• Uma kuqhathaniswa nezintambo zethusi zendabuko, izintambo ze-fiber optic zinikeza isivinini esingenakuqhathaniswa kanye nomkhawulokudonsa. Lokhu, kuzenza zilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukusebenza okusheshayo nokudinga idatha eningi.

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• Lezi zintambo zinikeza izinga eliphezulu kakhulu lobuqotho besiginali, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwedatha cishe futhi ukusebenza kwazo kuhle kakhulu, ngisho nangaphezulu kwezinkulungwane zamamitha.

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• Uma ukhetha uhlobo lwefayibha, ifayibha yemodi eyodwa ilungele ukuxhumana kwebanga elide, kanti ifayibha yemodi eminingi iyindlela engabizi kakhulu yamabanga amafushane.

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• Izici zokuphepha ezinhle kakhulu kanye nobumfihlo Izintambo ze-Fiber optic ziza nezinzuzo zokuphepha ezimangalisayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, azikwazi ukulalelwa noma ukuphazamiseka, okwenza zilungele ukuthwala idatha ebucayi.

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• Ukufakwa nokugcinwa kahle kwekhebula le-fiber optic kuzosiza kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhebula lisebenza kahle kakhulu. Lokhu kuqala ngokuphathwa ngokucophelela, ukuhlanza njalo, ukuhlola njalo.

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• Ukwazi ngezindinganiso zemboni, njengokuhambisana ne-TIA/EIA, kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ikhwalithi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlolwa okuzimele kuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokutshalwa kwezimali kwakho kwe-fiber optic.

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Umhlahlandlela wokuthenga ikhebula le-fiber optic kukusiza ukuthi wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi lapho ukhetha izintambo zokudlulisa idatha okusebenzayo nokuthembekile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izintambo ze-fiber optic zithumela ulwazi ngokukhanya, zinikeza isivinini esisheshayo kanye namabanga akude kunezintambo zethusi ezijwayelekile.

Lezi zinhlobo zezintambo ze-fiber optic ziyahlukahluka kakhulu kusukela kumodi eyodwa kuya kumodi eminingi. Uhlobo ngalunye lusebenza ngezinjongo ezihlukile, kungaba ukuxhumana kwezindawo zokuhlala, izinhlelo zokusebenza zezentengiselwano, noma ukuthunyelwa okubanzi.

Ubude bekhebula, uhlobo lwesixhumi, ukuqina, njll., yizinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukusebenza okungcono kakhulu. Ukuqonda ukuthi yini okufanele uyiqaphele kuzokongela isikhathi, imali, kanye nezinkinga zokuhambisana ekugcineni.

Kumhlahlandlela wethu ophelele womthengi, sizochaza konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nezintambo ze-fiber optic. Ngale ndlela, ungakhetha nje engcono kakhulu kuye ngesidingo sakho.

Kungani Kufanele Ukhethe Izintambo Ze-Fiber Optic?

Izintambo ze-fibre optic zishintshe imboni yezokuxhumana ngokunikeza isivinini esimangalisayo, ukuthembeka, kanye nokuphepha. Zidlula lokho okungenzeka ngezintambo zethusi zendabuko ngokusebenza nokuqina. Lokhu kuzenza zibe inketho efanelekile kumanethiwekhi okuxhumana anamuhla. Nasi isizathu esenza sicabange ukuthi ziyindlela engcono kakhulu, ngokubaluleka.

Izinzuzo zesivinini kanye ne-bandwidth

Ngokubanzi, izintambo ze-fiber optic zidlulisa idatha ngesimo sezimpawu zokukhanya ezihamba ngemicu emincane yezintambo zeglasi. Ingaphakathi, lapho ukukhanya kuhamba khona, kanye ne-cladding, ekhombisa ukukhanya emuva engaphakathi, zisebenza ndawonye ukuqondisa lezi zimpawu kahle. Lo mklamo uvumela isivinini sesikhathi esizayo se-100Gbps.

Ithwala ukukhanya phakathi kwemicu cishe ngesivinini sokukhanya esiphindwe kabili kwezintathu, okuyinzuzo eyenza ifaneleke kakhulu kumanethiwekhi anesivinini esikhulu. Imicu yemodi eyodwa yenzelwe ngqo amabanga amade, ngokuvamile angaphezu kwamamayela ayi-6, ngokulahleka okuncane kwesignali.

Imicu ye-Multimode, elungele ukugijima okufushane okungaphansi kwamamayela angu-1.2, ishibhile ukusetshenziswa kumanethiwekhi esifunda. Nasi isiqhathaniso:

Nakuba imicu yemodi eyodwa inezindleko zokuqala eziphezulu, ukunakekelwa kwayo okuncishisiwe kuyenza isebenziseke kahle ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ubuqotho besignali kanye nokuthembeka

Ama-fiber optics amelana kakhulu nokulahlekelwa yisignali (ukuncipha) futhi avikeleke ngokuphelele ekuphazamisekeni kwe-electromagnetic. Ama-LC connectors asebenza kahle ekusetshenzisweni kwabantu abaningi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-SC kanye nama-ST connectors ayaqhubeka nokuba amazinga athembekile ezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-telecom kanye nezesikhathi esidlule.

