umlinganiselo wexesha elizayo. Ukusebenzisa iifayibha ze-multimode eziphuculweyo ezifana ne-OM4 kunokunciphisa iindleko zenkqubo iyonke nge-1%.

Ezi fibers zivumela ezinye izinto ezintsha ezifana ne-wavelength division multiplexing (WDM). Ukubala ezi variables kwenza kube lula ukutshintsha.

Iindlela Zekamva kwiTekhnoloji yeFiber Optic

Njengesiseko seenkqubo zonxibelelwano zanamhlanje, iteknoloji ye-fiber optic iyaqhubeka nokukhula ukuze ihlangabezane neemfuno ezikhulayo zokudluliselwa kwedatha okukhawulezayo nokuthembekileyo. Ngokukhuthazwa kweteknoloji entsha kunye nokuphuhlisa imigangatho emva kwazo, uphuculo olukhulu ludala amathuba amatsha kwaye lutshintsha ubuso beenethiwekhi ze-fiber optic ngonaphakade.

Iiteknoloji neeMigangatho eziPhumayo

Ukwaziswa kwetekhnoloji entsha kunye noyilo lwezakhiwo kuthembisa ukutshintsha indlela esisasaza kwaye silawula ngayo iinethiwekhi ze-fiber optic. Umzekelo, ii-CS Connectors zabo, ezilungiselelwe usetyenziso lwe-200G kunye ne-400G, ziphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokudlulisa idatha ngesantya esonyukileyo.

Ezi ziqhagamshelo zincinci ze-form-factor zibonelela ngoxinano olungcono kwaye zifanelekile kakuhle kwiindawo zedatha kunye neenethiwekhi ze-telecomm zesizukulwana esilandelayo. Ngendlela efanayo, iziqhagamshelo ze-multi-fiber ezifana ne-MPO/MTP zenze uyilo lwenethiwekhi lube lula kwaye lusebenze ngakumbi ngokuvumela ii-bandwidth eziphezulu kunye nokubonelela ngamaxesha okufaka akhawulezileyo.

Ukusebenza kwe-fiber optic akuyonto nje yeteknoloji. I-OM5 fiber isebenza kwiiwavelengths ezingaphezulu kwe-850 nm. Oku kuquka i-880, 910 kunye ne-940 nm, nto leyo enyusa amandla okusetyenziswa kwe-shortwave wavelength division multiplexing (SWDM).

Kwimicu ye-multimode, i-bandwidth esebenzayo ye-OM4 ye-4700 MHz.km—ngaphezulu kabini kune-2000 MHz.km ye-OM3—iyandisa kakhulu amandla okuthwala idatha.

Uphuhliso olunokwenzeka kwi-OS kunye ne-OM Fibers

Uphuhliso kwi-OS fibers kunye netekhnoloji lusebenza ngoku ukujongana nesidingo sonxibelelwano oluhamba ixesha elide. Ziyandisa ukusebenza kwiiwavelength ezibalulekileyo ezifana ne-1310 nm kunye ne-1550 nm, apho amazinga aphantsi okunciphisa, aqhele ukuba yi-2.3 dB/km, abalulekile.

Uphuhliso lwe-OM fiber lumalunga nokwandisa i-bandwidth ekhoyo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Uyilo lwabo oluphezulu lwenzelwe ukwenziwa kwezinto ezifuna kakhulu kubandakanya i-cloud computing kunye neenethiwekhi ezisekelwe kwi-artificial intelligence.

Uphuhliso lwezicelo zeFiber Optic

I-fiber optics ikhule ngaphaya kwelifa layo lonxibelelwano ukuze inike amandla izinto ezintsha ezifana ne-IoT, izithuthi ezizimeleyo kunye nezixeko ezikrelekrele. Ngowama-2025, nge-80% yedatha yehlabathi idlula kwi-fiber, utshintsho lugxininisa ukuguquguquka kwetekhnoloji ekuphenduleni iimfuno eziguqukayo.

