Kusankha kumanja chingwe chakunja cha fiber optic chokhala ndi zida ndikofunikira kwambiri popanga netiweki yodalirika, yokhalitsa, komanso yogwira ntchito bwino kwambiri. Kaya mukugwiritsa ntchito ulusi wa ma telecommunication, FTTH, malo osungira deta, malo opangira mafakitale, kapena machitidwe achitetezo, kusankha chingwe cholakwika kungayambitse kukonza kokwera mtengo, kutseka kwa netiweki, komanso kulephera kwa chingwe msanga.

Malo akunja amaika zingwe za fiber optic ku chinyezi, kuwala kwa UV, makoswe, kusinthasintha kwa kutentha, mphamvu zophwanyidwa, ndi kupsinjika kwa makina. Zingwe za fiber optic zotetezedwa zimapangidwa mwapadera kuti zipirire zovuta izi pamene zikuteteza ulusi wa kuwala mkati.

Buku lofotokozera bwino ili likufotokoza zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa musanagule chingwe cha fiber optic chakunja chotetezedwa ndi zida, kuphatikiza kapangidwe ka chingwe, zida zotetezera, njira zoyikira, mitundu ya ulusi, zochitika zogwiritsira ntchito, ndi njira zosankhira.

Kodi Chingwe Chopangidwa ndi Zida Zakunja Chokhala ndi Zida Zankhondo N'chiyani?

Chingwe choteteza chakunja cha fiber optic ndi chingwe chowunikira chokhala ndi zitsulo zoteteza kapena zoteteza zopanda chitsulo zomwe zimateteza ulusi wamkati wa kuwala ku kuwonongeka kwa makina akunja.

Poyerekeza ndi zingwe zodziwika bwino za fiber optic zakunja, zingwe zotetezedwa zimakhala ndi kukana kwakukulu kwa:

• Kuukira kwa makoswe
• Kupanikizika kophwanya
• Kuwonongeka kwa zotsatira
• Kupsinjika kwamphamvu
• Chinyezi
• Kudzimbiritsa
• Zoopsa zoyika pansi pa nthaka

Zingwe zimenezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pamene pakufunika chitetezo chamakina chowonjezera.

Kapangidwe ka Chingwe Cholumikizira Chakunja cha Fiber Optic Chokhala ndi Zida

Chingwe chodziwika bwino cha fiber optic chakunja chokhala ndi zida chimakhala ndi zigawo zingapo zoteteza.

1. Ulusi Wowala

Cholumikizira chotumizira.

Mitundu yodziwika bwino ya ulusi ndi iyi:

• G.652.D
• G.657.A1
• G.657.A2
• OM3
• OM4
• OM5

2. Chubu Chotayirira

Ulusiwu umayikidwa mkati mwa machubu otayirira a PBT odzazidwa ndi gel yotchinga madzi kapena ulusi wouma wotchinga madzi.

Ntchito:

• Chitetezo cha ulusi
• Kukana chinyezi
• Kudzipatula ku nkhawa

3. Membala wa Central Strength

Kawirikawiri amapangidwa kuchokera ku:

• FRP (Pulasitiki Yolimbikitsidwa ndi Ulusi)
• Waya wachitsulo

Amapereka mphamvu yokoka panthawi yoyika.

4. Gawo Lotsekereza Madzi

Zimaletsa kulowa kwa madzi pogwiritsa ntchito:

• Ulusi wotchinga madzi
• Tepi yotupa madzi
• Jeli wodzaza

5. Chida Chankhondo

Chida choteteza chofunika kwambiri.

Zipangizo zodziwika bwino ndi izi:

Chida cha Tape chachitsulo (STA)

Ubwino:

• Kukana kwabwino kwambiri
• Yotsika mtengo
• Zabwino kwambiri poika maliro mwachindunji

Mapulogalamu:

• Maukonde apansi panthaka
• Mapulojekiti a ntchito zothandiza anthu
• Kutumiza kwakutali

Tepi Yachitsulo Yopangidwa ndi Zitsulo

Amapereka:

• Kusinthasintha kwabwino
• Chitetezo champhamvu pa kugunda
• Chotchinga cha chinyezi

Zida Zachitsulo Zachitsulo (SWA)

Ubwino:

• Mphamvu yokoka kwambiri
• Chitetezo chabwino kwambiri cha makina

Mapulogalamu:

• Malo a miyala
• Malo olemera a mafakitale

Zida Zopangira Matepi a Aluminium (ATA)

Ubwino:

• Wopepuka
• Kusagwira dzimbiri
• Kuteteza kwa maginito

Mapulogalamu:

• Ma network a msana wolumikizirana

Zida Zosakhala Zachitsulo

Yopangidwa kuchokera ku:

• Ulusi wa Aramid
• Ulusi wagalasi

Ubwino:

• Wopepuka
• Sizoyendetsa mpweya
• Yoyenera malo omwe mphezi imatha kuwawononga

6. Jekete lakunja

Kawirikawiri amapangidwa kuchokera ku:

• PE (Polyethylene)
• LSZH
• HDPE

Ntchito:

• Kukana kwa UV
• Kuteteza madzi
• Chitetezo cha nyengo
• Kukana mankhwala

Mitundu ya Zingwe Zogwiritsa Ntchito Zida Zakunja za Fiber Optic

Chingwe Chotetezedwa Mwachindunji

Yapangidwira kuyikidwa mwachindunji m'nthaka yopanda ngalande.

