Ukukhetha kwesokudla ikhebula le-fiber optic langaphandle elivikelwe kubalulekile ekwakheni inethiwekhi ye-optical ethembekile, ehlala isikhathi eside, futhi esebenza kahle kakhulu. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebenzisa i-fiber yezokuxhumana, i-FTTH, izikhungo zedatha, izikhungo zezimboni, noma izinhlelo zokuphepha, ukukhetha ikhebula elingalungile kungaholela ekunakekelweni okubizayo, ukungasebenzi kwenethiwekhi, kanye nokwehluleka kwekhebula ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Izindawo zangaphandle ziveza izintambo ze-fiber optic kumswakama, emisebeni ye-UV, ezigundwini, ekushintsheni kwezinga lokushisa, emandleni okuchoboza, kanye nokucindezeleka komshini. Izintambo ze-fiber optic ezivikelwe zenzelwe ngqo ukumelana nalezi zimo ezinzima ngenkathi zivikela izintambo ze-optical ngaphakathi.

Lo mhlahlandlela ophelele uchaza konke okudingeka ukwazi ngaphambi kokuthenga ikhebula le-fiber optic langaphandle elivikelwe, okuhlanganisa izakhiwo zekhebula, izinto zempi, izindlela zokufaka, izinhlobo zefayibha, izimo zokusetshenziswa, kanye nezindlela zokukhetha.

Iyini Ikhebula Le-Fiber Optic Langaphandle Elihlomile?

Ikhebula le-fiber optic langaphandle elivikelwe yi-armored cable elihlonyiswe ngesendlalelo se-armor sensimbi esivikelayo noma esingeyona insimbi esivikela imicu ye-optical yangaphakathi ekulimaleni kwangaphandle kwemishini.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezintambo ze-fiber optic zangaphandle ezijwayelekile, izintambo ezivikelwe zinikeza ukumelana okuphezulu kakhulu ku:

• Ukuhlaselwa kwegundane
• Ingcindezi yokuchoboza
• Umonakalo womthelela
• Ukucindezeleka kokuqina
• Umswakama
• Ukugqwala
• Izingozi zokufakwa ngaphansi komhlaba

Lezi zintambo zivame ukusetshenziswa lapho kudingeka khona ukuvikelwa okwengeziwe kwemishini.

Ukwakheka Kwekhebula Le-Fiber Optic Langaphandle Elihlomile

Ikhebula elijwayelekile le-fiber optic elingaphandle elivikelwe liqukethe izendlalelo eziningana ezivikelayo.

1. Imicu Yokukhanya

Indawo yokudlulisela.

Izinhlobo ezivamile zefayibha zifaka:

• G.652.D
• G.657.A1
• G.657.A2
• OM3
• OM4
• OM5

2. Ipayipi Elikhululekile

Imicu igcinwe ngaphakathi kwamapayipi akhululekile e-PBT agcwele ijeli evimba amanzi noma intambo eyomile evimba amanzi.

Imisebenzi:

• Ukuvikelwa kwefayibha
• Ukumelana nomswakama
• Ukuzihlukanisa nokucindezeleka

3. Ilungu Le-Central Strength

Ngokuvamile kwenziwa nge:

• I-FRP (Ipulasitiki Eqinisiwe Yefayibha)
• Ucingo lwensimbi

Inikeza amandla okunamathela ngesikhathi sokufakwa.

4. Isendlalelo Sokuvimba Amanzi

Kuvimbela ukungena kwamanzi kusetshenziswa:

• Intambo evimba amanzi
• Itheyiphu evuvukala ngamanzi
• Ijeli yokugcwalisa

5. Isendlalelo Sezikhali

Isendlalelo esivikelayo esibaluleke kakhulu.

Izinto ezivamile zifaka:

Izembatho Zetheyiphu Yensimbi (STA)

Izinzuzo:

• Ukumelana okuhle kakhulu kokuchotshozwa
• Kuqiza kahle
• Kuhle kakhulu ekungcwabeni ngqo

Izicelo:

• Amanethiwekhi angaphansi komhlaba
• Amaphrojekthi ezinsizakalo
• Ukudluliselwa kwebanga elide

Itheyiphu Yensimbi Ehlanganisiwe

Ihlinzeka:

• Ukuguquguquka okungcono
• Ukuvikelwa okunamandla komthelela
• Isithiyo somswakama

Izikhali Zensimbi Zensimbi (i-SWA)

Izinzuzo:

• Amandla aphezulu kakhulu okujiya
• Ukuvikelwa okuhle kakhulu kwemishini

Izicelo:

• Indawo enamadwala
• Izindawo zezimboni ezisindayo

I-Aluminium Tape Armor (ATA)

Izinzuzo:

• Ilula
• Ukumelana nokugqwala
• Ukuvikela nge-electromagnetic

Izicelo:

• Amanethiwekhi omgogodla wokuxhumana

Izikhali Ezingezona Ezensimbi

Kwenziwe kusukela ku:

• Intambo ye-Aramid
• Intambo yengilazi

Izinzuzo:

• Ilula
• Akudingi ukuhanjiswa kwegesi
• Ifanele izindawo ezivame ukuba nombani

6. Ijazi Langaphandle

Ngokuvamile kwenziwa nge:

• I-PE (i-Polyethylene)
• I-LSZH
• I-HDPE

Imisebenzi:

• Ukumelana ne-UV
• Ukuvimbela amanzi
• Ukuvikelwa kwesimo sezulu
• Ukumelana namakhemikhali

Izinhlobo Zezintambo Ze-Fiber Optic Zangaphandle Ezihlomile

Ikhebula Elihlonyiswe Ngokuqondile

Yakhelwe ukufakwa ngqo enhlabathini ngaphandle komsele.