Uma udinga amandla aphezulu, izixhumi ze-MTP/MPO ziyahlangabezana nezidingo zakho.

Ukuxhumana Kwamabanga Amade

Njengoba amazinga aphansi okuncipha nokusabalala, ama-fiber optics aletha ikhwalithi ehlanzekile kuwo wonke amamayela. Izici ezithuthukisiwe ezifana nokulahlekelwa okuphansi kokubuya ziqinisekisa inani elincane kakhulu lokubonakaliswa kwesignali okungenzeka, okusiza ukukhuthaza ukugeleza kwedatha okuqhubekayo.

Izici Zokuphepha Ezithuthukisiwe

Ama-fiber optics awaphazamiseki ekuphazamisekeni kwe-electromagnetic, kunzima ukuwasebenzisa, ngakho-ke aphephile kakhulu, alungele ukudlulisa idatha ebucayi. Ukuqina kwawo nokumelana nokushisa, amanzi, i-UV ngisho namagundane kuthuthukisa ukuthembeka ezindaweni eziningi.

Kuchazwe Izisekelo Zekhebula Le-Fiber Optic

Izintambo ze-fibre optic ziwumgogodla oguqukayo wokudluliswa kwedatha kwanamuhla, zinikeza isivinini nokuthembeka okungancintiswana ngakho nentambo yethusi. Uhlaka lwazo oluncane lucishe lube yi-1/4 ubukhulu bethusi kanye ne-1/10 nje yesisindo salo. Ukwakhiwa okukhethekile okuyisicaba, okunezintambo eziningi kwenza kube lula ukufakwa nokugcinwa.

Ngokungafani nethusi, ama-fiber optic awaqhubi ugesi nhlobo. Lesi sici sisusa ukuthambekela kokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic (EMI), siletha ukusebenza okuthembekile, ngisho nasezindaweni ezivame kakhulu i-EMI.

Amasu Okuphatha Izintambo

Ukuze kugwenywe umonakalo ngesikhathi sokufakwa, ukuphathwa kahle kubalulekile.

• Gwema ukugoba izintambo ngale kwerediyasi yazo encane yokugoba.

• Faka imihubhe noma amathileyi okuvikela ukuze ugweme ukuchotshozwa noma ukukhuhla.

• Ukubopha izintambo ezinezibopho ezikhululekile ukuze kuvinjelwe ukucindezeleka kwezintambo.

• Qinisekisa ukuthi izintambo zigcinwa ezindaweni ezomile, ezilawulwa amazinga okushisa.

Amasu Okuqeda Afanele

Ukuqeda kahle kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza okuphezulu. Ngokuxhumeka okungaxhunywanga, sebenzisa izixhumi ezipholishiwe noma i-fusion splicing ukuze uthole ukuxhumana okuthembekile nokulahlekelwa okuncane.

Ama-termination kit agcwele amathuluzi anembile kanye nama-cleaver enza inqubo ibe lula ngenkathi egcina ukuhambisana okulinganayo phakathi kwe-core kanye ne-connector.

Izinqubo Zokuhlanza Nokuhlola

Ubuqotho be-fibre optic buxhomeke ekuhlanzweni nasekuhlolweni okuvamile.

• Iziphetho zesixhumi se-fiber optic esihlanzekile ngama-wipes angena-lint kanye ne-isopropyl alcohol.

• Hlola izixhumi nge-microscope yefayibha ukuze uthole ukungcola noma imihuzuko.

• Shintsha izixhumi ezonakele ngokushesha ukuze kulondolozwe ikhwalithi yesiginali.

Izindlela Zokuhlola Nokuxazulula Izinkinga

Ukuhlola kuqinisekisa ukuthi izintambo zisebenza njengoba kulindelekile. Sebenzisa i-Optical Time-Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) ukuhlonza amaphutha nokuhlola ukuncishiswa kwawo.

Amamitha kagesi edijithali kanye nemithombo yokukhanya ebonakalayo isetshenziselwa ukuqinisekisa amandla esignali, kanti izitholi zamaphutha ezibonakalayo zivame ukusetshenziswa ukuthola amakhefu noma ukugoba okubukhali ezintanjeni.

Imodi Eyodwa vs. Imodi Eningi: Umehluko Obalulekile

Uma unquma ikhebula le-fiber optic elifanele izidingo zakho, imodi eyodwa noma imodi ye-multimode, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yini ehlukanisa lezi zintambo nokuthi zisebenza kanjani. Lokhu kwehluka kudlala indima endleleni ngayinye ephatha ngayo ukudluliswa kwedatha, izindleko zayo ezihambisana nayo, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zayo ezifanele kakhulu.