Isiphelo

Ukwazi umahluko phakathi kweentambo zefayibha ze-OS kunye ne-OM kuya kukuvumela ukuba ukhethe eyona ifanelekileyo kwisicelo sakho. Nganye ineenzuzo ezahlukeneyo, nokuba kungaphezulu komgama omde okanye amandla esantya esiphezulu kwiindawo ezikufutshane. Iintambo ze-OM zezona zikhetho zilungileyo kwizicelo ezimfutshane kwizakhiwo okanye kwiikhampasi ezifana namaziko edatha, ngelixa iintambo ze-OS zenzelwe ukugubungela umgama omde ngokulula. Ukuqonda ukusebenza, iindleko, kunye nokuhambelana kohlobo ngalunye kwenza kube lula ukwenza isigqibo kwaye ungahlawuli mali incinci kwiimpawu ongazidingiyo.

I-Fiber optics iyaqhubeka iphucuka, ivula indlela yeenethiwekhi ezikhawulezayo nezisebenzayo ngakumbi kunangaphambili. Ukuzigcina ufundile kuthetha ukuba awulungelanga nje kuphela iimfuno zanamhlanje kodwa nohlaziyo lwangomso. Nokuba uyila inethiwekhi ukususela ekuqaleni okanye uceba ukuhlaziya, ukwenza ukhetho olufanelekileyo namhlanje kuthetha ukuphepha iimpazamo ezibizayo nezithatha ixesha ngomso. Qhubeka uzifundisa kwaye wenze utyalo-mali olunolwazi nolucwangcisiweyo kwiimfuno zakho zonxibelelwano.

Imibuzo ebuzwa qho

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweentambo zefayibha ze-OS kunye ne-OM?

Iifayibha ze-OSSB (Optical Singlemode Solutions Based) zilungiselelwe ukuhanjiswa kwedatha ende. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iifayibha ze-OM (Optical Multimode) zisebenza kakuhle kumgama omfutshane. Iifayibha ze-OS zisebenzisa indlela enye yokukhanya ngelixa iifayibha ze-OM zisebenzisa iindlela ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zokukhanya.

Zisetyenziselwa ntoni iintambo ze-OM1, OM2, OM3, OM4, kunye ne-OM5?

I-OM1 kunye ne-OM2 zisetyenziswa rhoqo kwizicelo zesantya esiphantsi, ezikude. I-OM3 kunye ne-OM4 zenzelwe iinethiwekhi ze-10 gigabit nangaphezulu, njengalezo zifumaneka kwiziko ledatha. I-OM5 ivumela uthumelo lwe-wideband kunye neetekhnoloji ezintsha ezifana ne-SWDM (i-Shortwave Wavelength Division Multiplexing).

I-OS1 kunye ne-OS2 zahluke njani?

I-OS1 ine-buffering eqinileyo eyenzelwe ukusetyenziswa ngaphakathi, ngelixa i-OS2 yenzelwe ukusetyenziswa ngaphandle okanye phantsi komhlaba. I-OS2 inika ukuncipha okuncinci, ivumela ukufikelela ixesha elide kunye nokusebenza okungcono.

Ngaba iintambo ze-OM ziyahambelana neentambo ze-OS?

Impendulo yaloo nto ithi hayi — iintambo ze-OM vs OS azitshintshi. Zahlukile ngobukhulu be-core kunye nendlela ukukhanya okusasazeka ngayo kwi-core. Ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezilungileyo, sebenzisa iintambo ezenzelwe ukuhambelana neemfuno ezikhethekileyo zenkqubo yakho.

Yeyiphi intambo yefayibha efanelekileyo kwiinethiwekhi ze-100G?

Kwiinethiwekhi ze-100G, i-OM4 okanye i-OM5 iyacetyiswa kwiindlela ezininzi zokucwangcisa. Kwindlela enye, i-OS2 lukhetho olunengqiqo, njengoko inokuxhasa umgama omde ngesantya esiphezulu.

Ixabiso lahluka njani phakathi kweentambo ze-OS kunye neze-OM?

Iintambo ze-OS zihlala zibiza kakhulu ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okugqwesileyo komgama omde. Iintambo ze-OM zibiza kancinci, zikhawulelwe kumgama omfutshane wokudlulisa.

Yintoni endifanele ndiyiqwalasele xa ndikhetha intambo yefayibha?

Cinga ngezinto ezinje ngomgama, iimfuno zesantya, uhlobo lokufakwa ngaphakathi (ngaphakathi vs ngaphandle), ukunxibelelana neziseko zophuhliso zangoku njl. I-OS yezicelo zomgama omde kunye ne-OM yezicelo zesantya esiphezulu, ezimfutshane.