Iintambo ze-optical, ezaziwa ngokuba ziintambo ze-fiber optic, ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeziseko zonxibelelwano zanamhlanje kunye ne-intanethi.
Ezi ntambo zenzelwe ukuhambisa imiqondiso yokukhanya kumgama omde ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ngamandla esignali, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zibe yimfuneko kwizicelo ze-bandwidth ephezulu.
Ukuze kufezekiswe olu mgangatho wokusebenza, iintambo ze-optical zenziwe ngamaleya aliqela ezinto, nganye inenjongo yayo ethile, Umbindi wentambo ye-optical kulapho ukukhanya kuhamba khona.
Ngokwesiqhelo yenziwe ngemicu yeglasi, nangona imicu yeplastiki nayo isetyenziswa.
Iifayibha zeglasi zikhethwa ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okuphezulu kunye namazinga aphantsi okuthomalalisa ukukhanya, okuqinisekisa ukuba imiqondiso yokukhanya ingahamba imigama emide ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ngamandla amaninzi.
Ingaphakathi lijikelezwe yi-cladding, eyenziwe ngeglasi okanye iplastiki.
Indima yesigqubuthelo kukubuyisela ukukhanya ngaphakathi embindini, ukuthintela ukulahleka kwesignali nokugcina ingqibelelo yesignali.
Ukuze kufezekiswe esi siphumo, i-cladding ine-refractive index ephantsi kune-core, Ukongeza kwi-core kunye ne-cladding, ii-optical cables nazo ziquka i-buffer coating.
Olu gqubuthelo lukhusela umbindi kunye ne-cladding kumswakama kunye nomonakalo womzimba.

Ngokwesiqhelo yenziwe ngezinto zepolymer ezifana ne-acrylate okanye i-silicone, i-buffer coating iqinisekisa ukuba imicu yeglasi ethambileyo ihlala ikhuselekile ngexesha lokufakwa kwayo nakulo lonke ixesha lokusebenza kwentambo.

Ngaphezu koko, intambo inezitho ezinamandla ezenziwe ngezinto ezifana nemisonto ye-aramid, i-fiberglass, okanye imicu yentsimbi.
La malungu omeleleyo anika amandla okutsalwa afunekayo ukumelana namandla okutsala ngexesha lokufakwa nokuqinisekisa ukuqina kwentambo. Okokugqibela, ijakethi yangaphandle lulwaleko lokugqibela lwentambo ye-optical.
Yenziwe ngezinto ezifana nePVC, LSZH, okanye ipolyethylene, ijakethi yangaphandle ikhusela lonke ulwakhiwo lwentambo kwizinto ezingqongileyo kuquka ukufuma, ukurhawuzelelwa, kunye nefuthe. Olu maleko lunegalelo ngakumbi ekuqineni kwentambo kunye nobude bayo kwiimeko ezinzima. Ukudityaniswa kwezi zinto kwintambo ye-optical kwenza ukuhanjiswa okuthembekileyo kwemiqondiso ye-optical kunye nokulahleka okuncinci kunye nokuqina okuphezulu.
Ngenxa yoko, iintambo ze-optical zibalulekile kwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo zonxibelelwano kunye neziseko ze-intanethi, nto leyo enika umqolo wezicelo ze-bandwidth ephezulu, enye inkampani ephambili kubuchwepheshe beentambo ze-optical yi.
Ngokuzibophelela ekuveliseni izinto ezintsha kunye nomgangatho, uye waphuhlisa uluhlu lwezisombululo zekhebula ezibonisa ukukhanya ezihlangabezana nemigangatho ephezulu yoshishino.
Ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezisemgangathweni ophezulu kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa eziphambili, inika iintambo ze-optical ezibonelela ngokusebenza okungenakuthelekiswa nanto kunye nokuthembeka, eFeiboer, umbindi weentambo zabo ze-optical wenziwe ngeefayibha zeglasi ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ukuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwesignali okufanelekileyo kumgama omde.
I-cladding yenzelwe ukubuyisa ukukhanya kumbindi, igcina ukuthembeka kwesignali ngaphandle kokulahleka okukhulu.

Ngaphezu koko, i-buffer coating esetyenziswa yi- inika ukhuseleko oluphezulu kwiifayibha zeglasi ezithambileyo, ikhusela iintambo kumswakama kunye nomonakalo womzimba, Ukongeza, isebenzisa amalungu okuqina enziwe ngezinto eziphambili ezifana neeyard ze-aramid kunye ne-fiberglass, enika amandla okuxinana afunekayo kwiintambo zazo.
Iijakethi zangaphandle zeentambo zazo zenziwe ngezinto ezihlala ixesha elide, zibonelela ngokhuseleko olukhethekileyo kwiimeko zokusingqongileyo, zigxile ekuveliseni izinto ezintsha kunye nokuthembeka, liqabane elithembekileyo kwizisombululo zeentambo ze-optical.
Nokuba zezonxibelelwano, iziseko zophuhliso lwe-intanethi, okanye ezinye iinkqubo ze-bandwidth ephezulu, zibonelela ngeentambo ezihlangabezana neemfuno ezifunwa kakhulu, Ukuqukumbela, izixhobo ezisetyenziswa kwiintambo ze-optical zibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwazo nasekuqineni kwazo.
Ngokudibanisa okufanelekileyo kweefayibha zeglasi, i-cladding, i-buffer coating, amalungu okuqina, kunye nejakethi yangaphandle, iintambo ze-optical zinokudlulisela ngokuthembekileyo imiqondiso yokukhanya kumgama omde, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zibe yimfuneko kunxibelelwano lwanamhlanje kunye neziseko ze-intanethi.

Iinkampani ezifana nezi zikhokela indlela ekuphuhliseni izisombululo zekhebula ze-optical eziphambili ezibeka umgangatho wokusebenza kunye nokuthembeka kushishino.