1. Qonda i-Fiber yemodi eyodwa

I-fibre yemodi eyodwa inobubanzi obuncane kakhulu be-core, ngokuvamile cishe ama-micron angu-9. Lobo bukhulu obuncane buvumela ukukhanya ukuthi kuhambe ngqo phakathi kwe-core. Lokhu kunciphisa ukuwohloka kwesignali futhi kuvumela ukudluliswa kwesignali ebangeni elide.

Kunengqondo ukuthi i-fiber yemodi eyodwa ingasebenza kangcono ngemithombo yokukhanya ye-laser noma ye-laser diode. Kuyindlela ekhethwayo yanoma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza oludinga ukunemba okuphezulu emabangeni amade, njengasekuxhumaneni ngocingo kanye nenethiwekhi ye-long-haul.

2. Qonda i-Multimode Fiber

I-fiber ye-Multimode inobubanzi obukhulu be-core—ngokuvamile ingaba ama-micrometer angu-50 noma angu-62.5. Ngenxa yalobu bukhulu obukhuphukile, izindlela zokukhanya eziningi zingadlula ngasikhathi sinye ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ivame ukusebenzisa imithombo yokukhanya engabizi kakhulu njenge-LED noma i-VCSEL. Lapho i-fiber ye-multimode ikhanya khona ngempela kusezinhlelweni zokusebenza zesikhathi esifushane, njengaphakathi kwamaseva noma ngaphakathi kwesikhungo sedatha. Ayinalo ibanga.

3. Qhathanisa Amakhono Ebanga

Uma kukhulunywa ngokusebenza kwebanga elide, imodi eyodwa ayinakulinganiswa, isebenzisa ukudluliselwa kwedatha okufika kumamayela angu-62.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-fiber ye-Multimode ingcono ukuyisebenzisa ebangeni eliphansi elingaphansi kwamamitha ayi-1,000, ngakho-ke ilungele ukusetshenziswa kwezindawo eziningi.

4. Hlola Umthamo Wobubanzi Bebhendi

I-core encane ye-fiber yemodi eyodwa yenza ingabi namandla okuthethelela. Ukukhanya kudinga ukujovwa ngokunembile ukuze kufezwe i-bandwidth ekahle kakhulu emabangeni amade.

Nakuba i-fiber ye-multimode inikeza i-bandwidth eningi yezidingo ezimfushane neziphezulu ze-bandwidth, ayinawo amandla ebanga lemodi eyodwa.

5. Hlola Ukucatshangelwa Kwezindleko

Umehluko wezindleko zokukhiqiza ze-FPGA awunakucatshangelwa. Ikhebula lemodi eyodwa elingamamitha ayi-10 eliphakathi kwe-LC ne-LC lingaphezulu ngo-$1 kuphela kune-multimode equivalent, kodwa izingxenye zemodi eyodwa zingabiza kakhulu.

6. Nquma Ukufaneleka Kwesicelo

Uma unezidingo zokuhamba ibanga elide noma ukunemba okuphezulu kakhulu, imodi eyodwa iyindlela okufanele uhambe ngayo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-multimode izosebenza kangcono ezindaweni ezingabizi kakhulu nezikude.

Hlola Izinhlobo Zezixhumi Ze-Fiber Optic

Izixhumi ze-fibre optic zivame ukunganakwa, kodwa zenza indima ebalulekile ekugcineni ukuxhumana okusebenza kahle kakhulu nokuthembekile ngangokunokwenzeka. Uhlobo ngalunye lwesixhumi olungenhla lunezici ezihlukile ezizivumela ukuba zisetshenziswe ngendlela ethile.

Khetha okungcono kakhulu ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zakho zesicelo ezihlukile!

Izixhumi ze-LC: Izici kanye Nokusetshenziswa

I-LC (Lucent Connector) iyaziwa ngobukhulu bayo obuncane ene-ferrule engu-1.25mm. Lobu bukhulu obuncane buyivumela ukuthi ibe inketho enhle yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinabantu abaningi njengezikhungo zedatha, lapho isikhala sibaluleke kakhulu.

Izixhumi ze-LC zisebenza kahle kakhulu futhi zilula. Zibalelwa cishe ku-70% wenani eliphelele lezixhumi ezisetshenziswa ezikhungweni zedatha.

Izixhumi ze-SC: Izici kanye Nokusetshenziswa

Isixhumi se-SC (Subscriber Connector) mhlawumbe saziwa kakhulu ngokulula kwaso kokusebenzisa, sisebenzisa umklamo olula wokucindezela nokudonsa ukuze senze ukuxhumana kube lula futhi kusebenze kahle.

Idizayini yayo ehlukile ye-ferrule engu-2.5mm ayivumeli kuphela ukuqeda ubuningi kodwa futhi ivumela ukudluliswa kwedatha okusheshayo. Ngokuvamile ubungayibona kumanethiwekhi ezokuxhumana kanye nethelevishini yekhebula.

