Tambo dzeFiber optic ndidzo tambo dzakatetepa dzinotumira data dzichishandisa chiedza, Dzinoshandiswa painternet, nezvimwewo. Asi dzakadzika zvakadii? Hmm, ndinofunga kuti zvinosiyana, Pamwe nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzine mitemo yakasiyana.

Chekutanga, ndinoyeuka kuti munzvimbo dzemaguta, panogona kunge paine zvivakwa zvakawanda, saka pamwe vanoviga zvakadzika kuti vadzivise zvimwe zvinhu zvekushandisa. Asi munzvimbo dzekumaruwa, pamwe hazvina kudzika zvakanyanya. Asi mirira, sei vachiviga zvakadzika mune dzimwe nzvimbo? Pamwe kuti vadzidzivirire kubva mukukuvadzwa. Sekuti, kana iri pasi pemugwagwa, haudi basa rekuvaka kuti uvachere. Saka pamwe kudzika kunoenderana nenzvimbo uye mukana wekukanganiswa.

Ndinofunga kuti pane mitemo kana nhungamiro dzeizvi. Pamwe muUS, Federal Communications Commission (FCC) ine mimwe mitemo? Kana kuti pamwe inosarudzwa nemutemo wekuvaka wemuno. Regai ndifunge. Zvakare, nyika dzakasiyana dzinogona kunge dziine mitemo yakasiyana. Semuenzaniso, muUS kana Europe, kudzika kunogona kusiyana. Asi mushandisi haana kutaura nyika, saka pamwe ndinofanira kutaura mitemo yakajairika ndocherechedza kuti inogona kusiyana.

Ndinoyeuka kuti hurefu hwemakuva emagetsi hunogona kuva masendimita angangoita 18 kusvika 24. Asi fiber optic inogona kunge iine zvinodiwa zvakasiyana. Mira, ndinofunga mune dzimwe nguva, senge pasi pemigwagwa, dzinodzika, pamwe masendimita 36 kana kupfuura. Izvozvo mamita matatu. Asi munzvimbo dzakapfava, senge pasi pemunda, pamwe masendimita 24. Kunewo kuvigwa kwakananga kana kuenzaniswa nekombiyuta. Kana tambo iri mukombiyuta, pamwe yakavigwa pakadzika kwakati, asi kana yakavigwa zvakananga, pamwe kudzika kwakasiyana.

Uyewo, munzvimbo dzinotonhora, mutsetse wechando ungave chimwe chezvikonzero. Unofanira kunyura pasi pemutsetse wechando kudzivirira kuzara, izvo zvinogona kukuvadza tambo. Kudzika kwemutsetse wechando kunosiyana; kuchamhembe kweUS, kunogona kusvika mamita akati wandei, nepo munzvimbo dzinodziya, kushoma. Saka pamwe muMinnesota, vanodzika kupfuura muFlorida. Asi tambo dzefiber optic hadziwanzokanganiswa nekupisa semapombi emvura, asi michina yekuisa nekufamba kwepasi zvinogona kunge zvichiri kunetsa.

Chimwe chinhu chekufunga nezvacho iNational Electrical Code (NEC) muUS. Izvi zvinotsanangura here kudzika kwemakuva etambo dzekutaurirana? Ndinofunga kuti NEC Article 800 inotaura nezvemasekete ekutaurirana. Regai ndiedze kurangarira. Kune dzimba dzekugara, pamwe masendimita makumi maviri nemana ekuvigwa zvakananga, masendimita gumi nemasere kana dziri muconduit. Asi handina chokwadi. Mira, NEC ingangoda masendimita makumi maviri nemana ekuvigwa zvakananga kwetambo dzemagetsi, asi pamwe fiber optics, sezvo iri voltage yakaderera, ine mitemo yakasiyana. Pamwe inogona kunge isina kudzika? Asi ndinofanira kutarisa.