Izici:

• Izembatho zensimbi zeteyipu
• Ijakethi ye-PE enzima
• Ukuvikelwa komswakama
• Impilo yenkonzo ende

Kuhle kakhulu ku:

• Abaqhubi bezokuxhumana
• Amaphrojekthi kamasipala
• Amanethiwekhi ekhampasi

Ikhebula Elihlomile Lomsele

Kufakwe ngaphakathi kwemisele engaphansi komhlaba.

Izinzuzo:

• Ukushintshwa okulula
• Ukucindezeleka okuphansi kwemishini
• Ukumelana okuhle nomswakama

Ikhebula Elihlonyiswe Ngezindiza

Kufakwe ezigxotsheni zikagesi.

Izici:

• Izembatho zempi ezilula
• Amandla aphezulu okudonsa
• Ijakethi engamelani ne-UV

Ngokuvamile kuhlanganiswa nocingo lwe-messenger noma izakhiwo ezizisekelayo.

Ikhebula Le-Fiber Elimelana Nezimpuku

Izembatho ezikhethekile zivikela ku:

• Amagundane
• Ama-Squirrel
• Amagundane
• Ezinye izilwane ezimba imigodi

Kuhle kakhulu ku:

• Amapulazi
• Izindawo zokugcina impahla
• Izitshalo zezimboni

Ikhebula Le-Fiber Elihlonyiswe Kabili

Iqukethe izendlalelo ezimbili zempi zokuzivikela.

Izicelo:

• Ukumba
• Uwoyela negesi
• Ukuxhumana kwezempi
• Izindawo zezimboni ezinzima

Ukukhethwa Kwenani Le-Fiber

Inani elifanele le-fiber lincike ezidingweni zamanje kanye nokwanda kwesikhathi esizayo.

Isicelo	Inani Le-Fiber Elinconywayo
I-CCTV	2–12 Imicu
Ukusatshalaliswa kwe-FTTH	12–48 Ama-Fiber
Amanethiwekhi Ebhizinisi	24–96 Imicu
I-Telecom Backbone	96–288 Ama-Fiber
Izikhungo Zedatha	144–864 Ama-Fiber

Ukuhlela imicu eyengeziwe yokusekela kunciphisa izindleko zokuthuthukisa zesikhathi esizayo.

Ukukhetha Uhlobo Olufanele Lwefayibha

G.652.D

Kuhle kakhulu ku:

• Ukuxhumana okude
• Amanethiwekhi e-backbone
• Ukuthunyelwa okuvamile kwangaphandle

Izinzuzo:

• Ukuncishiswa okuphansi
• Ukuhambisana okuhle kakhulu
• Kuqiza kahle

G.657.A1

Kunconyelwe:

• Amanethiwekhi okufinyelela
• I-FTTH
• Izindawo ezigobile eziphakathi nendawo

Izinzuzo:

• Ukumelana okungcono kokugoba
• Iyahambisana ne-G.652.D

G.657.A2

Kuhle kakhulu ku:

• Ukufakwa okuxineneyo
• Ushintsho lwangaphakathi/lwangaphandle
• Izindawo ezincane zokuhambisa ikhebula

Inikeza ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokugoba.

OM3 / OM4

Kufanelekela:

• Izikhungo zedatha
• Ama-LAN ekhampasi
• Ukudluliselwa kwebanga elifushane ngesivinini esikhulu

Umhlahlandlela Wendawo Yokufaka

Ukufakwa Ngaphansi Komhlaba

Ikhebula elinconyiwe:

• Intambo yensimbi ene-armored tape

Izici ezibalulekile:

• Ukungangenwa amanzi
• Ukumelana nokuchotshozwa
• Ukumelana namagundane

Izitshalo Zezimboni

Ikhebula elinconyiwe:

• Intambo eboshwe kabili

Izidingo:

• Ukumelana namakhemikhali
• Ukumelana namafutha
• Ukuqina kwemishini

Ukuxhumana Kwesitimela

Ikhebula elinconyiwe:

• Intambo yensimbi eboshwe ngensimbi

Izidingo:

• Ukumelana nokudlidliza
• Isikhathi eside sokuphila

Amanethiwekhi Ezinsiza

Ikhebula elinconyiwe:

• Intambo yensimbi evikelwe ngensimbi

Izinzuzo:

• Amandla aphezulu okudonsa
• Ukuqina kwangaphandle okuhle kakhulu

Izindawo Ezisogwini

Khetha izintambo ezine:

• Izikhali zempi ezingamelani nokugqwala
• Ijakethi ye-PE engamelani ne-UV
• Umklamo ongangeni manzi

Izinto Okufanele Uzicabangele Ngaphambi Kokuthenga

Hlola okulandelayo ngaphambi kokukhetha ikhebula:

• Indlela yokufaka
• Inani le-fiber
• Ibanga lokudlulisela
• Umkhawulokudonsa odingekayo
• Izinga lokuvikela ngomshini
• Ukuvikelwa kwamagundane
• Ukumelana namanzi
• Ukumelana ne-UV
• Izinga lokushisa lokusebenza
• Izindinganiso zokufaka zendawo
• Ukwandiswa kwenethiwekhi yesikhathi esizayo
• Isabelomali

Amamodeli Ekhebula Angaphandle Ajwayelekile Ahlomile

Amamodeli adumile afaka:

Imodeli Yekhebula	Isicelo Esijwayelekile
NE	Ukufakwa kwepayipi
Ama-GYTS	Ukungcwatshwa okuqondile
I-GYTA53	Umngcwabo oqondile onzima
I-GYTS53	Ibanga elide ngaphansi komhlaba
Ndawonye	Inethiwekhi yokufinyelela
I-ADSS	Ukufakwa kwe-air
I-OPGW	Izintambo zokudlulisa amandla

Izinzuzo zekhebula le-Armored Outdoor Fiber Optic

Ukukhetha ikhebula elivikelwe kunikeza izinzuzo eziningana:

• Ukuvikelwa okuphezulu kwemishini
• Impilo yesevisi ende
• Izindleko zokulungisa ezincishisiwe
• Ukuthembeka kwenethiwekhi okungcono
• Ukumelana okuthuthukisiwe kwamagundane
• Ukuvikelwa komswakama okuthuthukisiwe
• Ukuqina kwemvelo okuhle kakhulu
• Izindleko eziphansi zobunikazi

Amaphutha Avamile Lapho Ukhetha Izintambo Ze-Fiber Zangaphandle

Gwema la maphutha avamile:

• Ukukhetha imicu embalwa kakhulu yokwandisa esikhathini esizayo
• Ukunganaki ukuvikelwa kwamagundane ezindaweni zasemakhaya
• Ukukhetha ikhebula elilinganiselwe ngaphakathi endlini ukuze lisetshenziswe ngaphandle
• Ukubheka izidingo zerediyasi yokugoba
• Ukukhetha indwangu yejakethi engalungile
• Ukugxila kuphela entengo yokuqala yokuthenga esikhundleni sezindleko zomjikelezo wokuphila
• Ukunganaki izindinganiso zendawo kanye nezimfuneko zokufaka

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa)

Ingabe ikhebula le-fiber optic elivikelwe lingangeni manzi?

Yebo. Iningi lezintambo ze-fiber optic ezivikelwe ngaphandle zifaka izinto zokuvimba amanzi kanye nejakethi yangaphandle ye-polyethylene ukuvimbela ukungena komswakama.

Ingabe ikhebula le-fiber optic elivikelwe lingangcwatshwa ngqo?

Yebo. Amamodeli afana ne-GYTS kanye ne-GYTA53 aklanyelwe ngqo izinhlelo zokungcwaba ngqo.

Ingabe izivikelo zithinta ukusebenza kahle kokukhanya?

Cha. Isivikelo sivikela ikhebula ngomshini ngaphandle kokuthinta ukusebenza kokudluliselwa kwe-optical.

Yisiphi isivikelo esihlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okungcono kakhulu kwamagundane?

Itheyiphu yensimbi ekhonkrithiwe kanye nesembatho sensimbi sinikeza ukumelana okuphezulu kakhulu nomonakalo wegundane.

Intambo ye-fiber optic yangaphandle evikelwe ihlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Uma zifakwe futhi zinakekelwa kahle, izintambo ze-fiber optic zangaphandle ezivikelwe ngekhwalithi ephezulu zivame ukuba nempilo yesevisi yeminyaka engu-25-30 noma ngaphezulu.

Isiphetho

Ukukhetha ikhebula le-fiber optic elingaphandle elivikelwe kahle kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni inethiwekhi ethembekile, elungele ikusasa. Cabanga ngendawo yokufaka, inani le-fiber elidingekayo, ukuvikelwa kwemishini, izimo zemvelo, kanye nezinhlelo zokunwetshwa kwesikhathi eside ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iphrojekthi yakho ihilela ukungcwaba okuqondile, ukufakwa kwepayipi, ukuthunyelwa emoyeni, noma izimo zezimboni ezinzima, ukufanisa ukwakheka kwekhebula nohlelo lokusebenza kuzokhulisa ukusebenza, kunciphise ukulungiswa, futhi kwandise isikhathi sokuphila kwengqalasizinda yakho ye-fiber.

Ngokutshala imali kukhebula le-fiber optic langaphandle elihlonyisiwe elifanele namuhla, opharetha benethiwekhi bangafinyelela izindleko zokusebenza eziphansi, ukuthembeka okukhulu, kanye nokuvikelwa okuqinile ezinseleleni ezidingakalayo zokufakwa kwangaphandle.