Izixhumi ze-ST: Izici kanye Nokusetshenziswa

Izixhumi ze-ST (Straight Tip) zisebenzisa indlela yokuxhumanisa yesitayela se-bayonet. Lezi zintambo zifanelekela kakhulu izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-fiber yemodi eminingi, ikakhulukazi kumanethiwekhi ekhampasi.

Ukuqina kwazo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo ngokushesha kwenza kube ukukhetha okuvame kakhulu.

Ama-FC Connectors: Izici kanye Nokusetshenziswa

Izixhumi ze-FC (Ferrule Connector) zenzelwe ukuzinza okuphezulu. Ukwakheka kwazo okunezintambo, okunezikulufo kuzisiza ukuthi zichume ezindaweni ezidlidliza kakhulu njengezicelo zezimboni.

Izixhumi ze-MTP/MPO: Izici kanye Nokusetshenziswa

Izixhumi ze-Multi-fiber MTP kanye ne-MPO zifaka imicu eminingi emicu engu-12, 24 noma engu-36. Amandla azo okusekela ubuningi obuphezulu ngesivinini esimangalisayo azenza zibaluleke kakhulu ezikhungweni zedatha kanye namanethiwekhi amakhulu.

Isixhumi sasePoland: I-PC, i-UPC, i-APC

I-Connector polish iyisici esibalulekile ekhwalithini yesignali. I-PC (Physical Contact) polish inciphisa izikhala zomoya, kuyilapho izixhumi ze-UPC (Ultra Physical Contact) zithuthukisa kancane ukulahleka kokukhanya.

I-APC (Ukuthintana Okungokoqobo Okune-Angled) inciphisa ukubonakaliswa kwangemuva ukuze kusetshenziswe kumanethiwekhi anesivinini esikhulu.

Imininingwane Yokusebenza Ebalulekile Okufanele Uyicabangele

Uma ukhetha izintambo ze-fiber optic, ulwazi lwezincazelo zokusebenza ezibalulekile luyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ukuthi unekhebula elifanele uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza nezidingo zakho. Lezi yizincazelo zokusebenza ezibalulekile ezithinta ngqo ukusebenza kahle, ukuthembeka kanye nokukhiqiza izindleko kwenethiwekhi yakho.

Ukuncishiswa: Ukulahlekelwa Kwesignali Ebangeni Elide

Ukuncipha kwamandla yisilinganiso lapho isignali ilahlekelwa amandla njengoba isakazeka ngefayibha. Izintambo ze-fiber optic zinenzuzo yokukwazi ukunciphisa kakhulu lokhu kulahlekelwa uma kuqhathaniswa nezintambo zethusi ezivamile.

Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-fiber optics, u-97% wesignali usekhona ngemva kwamamitha ayi-100 (amamitha angu-328). Uma kuqhathaniswa, ithusi ligcina kuphela u-6% oshaqisayo wesignali ebangeni elifanayo. Lokhu kwenza i-fiber ibe ngcono kakhulu kunethusi ekuthuthweni kwedatha ebangeni elide.

I-Single Mode Fiber (SMF) ayinakuqhathaniswa ngekhono layo lokudlulisa amasignali. Ingadlulisa amasignali omsakazo angaphezu kwamamayela angu-62 (amakhilomitha ayi-100) ngaphandle kokwehla kwekhwalithi.

I-bandwidth: Amandla Okudlulisa Idatha

I-bandwidth iyisilinganiso sokuthi ikhebula lingathwala idatha engakanani nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Imicu ye-singlemode (ububanzi obuyi-core 8.3 noma 9 microns) isetshenziswa kabanzi ekudluliseni ngesivinini esikhulu nebanga elide.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imicu ye-multimode—ene-cores engu-50 no-62.5-micron—ingcono kakhulu kuma-span amafushane. Izintambo ze-OM3 multimode ziyakwazi ukwelula ubude obufika kumamitha angu-300 (984 feet).

Uma kuqhathaniswa, izintambo ze-OM4 zingafinyelela lelo banga ngamafidi angu-1,804 (amamitha angu-550), ngokusekelwe esilinganisweni sedatha.

Ukuhlakazeka: Izici Zokuwohloka Kwesignali

Ukuhlakazeka kwenzeka lapho izimpawu zokukhanya zihlakazeka, okubangela ukulahlekelwa izimpawu zedatha noma ukubambezeleka okwandisiwe. Lo mklamo unciphisa ngempumelelo ukuhlakazeka ngokugcina ukukhanya kuhamba ngendlela encane, egxile.

Lokhu kuvumela ukusebenza okuphezulu kakhulu emabangeni amade.

Ukulahlekelwa Kokubuya: Ukulinganiswa Kokubonakaliswa Kwesignali

Ukulahleka kokubuya kuyisilinganiso sokuthi izimpawu zokukhanya zidluliselwa kahle kangakanani futhi azibonakali emuva. Amanani aphezulu okulahlekelwa kokubuya angcono.

Ngokufakwa kahle kanye nezixhumi, lokhu kungaba yisilinganiso esiphezulu.