Mirira, asi mamwe mashoko anoti tambo dze fiber optic dzinowanzo vharwa pakadzika sezvakaita mamwe mabasa emagetsi. Semuenzaniso, muUS, kudzika kwakajairika kunosvika masendimita makumi maviri nemana kusvika makumi matatu nematanhatu. Asi mune dzimwe nguva, senge pasi pemigwagwa kana nzvimbo dzine michina inorema, inogona kunge yakadzika, kusvika masendimita makumi mana nemasere. Zvakare, kana uchiyambuka nzvimbo yekurima, kudzika kunogona kuwedzerwa kudzivirira kukuvara kubva pakurima. Saka pamwe masendimita makumi matatu nematanhatu ipapo.

MuEurope, ndinofunga kuti zviyero zvinogona kunge zvakafanana. Semuenzaniso, muUK, kudzika kwacho kunogona kunge kuri pakati pe450-600mm (18-24 inches) mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa, uye kudzika pasi pemigwagwa. Asi ndinofanira kusimbisa. Zvakare, nyika dzakasiyana dzine mitemo yakasiyana. Australia inogona kunge iine mitemo yakasiyana nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana zvezvakatipoteredza.

Imwe kona: tambo dze fiber optic dzinogona kuvigwa uchishandisa nzira dzakasiyana. Kuchera mugero kwakajairika, kwavanochera mugero voisa tambo. Kuchera kwakatwasuka kunoshandiswa kana vasingakwanise kuchera mugero, senge pasi perwizi kana mugwagwa. Kudzika kwacho kunodzorwa nemidziyo yekuchera. Kuchera mugero mudiki inzira itsva kwavanocheka mugero mutete, pamwe kudzika kwetsoka imwe chete, vozouvhara. Asi izvi zvinogona kushandiswa munzvimbo dzemaguta dzine nzira dzekufamba nadzo, kwavanogona kucheka nekufukidza nekukurumidza. Zvisinei, izvi hazvina kudzika zvakanyanya, saka pamwe hazviwanzoitiki kune tambo dziri kure.

Saka kana tichienzanisa zvese: kudzika kwakajairika kunosiyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo, mashandisirwo evhu, mitemo yemunharaunda, uye zvinhu zvakatipoteredza. Makodhi emaguta vs ekumaruwa, migwagwa vs ekugara, nyika chaiyo. Mhinduro yacho ingangove ichitaura kuti kudzika kunobva pamasendimita gumi nemaviri (kwekuchera migero) kusvika pamasendimita makumi mana nemasere (pasi pemigwagwa kana munzvimbo dzine michina inorema), kazhinji kacho kuva masendimita makumi maviri nemana kusvika makumi matatu nematanhatu. Zvakare, taura zvinhu zvakaita sechando, kuvapo kwezvimwe zvinhu, uye mugero vs kuvigwa zvakananga.

Mirai, asi ndinofanira kuongorora mamwe manhamba. Regai ndifunge. Kana mumwe munhu ari kuviga tambo munzvimbo yekugara, pamwe 18-24 inches. Pasi pemugwagwa, 36 inches. Muvhu rekurima, 36-48 inches. Asi mamwe mashoko angati zvakasiyana. Semuenzaniso, American National Standards Institute (ANSI) ine gwara. Pamwe ANSI/TIA-758-B yezvivakwa zvekunze zvekufambisa nharembozha. Izvi zvinotsanangura kudzika here? Handizive, asi pamwe 36 inches pasi pemigwagwa. Neimwe nzira, Common Ground Alliance ine gwara rekudzivirira kukuvara panguva yekuchera, saka pamwe vanokurudzira kudzika kwakati.

Imwe pfungwa: mune dzimwe nguva, kunyanya munzvimbo dzine matombo, kudzika kwacho kunogona kunge kushoma nekuti zvakaoma kuchera zvakadzika, saka vanogona kushandisa nzira dzekudzivirira dzakadai se conduit kana rock shield cables. Saka kudzika hakusi iko chete chinhu chakakosha; nzira dzekudzivirira dzinokoshawo.

Uyewo, mune dzimwe nzvimbo, dzakadai senzvimbo dzinokurumidza kufashamirwa kana kukurwa kwevhu, tambo dzinogona kunge dzakadzika kana kuti dzakadzivirirwa. Tambo dzepasi pemvura dzakasiyana, asi mubvunzo ndewekuti tambo dzepasi dzakavigwa.