Makhalidwe:

• Chida cha tepi chachitsulo
• Jekete la PE lolemera
• Chitetezo cha chinyezi
• Moyo wautali wautumiki

Zabwino kwambiri pa:

• Ogwira ntchito pa telefoni
• Mapulojekiti a boma
• Maukonde a pasukulu

Chingwe Chokhala ndi Zida

Yaikidwa mkati mwa mipope ya pansi pa nthaka.

Ubwino:

• Kusintha kosavuta
• Kupsinjika kwa makina otsika
• Kukana chinyezi bwino

Chingwe Chokhala ndi Zida Zam'mlengalenga

Yoyikidwa pa mitengo yogwiritsira ntchito.

Mawonekedwe:

• Zida zopepuka
• Mphamvu yayikulu yokoka
• Jekete losagwira UV

Kawirikawiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi waya wa messenger kapena nyumba zodzichirikiza zokha.

Chingwe cha Ulusi Wosagonjetsedwa ndi Makoswe

Zida zapadera zimateteza ku:

• Makoswe
• Agologolo
• Mbewa
• Zinyama zina zobisala m'mabowo

Yabwino kwambiri pa:

• Mafamu
• Nyumba zosungiramo katundu
• Zomera za mafakitale

Chingwe cha Ulusi Wachiwiri Wokhala ndi Zida

Lili ndi zigawo ziwiri zodzitetezera.

Mapulogalamu:

• Migodi
• Mafuta ndi gasi
• Kulankhulana kwa asilikali
• Malo ovuta kwambiri m'mafakitale

Kusankha Chiwerengero cha Ulusi

Kuchuluka kwa ulusi woyenera kumadalira zomwe zikufunikira pakali pano komanso kukula kwamtsogolo.

Kugwiritsa ntchito	Chiwerengero Chovomerezeka cha Ulusi
CCTV	Ulusi 2–12
Kugawa kwa FTTH	12–48 Ulusi
Maukonde a Makampani	Ulusi 24–96
Telecom Backbone	96–288 Ulusi
Malo Osungira Deta	144–864 Ulusi

Kukonzekera ulusi wowonjezera kumachepetsa ndalama zosinthira mtsogolo.

Kusankha Mtundu Wabwino wa Ulusi

G.652.D

Zabwino kwambiri pa:

• Kulankhulana kwakutali
• Ma network a msana
• Kutumiza kwa anthu onse panja

Ubwino:

• Kuchepetsa pang'ono
• Kugwirizana bwino kwambiri
• Yotsika mtengo

G.657.A1

Akulimbikitsidwa pa:

• Maukonde olowera
• FTTH
• Malo opindika pang'ono

Ubwino:

• Kukana bwino kupindika
• Yogwirizana ndi G.652.D

G.657.A2

Yabwino kwambiri pa:

• Kukhazikitsa kolimba
• Kusintha kwa mkati/kunja
• Malo ang'onoang'ono olumikizira chingwe

Imapereka magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri opindika.

OM3 / OM4

Yoyenera:

• Malo osungira deta
• Ma LAN a pasukulu
• Kutumiza kwachangu kwambiri kwa mtunda waufupi

Buku Lotsogolera Malo Okhazikitsa

Kukhazikitsa Pansi pa Dziko

Chingwe chovomerezeka:

• Chingwe cholimba cha tepi yachitsulo

Zinthu zofunika:

• Chosalowa madzi
• Kukana kuphwanya
• Kusagonjetsedwa ndi makoswe

Zomera Zamakampani

Chingwe chovomerezeka:

• Chingwe chokhala ndi zida ziwiri

Zofunikira:

• Kukana mankhwala
• Kukana mafuta
• Kulimba kwa makina

Kulankhulana kwa Njanji

Chingwe chovomerezeka:

• Chingwe cholimba chachitsulo chopangidwa ndi dzimbiri

Zosowa:

• Kukana kugwedezeka
• Moyo wautali

Maukonde Othandizira

Chingwe chovomerezeka:

• Chingwe cholimba cha waya chachitsulo

Ubwino:

• Mphamvu yayikulu yokoka
• Kulimba kwabwino kwambiri panja

Madera a M'mphepete mwa Nyanja

Sankhani mawaya okhala ndi:

• Zida zoteteza dzimbiri
• Jekete la PE losagonjetsedwa ndi UV
• Kapangidwe kosalowa madzi

Zinthu Zofunika Kuziganizira Musanagule

Unikani zotsatirazi musanasankhe chingwe:

• Njira yokhazikitsira
• Kuchuluka kwa ulusi
• Mtunda wotumizira
• Bandwidth yofunikira
• Mulingo woteteza makina
• Chitetezo cha makoswe
• Kukana madzi
• Kukana kwa UV
• Kutentha kogwira ntchito
• Miyezo yokhazikitsira m'deralo
• Kukula kwa netiweki mtsogolo
• Bajeti

Ma Model Achilendo Okhala ndi Zida Zakunja

Mitundu yotchuka ndi iyi:

Chitsanzo cha Chingwe	Ntchito Yachizolowezi
NDI	Kukhazikitsa njira zolumikizirana
GYTS	Kuikidwa m'manda mwachindunji
GYTA53	Kuika maliro mwachindunji molimbika kwambiri
GYTS53	Mtunda wautali pansi pa nthaka
PAMODZI	Netiweki yolowera
ADSS	Kukhazikitsa kwa mlengalenga
OPGW	Mizere yotumizira mphamvu

Ubwino wa Chingwe cha Optical cha Armored Outdoor Fiber

Kusankha chingwe chotetezedwa kumapereka maubwino angapo:

• Chitetezo chapamwamba cha makina
• Moyo wautali wautumiki
• Kuchepetsa ndalama zokonzera
• Kudalirika kwabwino kwa netiweki
• Kulimbana ndi makoswe kwambiri
• Chitetezo cha chinyezi chawonjezeka
• Kulimba kwabwino kwa chilengedwe
• Mtengo wotsika wa umwini wonse

Zolakwa Zofala Posankha Zingwe za Ulusi Wakunja

Pewani zolakwika izi zofala:

• Kusankha ulusi wochepa kwambiri kuti ukule mtsogolo
• Kunyalanyaza chitetezo cha makoswe m'malo akumidzi
• Kusankha chingwe chovomerezeka chamkati kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito panja
• Kuyang'ana zofunikira za bend radius
• Kusankha nsalu yolakwika ya jekete
• Kungoyang'ana pa mtengo woyamba wogulira m'malo mwa mtengo wa moyo wonse
• Kunyalanyaza miyezo ya m'deralo ndi zofunikira pakukhazikitsa

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri (Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri)

Kodi chingwe chotetezedwa ndi fiber optic sichilowa madzi?

Inde. Zingwe zambiri zakunja zotetezedwa ndi fiber optic zimakhala ndi zinthu zotchingira madzi ndi jekete lakunja la polyethylene kuti zisalowe chinyezi.

Kodi chingwe choteteza fiber optic chikhoza kubisika mwachindunji?

Inde. Ma model monga GYTS ndi GYTA53 amapangidwira makamaka kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito poika maliro mwachindunji.

Kodi zida zankhondo zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito a optical?

Ayi. Chida choteteza chimateteza chingwecho popanda kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito a magiya owonera.

Ndi chitetezo chiti chomwe chimapereka chitetezo chabwino kwambiri cha makoswe?

Tepi yachitsulo yokhala ndi dzimbiri komanso zida zachitsulo zimapereka chitetezo champhamvu kwambiri ku kuwonongeka kwa makoswe.

Kodi chingwe cha fiber optic chakunja chokhala ndi zida chimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Zingwe za fiber optic zakunja zokhala ndi chitetezo chapamwamba kwambiri zikayikidwa bwino komanso kusamalidwa bwino nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi moyo wautumiki wa zaka 25-30 kapena kuposerapo.

Mapeto

Kusankha chingwe choyenera cha fiber optic chakunja ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakutsimikizira kuti pali netiweki yodalirika komanso yokonzeka mtsogolo. Ganizirani malo oyikamo, kuchuluka kwa fiber komwe kumafunika, chitetezo cha makina, momwe chilengedwe chilili, ndi mapulani okukulitsa kwa nthawi yayitali musanapange chisankho. Kaya polojekiti yanu ikuphatikizapo kuyika mwachindunji, kukhazikitsa njira zolumikizirana, kuyika mumlengalenga, kapena momwe mafakitale alili ovuta, kufananiza kapangidwe ka chingwe ndi ntchitoyo kudzakulitsa magwiridwe antchito, kuchepetsa kukonza, ndikuwonjezera nthawi ya zomangamanga zanu za fiber.

Mwa kuyika ndalama mu chingwe choyenera cha fiber optic chakunja masiku ano, ogwiritsa ntchito ma netiweki amatha kupeza ndalama zochepa zogwirira ntchito, kudalirika kwambiri, komanso chitetezo champhamvu ku zovuta zovuta zoyika panja.