Izici Zemvelo Nokukhethwa Kwekhebula

Uma ukhetha izintambo ze-fiber optic, esinye sezici ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele zibhekwe yindawo ezungeze indawo yokufaka izintambo. Njengoba izici zemvelo zithinta ngqo ukusebenza, ukuqina kanye nokuphepha, ukukhetha uhlobo olufanele lwekhebula kubalulekile ekuthembekeni nasekuthembekeni kwesikhathi eside.

Izinto Okucatshangwa Ngazo Ezibanga Lokushisa

Njengoba sizoxoxa ngezansi, ukweqisa kwezinga lokushisa kungabangela izinguquko ezinkulu ekusebenzeni kwekhebula. Ukufakwa kwangaphandle ngokuvamile kusho ukwengeza izintambo ezenzelwe ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa okukhulu kanye nokucindezeleka, ezimweni eziningi -40°F kuya ku-158°F.

Ezindaweni zangaphakathi, njengezikhungo zedatha, izintambo ezijwayelekile zisebenza kahle uma kubhekwa isethingi elawulwa kakhulu. Ezindaweni ezinezindawo ezingalawulwa amazinga okushisa, njengezindawo zokugcina impahla zezimboni, izintambo ezilinganiselwe amazinga okushisa abanzi kufanele zisetshenziswe.

Ukumelana Nomswakama Nokumelana Namanzi

Umswakama ungonakalisa izintambo ze-fiber optic ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezingaphansi komhlaba noma ezingaphandle. Izinto ezivimba amanzi noma izintambo ezigcwele ijeli zilungele lezi zindawo ukuvimbela ukungena kwamanzi.

Izintambo zokungcwaba eziqondile, ezivame ukufakwa amajakethi aqinile, zisetshenziswa kabanzi kulezi zinhlelo zokusebenza. Ezindaweni ezivalekile, amajakethi e-LSZH ayindlela yokukhetha ngenxa yezakhiwo zawo ezivimbela ilangabi kanye nokukhishwa okuncane kwentuthu.

Ukuvikelwa Kwemisebe Ye-UV

Izintambo zangaphandle ezizovezwa elangeni zidinga amajakethi amelana ne-UV ukuvimbela ukuwohloka kwezinto ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngaphandle kwalokhu kuvikelwa, ukukhanya kwe-UV kungalimaza ama-sheath ekhebula, kubangele ukuqhekeka kwendawo futhi kufinyeze impilo yazo kakhulu.

Izintambo ezingamelani ne-UV zivame ukugxivizwa ukuze zisetshenziswe ngaphandle, okunikeza isivikelo emisebeni yelanga.

Ukumelana Nokuchayeka Kwamakhemikhali

Ezindaweni zokukhiqiza, izintambo zingavezwa ezintweni ezifana namafutha noma izinyibilikisi. I-Polyethylene kanye nezinye izigqoko zamakhemikhali zinikeza isivikelo ezindaweni ezibolayo zamakhemikhali.

Lokhu kuzuzisa kakhulu ezindaweni zokukhiqiza ezinkulu noma ezindaweni zokugcina amakhemikhali lapho kunezinto eziningi ezivimbayo ngaphezulu.

Amasu Okuvikela Amagundane

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izilwane zasendle ezifana namagundane zingahlafuna kalula amajakhethi ekhebula, okuholela ekuphazamisekeni kwenethiwekhi okubizayo. Ezindaweni ezinomsebenzi wamagundane, izintambo ezivikelwe zinikeza isivikelo esiqinile ekulimaleni.

Ngokuvamile zifika nezikhali zensimbi ezifakwe kusengaphambili, okwenza zibe yizinto ezifanele kakhulu zokusetshenziswa kwemigwaqo engaphansi komhlaba kanye nezindawo zasemakhaya.

Ukufakwa Nokulungiswa Kwezindlela Ezinhle Kakhulu Zokusebenza

Uma kukhulunywa ngekhebula le-fiber optic, ukufakwa nokugcinwa kahle kusiza ekutholeni ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu ngenkathi kwandisa impilo yesistimu yakho. Ukuphathwa kahle, ukuqeda, ukuhlanza, kanye nokuhlolwa kokuxhumeka ngakunye kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokuxhumana okuthembekile.

Ukuphathwa Kwekhebula Nokugoba Irediyasi

Ngenhlanhla, izintambo ze-fiber optic ziqinile njengoba zibuthakathaka, kodwa ukuphathwa kabi kungaholela ekuqhekekeni okuncane noma ekulahlekelweni ngokuphelele kwesiginali. Qiniseka ukuthi ulandela iziqondiso zomkhiqizi zerediyasi encane yokugoba, njengoba ukugoba ukudlula leli phuzu kungase kuphule imicu yangaphakathi.

Izintambo zokudonsa ezinjengomnsalo, njenge-GJYXFCH kanye ne-GJXFH, zisetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakhiweni kwezinhlelo zangaphakathi kanye nokufakwa kwangaphandle. Zinikeza ukuguquguquka okukhulu ngamandla onke esakhiwo esingaphezulu.