Saka, muchidimbu, kudzika kwemafibre optic cables kunowanzova pakati pemainches 0.45 kusvika 1.2 (18 kusvika 48 inches), zvichienderana nemamiriro ekunze nemitemo yemuno. Zvinhu zvikuru zvinosanganisira maguta nemaruwa, kuvapo kwezvimwe zvinhu zvinoshandiswa, chando, uye mutoro unotarisirwa (semigwagwa). Kushandiswa kwemugero kunogona kubvumira kuvigwa kusina kudzika zvishoma kana tichienzanisa nekuvigwa zvakananga. Nguva dzose tarisa macode emuno kuti uwane zvinodiwa chaizvo.

Kudzika kwetambo dze fiber optic kunosiyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo, mamiriro ekunze, uye mitemo. Heino ongororo yakarongwa:

Kudzika Kwakajairika

• Nzvimbo dzekugara/dzemaguta:

  • 18–24 inches (0.45–0.6 metres): Inowanzo shandiswa pakubata tambo dzakavigwa zvakananga kana kuti dzakadzivirirwa nepaipi.

  • Kuchera mitsetse midiki: Zvakadzika se12 inches (0.3 metres)munzvimbo dzemaguta dzakagadzirwa nematombo, dzakafukidzwa neasphalt kana kongiri.

• Nzvimbo dzekumaruwa/dzekurima:

  • 24–36 inches (0.6–0.9 metres): Kudzivirira kukuvara kunobva mumidziyo yekurima. Kuisa zvinhu zvakadzika (kusvika48 inches/1.2 metres) zvinogona kuitika munzvimbo dzemagejo.

• Migwagwa/Migwagwa mikuru:

  • 36–48 inches (0.9–1.2 metres): Kuvigwa kwakadzama kuti kutsungirire motokari dzakawanda nekuvakwa.

• Mamiriro ekunze anotonhora:

  • Pasi pemutsetse wechando(inosiyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo): Inodzivirira kukwira kwevhu; inogona kudarika masendimita makumi mana nemasere munzvimbo dzekuchamhembe.

Zvinhu Zvikuru Zvinopesvedzera Kudzika Kwepfungwa

1. Mitemo: Makodhi ekuvaka emunharaunda (semuenzaniso, NEC Article 800 muUS) uye zviyero (semuenzaniso, ANSI/TIA-758-B yekutaurirana) zvinoraira kudzika kudiki.

2. Nzvimbo: Nzvimbo ine matombo kana yakaoma inogona kuderedza kudzika asi shandisa nzira dzekudzivirira kana tambo dzakadzivirirwa.

3. Kuvigwa kwemugero vs. Kuvigwa zvakananga: Migero inobvumira nzvimbo isina kudzika zvakanyanya asi inowedzera dziviriro.

4. Njodzi dzezvakatipoteredza: Nzvimbo dzinokurumidza kufashamo kana dzinokukurwa nevhu dzingada kuvigwa kwakadzika kana tambo dzakadzivirirwa.

Kusiyana Kwepasi Rose

• Europe/UK: Kazhinji18–24 inches (0.45–0.6 metres)mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairika, mukati memugwagwa.

• Ositireriya: Zvakafanana nezvinodiwa neUS asi zvakagadziriswa zvichienderana nemamiriro ekunze emunharaunda.

Nzira dzekuisa

• Kuchera migero: Kuchera kwechinyakare kwekuviga zvakananga.

• Kuboorera Kwakanangana Nekutungamirira (HDD): Inoshandiswa pasi pezvipingamupinyi (nzizi, migwagwa) nekudzora kudzika kwakarurama.

• Kurima: Inokurumidza zvikuru kumaruwa, kazhinji pa 24–36 inches.

Pfupiso

Tambo dze fiber optic dzinowanzo vharwa18–48 inches (0.45–1.2 metres)zvakadzama, nekusiyana-siyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo, zvivakwa, uye zvinodiwa pakudzivirira. Nguva dzose tarisa mitemo yemunharaunda uye kuongororwa kwezvakatipoteredza kuti uwane zvinodiwa chaizvo.