Uma ubeka imisele engaphansi komhlaba, khuthaza ukumboza izintambo okungenani ngamafidi angu-3.3 kuya kwangu-4. Lokhu kujula kwenzelwe ukuvikela eqhweni nakwamanye amandla esimweni sezulu esibandayo. Izintambo zasemoyeni, njenge-GYTC8A, zisebenza kahle ekufakweni okungaphezulu kwezigxobo zikagesi ngokuphephile, zinikeza ukuqina endaweni evulekile.

Amasu Okuqeda Afanele

Ukuqeda kahle izintambo ze-fiber optic kugwema izinkinga zokunciphisa isignali futhi kunikeza uxhumano oluthembekile. Khetha izixhumi zekhwalithi namathuluzi aklanyelwe uhlobo lwekhebula oyisebenzisayo.

Isibonelo, izintambo zamashubhu ezikhululekile ezivaleleke njenge-GYFTA53 zaziwa kakhulu ngokuqina kwazo nokuqina kwazo. Uma nje zixhunywe kahle, ukuxhumana okuphephile kunciphisa kakhulu amathuba okuwohloka kwesiginali.

Ukulahlekelwa okunjalo nge-fiber optics akunakwa, kungu-3% kuphela ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-328, kuyilapho ngezintambo zethusi ukulahlekelwa kungu-94%.

Izinqubo Zokuhlanza Nokuhlola

Uthuli kanye nezinye izinsalela kungathinta ikhwalithi yesiginali. Sebenzisa ama-wipes angena-lint kanye ne-isopropyl alcohol ukuqinisekisa ukuhlanzeka kwezixhumi ngaphambi kokufakwa.

Ngokuhlolwa okuvamile kusetshenziswa i-fiber scope, noma yikuphi ukungcola noma umonakalo kungatholakala isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke ukwehluleka, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza okungaphazanyiswa.

Izindlela Zokuhlola Nokuxazulula Izinkinga

Yenza izivivinyo ze-OTDR ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amaphutha angatholakala ngokunembile ngaphambi kokufakwa. Amathuluzi okuxazulula izinkinga akhethekile, njengemitha yamandla, angaqinisekisa amandla esignali, aqinisekise ukulahlekelwa okuncane ngesikhathi sokudluliselwa.

Le ndlela yokubhekana nesimo esiphuthumayo isindisa isikhathi, inciphisa ukucindezeleka, futhi ivimbele ukulungiswa okubizayo.

Izindinganiso Zemboni kanye Nezitifiketi

Uma uthenga izintambo ze-fiber optic, izindinganiso zemboni kanye nezitifiketi kungaba yiziqondiso eziwusizo okufanele uzilandele ukuze kunqunywe ikhwalithi, ukuhambisana, kanye nezidingo zokuphepha. Iziqondiso zabo eziqinile kanye nezindinganiso zinikeza izilinganiso ezibalulekile zokuhlola ukuthembeka, ukusebenza, kanye nekhwalithi yezintambo. Lokhu kuzenza zibe ezibalulekile kunoma yimuphi uchwepheshe noma inhlangano.

Ukubuka Konke Kwamazinga e-TIA/EIA

I-Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) kanye ne-Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA) basungule amazinga ayisisekelo ezintambo ze-fiber optic. Lezi zindinganiso zemboni zinikeza imininingwane eningiliziwe yezinhlobo zezintambo, izindlela zokufaka, kanye nezidingo zokusebenza.

Isibonelo, indinganiso ye-Telecommunications Industry Association/Electronic Industries Alliance TIA/EIA-568, eyamukelwa ku-ANSI, ivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zezintambo ezihlelekile. Le ndinganiso iqinisekisa ukufana nokubikezela ekwakhiweni nasekufakweni. Ukuhlangabezana nalezi zindinganiso kusiza ukuqinisekisa izinga eliphezulu lokuhambisana kuwo wonke amadivayisi futhi kunciphisa amathuba ezinkinga ezinkulu zesistimu.

Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi lapho usebenza kuzo zonke izinhlobo noma lapho wethula izintambo ezintsha engqalasizinda esivele isikhona.

Imithethonqubo Yokuthobela Nokuphepha

Imithetho yokuphepha nokuthobela imithetho ihlanganisa izinto ezisetshenziswayo kanye nenqubo yokwakha izintambo ze-fiber optic. Izintambo ezisetshenziswa ekufakweni kwangaphakathi kudingeka zihambisane nezindinganiso ezifanele zokumelana nomlilo.

E-US, kudingeka bahlangabezane nezilinganiso ze-NEC (National Electrical Code) zokukhishwa kwentuthu. Lokhu kwandisa ukuphepha ezimweni eziyingozi ezikhona ezindaweni ezivalekile. Ukumelana ne-UV kanye nokuvimbela amanzi kuyadingeka ngempela ezintanjeni zangaphandle, okuvikela intambo ezicini ezahlukahlukene zemvelo.

Ukulandela le mithetho kubalulekile ekuvikeleni abasebenzisi kanye nengqalasizinda ngokufanayo futhi ngakho-ke akufanele kuxoxwe ngakho, ngisho noma kuphrojekthi epholile kakhulu.

Ukubaluleka Kokuhlolwa Kwabanye Abantu

Ukuhlolwa kwethu okuvela eceleni kuqinisekisa ukuthi izintambo zethu ze-fiber optic azigcini nje ngokuhlangabezana, kodwa futhi zidlula amazinga embonini.

Izinhlangano ezine-Fiber Optic Association (FOA) ziyadingeka ukusiza ekukhuthazeni le ndima. Izitifiketi ze-FOA ezithuthukiswe ochwepheshe abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20 yesipiliyoni ziyindinganiso yegolide.

Yamukelwa kabanzi

Ngaphezu kwama-90% embonini ayamukela izitifiketi ezifana ne-CFOT kanye ne-CFOS, eziqukethe izivivinyo ezibhaliwe nezisebenzayo. Konke lokhu kunezela ochwepheshe abaqinisekisiwe ngaphansi kohlelo abanikeza imiphumela ethembekile nehambisanayo.

Ukuqinisekisa Ikusasa Lokutshalwa Kwezimali Kwakho Kwefayibha

Ukuvikela ikusasa lakho nge-fiber kumayelana nokuthembeka nokusebenza kwesikhathi eside. Ngokucabanga ngokukhula nezidingo zesikhathi esizayo ngesikhathi sokuhlela, ungagwema ukutshalwa kabusha okuphazamisayo nokubizayo kanye nesikhathi esilahlekile ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kokuxhumana okubalulekile okusheshayo.

Ngohlelo oluphelele olukhona, ungakhetha ngokuthembekile izintambo ezikwazi ukuhambisana nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe besikhathi esizayo kanye nokwandisa izidingo ze-bandwidth.

Ukwanda Kwezidingo Zesikhathi Esizayo

Uma ukhetha izintambo ze-fiber optic, ukukhuliswa kufanele kube yinto eza kuqala kuwe. Amanethiwekhi anabantu abaningi kanye nezidingo zedatha ezikhulayo zidinga izintambo ezingasiza ekukhuleni ngenkathi kususwa isidingo sokufakwa esikhundleni okuqhubekayo.

Isibonelo, ukusebenzisa i-wavelength multiplexing esikhundleni sokwengeza imicu kuvumela amazinga aphezulu okudlulisa afana ne-40G noma i-100G phezu kwezintambo ezikhona, okusindisa isikhathi kanye nezindleko. Ezinye izindlela, njenge-OM5 wideband multimode fiber (WBMMF), zandisa kakhulu isikali.

Zivumela ubuchwepheshe obufana ne-SWDM4 futhi ziyahambisana ne-OM3 kanye ne-OM4 duplex MMF ekhona. Khetha izintambo ezithatha isikhala esincane ngezixhumi ezincane, njengesixhumi se-Corning/Senko CS. Lesi sinqumo esikhethekile sivikela isikhala esizayo samanethiwekhi aminyene asebenza ku-200G noma ku-400G.

Thuthukisa Izindlela Nokuhambisana

Ukuvikela esikhathini esizayo kuhlanganisa ukushiya isikhala sezindlela zokuthuthukisa nokuqinisekisa ukusebenzisana. Imicu ye-singlemode kanye ne-multimode inezinhloso ezahlukene. Ububanzi be-core kanye nemininingwane ye-cladding kubaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwayo.

Ukukhetha uhlobo olufanele kuqinisekisa ukuhambisana okuhle kanye nokuxhumana namadivayisi amanje nawesikhathi esizayo. Ukuqeda kahle akuyona nje inqubo enhle yekhebula, kodwa kuyisihluthulelo sempumelelo yohlelo.

Eqinisweni, ukuqedwa kabi kuyimbangela cishe yama-40% okufakwa, okuholela ekungasebenzi kahle kwenethiwekhi okubizayo kanye nokulungiswa kabusha.

Ubuchwepheshe Obusha kanye Nezindlela Ezithandwayo

Ukuhlala phambili kusho ukucabangela ubuchwepheshe obusha. Ukufinyelela amakhono okukhiqiza athuthukile, njengemigqa yokukhiqiza engu-13 enikeza imiphumela ehamba phambili embonini, kuqinisekisa ikhwalithi kanye nokutholakala kwamanethiwekhi akhula ngokushesha.

Ukuhlala unolwazi ngezitayela ezifana ne-WBMMF kanye nokushintsha imiklamo yezixhumi kusiza ekuqinisekiseni ukutshalwa kwezimali kwakho esikhathini esizayo.

Isiphetho

Ikhebula le-fiber optic elifanele lizosiza kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kahle kanye nokuthembeka. Thola ukuthi yini ebaluleke kakhulu kuwe Into yokuqala kuqala—thola ukuthi yiziphi izinto eziza kuqala kuwe. Ngokusebenzisa le ndlela, uyakwazi ukukhetha ikhambi elifanelana kahle nezinhloso zakho. Izinto okufanele uzicabangele Izintambo ze-fiber optic—ezisikiwe, ezimelana nomswakama kanye nezinambuzane—azithinteki yizinto zangaphandle, isivinini siyisihluthulelo sokutshalwa kwezimali kwengqalasizinda yesikhathi eside.

Ungasheshi inqubo, zinike isikhathi sokucabangela izidingo zakho ezihlukile bese ukhetha ikhebula elifanele kakhulu, kanye nemikhuba efanele yokufaka. Ukuhlela okuncane ekuqaleni kuzokusiza ugweme ukuchitha isikhathi nemali kamuva. Uma ufuna ukuthenga ikhebula le-fiber optic dlulela ngale komhlahlandlela wethu bese uthola abaphakeli abagunyaziwe nabahloniphekile noma ukhulume nochwepheshe abangochwepheshe kuzo. I-Fiber optics ikusiza ukuthi uhlale uxhumekile namuhla ngenkathi ivula umnyango walokho okungenzeka kusasa.

imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

Yiziphi izinzuzo zokusebenzisa izintambo ze-fiber optic kunezintambo zendabuko?

Izintambo ze-fibre optic zinikeza isivinini, i-bandwidth, kanye nokuthembeka okudlula kakhulu lezo ezitholakala ezintanjeni zethusi. Azivikelwe yi-EMI futhi ziyakwazi ukuletha idatha kuma-bandwidth aphezulu ebangeni elikhulu ngaphandle kokuwohloka. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi zifaneleke kahle kumanethiwekhi anamuhla asebenza kahle kakhulu.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwezintambo ze-fiber optic ze-single-mode kanye ne-multimode?

Izintambo zemodi eyodwa, ezinama-cores azo amancane kakhulu, zingcono kakhulu ekudlulisweni kwedatha ibanga elide. Ngokuphambene nalokho, izintambo zemodi eziningi zilungele amabanga amafushane ngenxa yomgogodla wazo omkhulu. I-fiber yemodi eyodwa ingcono kakhulu ekuxhumaneni kwebanga elide, kanti i-fiber yemodi eziningi ivame ukusetshenziswa kumanethiwekhi endawo (ama-LAN).

Yiziphi izinto okufanele ngizicabangele lapho ngikhetha izintambo ze-fiber optic?

Ezinye zezimfuneko ezinkulu yi-bandwidth, ibanga lokudlulisa, indawo ezungezile, kanye nezinhlobo zezixhumi. Njengesinyathelo sokuqapha, zama njalo ukukhetha uhlobo lwekhebula olufanele kakhulu izidingo zenethiwekhi yakho ukuze usebenze kahle futhi uhlale isikhathi eside.

Izimo zemvelo zithinta kanjani ukukhethwa kwekhebula?

Izici zemvelo ezifana nokushisa, umswakama kanye nokuchayeka ku-UV kungaba nemiphumela emibi ezintanjeni ze-fiber optic. Uma usebenzisa ngaphandle, khetha izintambo ezinezembozo ezengeziwe zokuvikela noma ukuvimbela amanzi ukuze uvikele ezintweni ukuze usebenze kahle.

Yiziphi izixhumi ze-fiber optic ezivame kakhulu?

Izinhlobo ezivamile zifaka phakathi izixhumi ze-LC, SC, ST, kanye ne-MTP/MPO. Isinqumo sakho sizosuselwa ekwakhiweni kwenethiwekhi yakho nokuthi yini ehambisana nemishini yakho yenethiwekhi. Izixhumi ze-LC zisetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlelweni zokonga isikhala, kuyilapho izixhumi ze-SC zaziwa ngokuqina kwazo.

Yiziphi izici zokusebenza ezibalulekile okufanele uzibheke?

Cabanga ngezimfanelo ezifana nobubanzi obuyinhloko, isilinganiso sokunciphisa, umthamo we-bandwidth, kanye nebanga eliphezulu lokudlulisela. Lezi zincazelo zithinta ngqo ukusebenza kokudlulisa idatha yekhebula kanye nekhono lokufeza izidingo zenethiwekhi yakho kangcono.

Ngingakuvikela kanjani ukutshalwa kwezimali kwami ​​​​kwe-fiber optic esikhathini esizayo?

Khetha izintambo eziqinile ezingahlangabezana futhi zidlule kokubili izidingo ze-bandwidth zamanje nezesikhathi esizayo. Khetha izinketho ezingakhuliswa, njengezintambo ze-fiber optic ezinomthamo omkhulu. Qinisekisa ukuthi ziyahlangabezana noma zidlula amazinga amukelekile embonini ukuze zivikeleke esikhathini esizayo njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokukhula.