• Iintambo ze-ADSS vs OPGW zombini zinendawo eyahlukileyo kwiziseko zonxibelelwano zanamhlanje kunye nolwakhiwo lwamandla, i-ADSS ifanelekile kwiifakelo ezilula, ezingasebenzisi umbane kwaye i-OPGW ibonelela ngokusebenza okudibeneyo kokuxhasa umhlaba kunye nonxibelelwano.

• Izinto eziphambili kunye nolwakhiwo zibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwentambo, kunye nentambo ye-aramid kunye ne-fiberglass eyonyusa amandla kwi-ADSS, kunye nezinto zesinyithi ezibonelela ngokuqina koomatshini kunye nokuqina kwi-OPGW.

• I-ADSS vs OPGW, isigqibo phakathi kwezi zimbini sixhomekeke kwiimfuno zokufakelwa, izinto ezingqongileyo, kunye neemfuno zenethiwekhi, nto leyo egxininisa ukubaluleka kokuvavanya iimeko ezizodwa zeprojekthi nganye.

• Zombini iintambo zifuna ukufakwa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokugcinwa rhoqo ukuze zihlale zithembekile ixesha elide, zinciphise ukuncitshiswa kwesignali, kwaye zinciphise iindleko zokusebenza.

• Ukhuseleko kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemithetho kubaluleke kakhulu ngexesha lokufakwa nokusebenza, ukukhusela abasebenzi, iziseko zophuhliso kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemigangatho.

• Isayensi yezinto eziphathekayo kunye neentambo ze-hybrid cables zigqiba ikamva le-fiber ephezulu, njengoko ihlabathi lifuna ngokukhawuleza nangokuthembekileyo ngakumbi ukuhanjiswa kwedatha.

I-ADSS kunye ne-OPGW ziintlobo ezimbini eziqhelekileyo zeentambo ze-fiber optic ezisetyenziswa kwimigca yokudlulisa umbane. I-ADSS, okanye intambo ye-All-Dielectric Self-Supporting, isebenza kakuhle ngeenjongo ezingezizo ezokuhambisa umbane. I-OPGW, okanye i-Optical Ground Wire, idibanisa i-fiber optics kunye nentambo yokumisa umhlaba, inika ukuhanjiswa kwedatha kunye nokukhuselwa kombane. Zombini iintambo zinceda izixhobo zombane ukuba zinxibelelane ngokukhawuleza kwaye zigcine uzinzo. I-ADSS ixhoma kwiinqaba ezingenasinyithi, ngoko ke ilungile kakhulu kwiindawo ezine-voltage ephezulu. I-OPGW ihamba phezu kweenqaba kwaye i-double isebenza njengentambo yesihlangu. Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-ADSS kunye ne-OPGW kudla ngokuba ngumbandela woqwalaselo lwenqaba, iimfuno zokhuseleko, kunye nendawo ekhoyo. Inqaku elilandelayo lidwelisa iingenelo kunye nokungalungi okucacileyo kohlobo ngalunye.

Yintoni intambo ye-ADSS?

Iintambo ze-ADSS (zonke ii-dielectric self-supporting) ziintambo ze-fiber optic ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kweentambo ze-fiber optic zangaphandle. Ekubeni zingenasinyithi kwiintambo, zilungele kakuhle iindawo apho umsebenzi wombane unokubangela iingxaki. Xa zisetyenziswa kwihlabathi liphela, ezi ntambo ze-optical zinceda ekugcineni ukuhamba kolwazi ngaphandle nangaphandle, nokuba zikwiindawo ezinzima okanye kufutshane nemigca yombane ene-voltage ephezulu. Zibalulekile ekuboneleleni nge-intanethi ekhawulezayo, imijelo yedatha yonxibelelwano, kunye neenkonzo zokubeka esweni umbane, zonke zinokuphazamiseka okuncinci kwe-electromagnetic.

Ulwakhiwo oluPhambili

Iintambo ze-ADSS Iqulethe umbindi weefayibha ze-optical ezihlanganisiweyo. Ezi fayibha zigqunywe ngeeleya zezinto ezikhuselayo ezifana ne-aramid yarn kunye ne-fiberglass. I-aramid yarn ifana nesikhuselo somzimba, ikhusela iifayibha ekuxinezelekeni nasekuqhekekeni. Iileya ze-fiberglass zibonelela ngokhuseleko olongezelelweyo kumswakama kunye nemozulu embi.

Zonke ezi zinto xa zidibene zenza intambo ibe thambileyo kakhulu, ukuze ikwazi ukumelana nokunwebeka kunye noxinzelelo ngaphandle kokuphazamisa imo okanye ukusebenza kwayo. Ngenxa yokuba ilula, intambo kulula kwaye ingabizi kakhulu ukuyifaka, ingakumbi xa umgama omde okanye xa unzima. Olu yilo lunceda ukugcina ulondolozo lulula, njengoko intambo inokusinda emoyeni, emvuleni, kwanasekuqhwa.

Indalo yeDielectric

Iintambo ze-ADSS fiber optic zi-dielectric kuphela, oko kuthetha ukuba azinazo naziphi na izinto zesinyithi. Oku kuzigcina zingabi zi-conductor, ngoko azitsali umbane okanye zidlulise imisinga elahlekileyo. Ukungabikho kombane ohanjiswayo kuthetha ukuba ukufakelwa kukhuselekile kubasebenzi - akukho mngcipheko mkhulu wokothuka okanye iziganeko zombane.

Indalo yazo ye-dielectric ithetha ukuba zihlala ixesha elide kwaye zithembekile ngakumbi, ngakumbi kufutshane neentambo zombane. Iintambo ze-dielectric, kwelinye icala, zigcina imiqondiso yedatha eqinileyo necacileyo ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye amathuba okuphazanyiswa okuvela kwimithombo yamandla ekufutshane ancinci.

Indlela yokuxhasa

Ukuzixhasa kwabo kuthetha Iintambo zefayibha ze-ADSS ingaxhonywa phakathi kweepali ngaphandle kweengcingo okanye izixhobo ezongezelelweyo. Uxinzelelo yinto efunekayo—ukuba intambo itsalwe kakuhle, iya kuhlala isendaweni yayo kwaye ayiyi kudilika, nokuba kudlule iminyaka emininzi.

Ufakelo oluhle lubalulekile. Ukuba ixhonywe kakhulu, intambo inokugoba, iqine kakhulu kwaye inokuqhekeka okanye idinwe ngaphambi kwexesha. Inkxaso egqwesileyo inciphisa ukugcinwa kwayo kwaye yenza isebenze kakuhle - nokuba kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu - okwenza ezi ntambo zibe lukhetho olulumkileyo kwiinethiwekhi ezininzi.

Yintoni intambo ye-OPGW?

Intambo ye-OPGW, okanye intambo yocingo oluphantsi lwe-Optical, sisakhiwo sentambo yombane esahlukileyo esisetyenziswa kwiintambo zombane eziphezulu ezifana ne-500 kV, i-220 kV, kunye ne-110 kV. Idlala iindima ezimbini ezinkulu ngaxeshanye: imisa umgca wombane kwaye ibonelela ngendlela yelizwi, ividiyo, kunye nedatha ngonxibelelwano lwefayibha ye-optical. Iintambo ze-OPGW bezikho ukususela ngeminyaka yoo-1980, ngoku ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeegridi zombane zanamhlanje kwihlabathi liphela. Zifakwe njengenxalenye yeentambo zombane zangaphandle zefayibha ye-optic, ecaleni kweentambo zombane, zinceda izixhobo zombane ekuqhagamsheleni nasekukhuseleni imijelo yazo yedatha yonxibelelwano. Iintlobo ezine eziphambili—i-ACS, ityhubhu exineneyo, ityhubhu ephakathi, kunye ne-ACP—zinika ulungelelwaniso olwahlukileyo kwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo, okwenza i-OPGW ibe nobuchule kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo.

Ukusebenza kabini

Iintambo ze-OPGW azipheleli nje ekufakeni imigca yombane emhlabeni. Nazo zidlulisela idatha, ilizwi kunye nevidiyo ngesantya esiphezulu. Oku kusebenza kabini kunciphisa inani leenkqubo ezifunekayo — kunciphisa iindleko kunye nezixhobo ezixhonywe kwinqaba.

Uyilo lwabo lunceda ekukhuseleni imigca ekukhanyeni ngokuhambisa ibholithi ngokukhuselekileyo emhlabeni. Kwangaxeshanye, bagcina imiqondiso yolawulo lwegridi okanye iinkqubo ze-SCADA. Le nhlanganisela igcina indawo, ilungisa iinethiwekhi kwaye inceda iinkonzo zombane ukuba ziphucule inqaba nganye. Nge-OPGW, iinkampani zamandla akufuneki zifake iintambo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zokubeka umhlaba kunye nonxibelelwano - umntu unyamekela yonke into.

Ulwakhiwo lwesinyithi

Isinyithi esikwiintambo ze-OPGW—ngokuvamile ucingo lwe-aluminium alloy—sibanika amandla okumelana nomoya, imvula, umkhenkce kunye nezinye iimeko zemozulu ezinzima. Senza intambo ihlale ixesha elide ngaphandle, nto leyo ibalulekileyo kwimigca edlula amakhulu eekhilomitha.

Iziqwenga zesinyithi ezingaphakathi kwintambo ziyenza ibe ntle kakhulu ekuqhubeni imisinga yempazamo emhlabeni. Ibalulekile kukhuseleko lombane. Basebenzisa i-aluminium alloy kuba inamandla kodwa ayinzima kakhulu, ngoko ke iitowers akufuneki zibe nkulu okanye ziqine ukuze zixhase intambo. Umqolo wesinyithi uthetha ukuba intambo inokubotshelelwa, ixinaniswe kwaye iphathwe njengentambo eqhelekileyo yomhlaba, nto leyo eyenza ukuyifaka nokuyigcina kulula kubasebenzi.

Indima Yokuseka

Umsebenzi oyintloko we-OPGW kukusebenza njengocingo lomhlaba, ukuthintela iimpazamo kunye nombane, kwaye uziqondise emhlabeni ngendlela engenabungozi. Oko kugcina yonke inkqubo ikhuselekile.

Ukubeka umhlaba kakuhle kunciphisa umngcipheko womlilo kunye neengozi zombane. Kuyazinzisa igridi yombane xa kukho iziphepho. Ngokubeka umhlaba ngaphakathi, amalungu eqela akufuneki abophe intambo eyahlukileyo, ngoko ke umsebenzi uhamba ngokukhawuleza kwaye iindleko ziyancitshiswa. Ukubeka umhlaba ngendlela ethembekileyo evela kwi-OPGW kukwanceda ekugcineni ixesha lokusebenza ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kakhulu kunye neengxaki.

I-ADSS vs OPGW: Uthelekiso oluthe ngqo

Ulwakhiwo lwentambo ye-ADSS fiber optic kunye neentambo ze-OPGW zombini ziintsika zenethiwekhi zanamhlanje. Nangona zombini ziingcingo ze-optical, zikhonza uyilo olwahlukileyo, iimpawu, kunye nezicelo kwiinkqubo zonxibelelwano kunye nothumelo lwamandla. Nantsi ingcaciso yomahluko wazo ophambili kunye neziphumo zokusetyenziswa kwazo ngokusebenzayo.

1. Uyilo lweZakhiwo

Iintambo ze-ADSS zisebenzisa uyilo oluzixhasayo olungenazo iindawo zesinyithi. Zilula kwaye kulula ukuzifaka phakathi kweepali. Iintambo ze-OPGW, okwangoku, zenziwe ngentsimbi okanye i-aluminium, oko kuthetha ukuba ziyakwazi ukuhambisa umbane emhlabeni xa kukho iziphene. Yingakho i-OPGW ilukhetho oludumileyo lweentambo zombane, apho zisebenza njengomhlaba kunye nomjelo wonxibelelwano.

Ukukhetha izinto kubalulekile. I-ADSS isebenzisa iplastiki eqinileyo kunye nefayibha, nto leyo eyenza ukuba yomelele kodwa ibe lula. I-OPGW ifuna iintsimbi ukuze yenze umsebenzi wayo wokumisa umhlaba, nto leyo eyenza ibe nzima. Ezi zigqibo zoyilo ziyatshintsha xa uhlobo ngalunye lwentambo lufanelekile. I-ADSS ihlala ixhonywe kwiindawo apho umbane ungeyongozi—njengemigca yefowuni ecaleni kwendlela. I-OPGW inamathele kwizithsaba zeenqaba zamandla.

2. Iipropati zoMbane

Iintambo ze-ADSS azikwazi ukukhupha umbane kwaye zinobushushu obuhle kakhulu, ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwazo kwe-all-dielectric. Oko, kuzenza zingaphazanyiswa yi-electromagnetic interference. Iintambo ze-OPGW ziqhuba umbane kuba zenzelwe ukuhlisa imigca yombane, oko kuthetha ukuba zinokuthatha i-EMI kwiindawo ezinengxolo.

Olu khuselo kwi-ADSS lufana nokudluliselwa kwedatha okukhuselekileyo, ingakumbi xa kufutshane nemigca ye-voltage ephezulu. I-OPGW iphuma phezulu xa kufuneka i-grounding. Ngamanye amaxesha, umgangatho wesiginali inokuphazamiseka yingxolo yombane.

3. Inkqubo yoFakelo

I-ADSS kulula ukuyifaka. Abafaki bafaka nje intambo phakathi kweepali, beqinisekisa ukuba uxinzelelo kunye nokuwa zichanekile. I-OPGW ifuna ucwangciso olongezelelekileyo. Abafaki kufuneka bayigalele phantsi intambo kwaye ngamanye amaxesha izixhobo zokuyitsala phezulu kwiinqaba zamandla. I-ADSS ifakeka ngokukhawuleza kwaye inezixhobo ezimbalwa. I-OPGW ifuna ixesha elingakumbi, izixhobo, kunye nabasebenzi.

I-OPGW inokuba lula ukuyilawula ukuba sele ukwinqaba enamandla ombane aphezulu. Kwiindawo ezikude okanye ezirhabaxa, i-ADSS idla ngokuba yeyona iphumelelayo kuba ayifuni zihlunu zininzi.

4. Iimfuno zoLondolozo

I-ADSS ifuna ukuhlolwa rhoqo ukuze ibone ukuba ayigugi, ayixinezelekanga kwaye ayonakali.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-OPGW kugxile kwiindawo zokumisa umhlaba kunye nokugqwala.

Imozulu embi, umoya okanye umkhenkce zinokuchaphazela zombini iintlobo. I-OPGW inomdla wokuzisingatha ngcono ngamanye amaxesha ezi meko.

Ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo kugcina imiqondiso icacile.

5. Iindleko Zobomi Bonke

Ulwakhiwo lwentambo ye-ADSS fiber optic lubiza kancinci ukuyifaka nokuyigcina kwizicelo zonxibelelwano. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, i-OPGW, nangona ekuqaleni ibiza kakhulu, igcina imali kwiinkonzo ngokusebenzisa imisebenzi emininzi ngaxeshanye, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ilungele unxibelelwano lwamandla. Olu sebenzi lubini lunokuba luncedo kakhulu kwiigridi zamandla ezinkulu.

Ukukhetha iCable eyiyo

Ukukhetha phakathi kolwakhiwo lwentambo ye-ADSS fiber optic kunye neentambo ze-OPGW kubandakanya ukuqwalasela iinkcukacha ezininzi ezinxulumene netekhnoloji yentambo ye-optical. Isigqibo sakho asichaphazeli nje kuphela iindleko kunye nokwakhiwa, kodwa sichaphazela nokhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendlela zonxibelelwano.

• Vavanya ukufakwa okutsha ngokuchasene nokuphuculwa kwemigca emidala

• Jonga ukuba imozulu imbi, umoya, umkhenkce, kunye nombane unobungozi

• Cinga ngexabiso, indawo, kunye nokulula kokufaka intambo

• Bhangqa intambo nesantya senethiwekhi, umthwalo wolwazi, kunye nokuvezwa kwe-EMI

• Hlola izixhobo zekhebula ukuze ubone ukuba ziqinile, zikhuselekile, kwaye ziyamelana nokugqwala

Iintambo zoMbane ezintsha

Ngenxa yokuba iintambo ze-ADSS zilula kwaye azikwazi ukudlulisa umbane, zinokubotshelelwa kwiintambo ezintsha ngaphandle kokufaka inkxaso eyongezelelweyo yesinyithi. Oku kunciphisa ixesha lokufakela kwaye kugcina iindleko ziphantsi, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezinqongopheleyo okanye ezingakwaziyo ukufikelela kuzo. Ngenxa yokuba i-ADSS ayinawo amandla ombane, ayichaphazeleki kukugqwala kombane kunye nombane—inzuzo enkulu kwiindawo ezithandwa sisivuthuvuthu.

Iintambo ze-OPGW, ngokuchaseneyo, zibonelela ngenzuzo ephindwe kabini kulwakhiwo olutsha. Aziphathi idatha nje kuphela, ziyintambo yesikhuselo, zisekela umgca kwaye zikhusela umbane. Oku kunokuba lutshintsho olukhulu kwiisetingi ze-voltage ephezulu. Njengoko ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokutshintsha, kufanelekile ukutyala imali kwiintambo ezinokuxhasa idatha eyongezelelweyo kunye nesantya, ngoko ke ukwakhiwa okutsha kulungele ukuphuculwa. Ukukhusela kwixesha elizayo kuthetha ukuqwalasela ukuba inethiwekhi yakho inokukhula okanye iguquke kangakanani, ukuze ungaphinde ubambeke ekutshintsheni iintambo kwakhona kunyaka.

Iziseko zophuhliso ezikhoyo

Ukulungisa imigca emidala kunokuba nzima, kodwa ukusebenzisa isakhiwo seentambo ze-ADSS fiber optic kunokuba yinto efanelekileyo xa kufuneka uphephe ixesha lokungasebenzi, njengoko kunganyanzelekanga ukuba idibane neentambo ezibukhoma, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa iingozi. Ukuphucula ukuya kwi-OPGW kunokuvuselela iinethiwekhi ezindala ngokudluliselwa kwedatha okukhawulezayo ngelixa kuphucula ukubekwa komhlaba ngaxeshanye. Ngaphambi kokuba nawuphi na umsebenzi uqale, kubalulekile ukujonga izixhobo ezikhoyo ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana neentambo ezintsha, kuba ukungahambelani kunokubangela ukulibaziseka okukhulu. Ukucwangcisa ukufakwa kweentambo ze-fiber optic zangaphandle kwangethuba kunye nokusebenza ngexesha leeyure eziphantsi kunokugcina izibane zivuliwe kwaye kunciphise ukucima.

Izinto eziphathelele indalo

Iintambo zilwa nelanga, imvula, umkhenkce nomoya yonke imihla, ingakumbi xa kujongwa imeko-bume yeentambo ze-fiber optic zangaphandle. Zombini i-ADSS kunye ne-OPGW kufuneka zimelane nobushushu, ukubanda, kunye nokufuma, kwaye ukumelana ne-UV kubalulekile kumsebenzi wangaphandle. Indawo idlala indima ebalulekileyo; intambo esebenza kumhlaba othe tyaba inokudodobala ezintabeni okanye kwiindawo ezisezantsi. Kwiindawo ezirhabaxa, izinto ezomeleleyo neziguquguqukayo ziphucula ulwakhiwo lweentambo ze-optical ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziyaphila.

Iimfuno zeNethiwekhi

Iinethiwekhi kufuneka zithuthe idatha ngaphezu kwanini na ngaphambili, nto leyo eyenza ubuchwepheshe beentambo ze-optical bubaluleke kakhulu. I-OPGW idla ngokukhazimla xa kufuneka kuhanjiswe isantya esikhulu kunye nemithwalo yedatha, ngelixa isakhiwo sentambo ye-ADSS fiber optic sinokuphatha imisebenzi emininzi kodwa sinokusokola ukuhambelana nesantya se-OPGW. Ukuba inethiwekhi iza kwanda, ukukhetha intambo elula ukuyikhulisa kuya konga amandla kwixesha elizayo. Iimfuno ze-bandwidth zinokunyusa izikali—iinethiwekhi ezixakekileyo zisebenza kakuhle ngeentambo ezinokuhambelana nesantya sonxibelelwano lwentambo ye-optical. Ubume kunye nobukhulu benethiwekhi nazo zibalulekile, njengoko kungengazo zonke iintambo ezifanelekileyo kuzo zonke ii-layout.

Ngaphaya kwePhepha leNgcaciso

Ulwakhiwo lwentambo ye-ADSS fiber optic xa kuthelekiswa nokukhethwa kwentambo ye-OPGW kubandakanya okungaphezulu nje kweenkcukacha zobugcisa. Ukhuseleko, iikhowudi, kunye nendlela ezi ntambo ze-optical ezimelana ngayo noxinzelelo lwehlabathi lokwenyani zibalulekile ekufakweni kweentambo ze-fiber optic zangaphandle. Ukuqonda ezi zinto kucacisa ukhetho lwakho kwaye kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi kunye neendlela zonxibelelwano.

Izinto eziqwalaselwayo kuKhuseleko

• Ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi ngexesha lokufakelwa kwemigca ye-voltage ephezulu

• Umngcipheko weengozi zombane kunye neemfuno zomhlaba

• Ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwezixhobo zokuzikhusela zomntu (PPE)

• I-UV, imvula, kunye nokunye ukuvezwa kokusingqongileyo okunokuchaphazela iishelufu zekhebula.

• Ukhuseleko lombane, ingakumbi kwiindlela ezingezizo ezesinyithi ze-ADSS

• Ukuthobela imigaqo yokhuseleko ethile kwindawo ethile

Iingozi zombane zezinye zezinto eziphambili ezixhalabisayo xa kucinywa nayiphi na intambo, njengoko isakhiwo sentambo ye-ADSS fiber optic sibonelela ngobushushu obuhle kakhulu, ngaloo ndlela sinciphisa umngcipheko wombane. Nangona kunjalo, abafaki kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba iingcingo zisebenza kakuhle kwaye bahlale beqaphele ukungqubana kwizikhululo. I-OPGW, esetyenziswa rhoqo kwiintambo ze-fiber optic zangaphandle, isebenza ngqo kwimigca yothumelo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba i-PPE kunye namanyathelo okhuseleko abe yimfuneko. Ukuthobela imithetho yokhuseleko kubangela ukuba kubekho iingozi ezimbalwa kunye nexesha elincinci lokungasebenzi, nto leyo egcina yonke into isebenza kakuhle.

Ukuthotyelwa kweMithetho

Ukuhlangabezana nemithetho yekhebula yasekhaya neyamazwe ngamazwe akuyonto nje yokujonga uluhlu; kuphembelela yonke into ukusuka kuyilo ukuya kwindlela iintambo ze-fiber optic zangaphandle ezixhonywe ngayo kwiipali. Zombini i-ADSS kunye ne-OPGW kufuneka zilandele imigangatho ebekwe yimibutho efana ne-International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Le migangatho iqinisekisa ukuba iintambo ze-optical zikhuselekile ukuzisebenzisa kwaye zisebenza njengoko bekucetyiwe. Xa amaqela elandela le migaqo, iindlela zedatha zonxibelelwano azinakuqhekeka, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kubekho iintloko ezimbalwa ezibangelwa ngamabango asemthethweni okanye e-inshurensi kwixesha elizayo.

Ukuthembeka Kwexesha Elide

Umngeni wokwenene kwi-ADSS kunye ne-OPGW yindlela eziqhuba ngayo iminyaka emininzi zichatshazelwe yimozulu. Iintambo ze-ADSS zimelana neemeko ezininzi zemozulu—imvula, ilanga, umoya—ngenxa yoyilo olutsha kunye nezinto eziqinileyo nezikhaphukhaphu. Isiciko sazo sinokukrala, ingakumbi xa kukho i-UV eninzi okanye imvula. Iintambo ze-OPGW, ezakhiwe ngesinyithi, zimelana nemozulu embi kwaye zenzelwe iindawo ezibandayo. Zinzima ngakumbi kwaye zifuna ixesha elide lokufaka.

Zombini zinokuhlala ixesha elingaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30 ukuba zigcinwa. Ulwakhiwo lwe-ADSS olungeyontsimbi yonke luthintela umhlwa kwaye lunceda kwiindawo ezithandwa ngumbane. Ukuqina kwe-OPGW kuvela kwisiseko sayo sesinyithi, esisasaza isiseko sombane. Ukugcinwa rhoqo kunye nokulungiswa okusebenzayo kuzigcina zisebenza imihla ngemihla. Ubuchwepheshe obutsha—njengeengubo zesheath eziphuculweyo okanye ii-fiber optics eziphambili—bunokuphucula ukuqina nokusebenza kwezi ntambo.

Ukusebenza ngokuSebenzayo

Ulwakhiwo lwentambo ye-ADSS fiber optic luvumela ukufakwa ngokukhawuleza—ukuya kuthi ga kwi-5 km ngosuku kwiimeko ezilungileyo. Uyilo lwabo olukhaphukhaphu lwenza kube lula ukuseta ngezixhobo ezingakhuli kakhulu. Nangona i-OPGW ingathatha ixesha elide ukuyifakela, inyusa amandla eendlela zonxibelelwano. I-ADSS igqwesile kwiimeko zemozulu ezipholileyo, ngelixa i-OPGW imelana nokuguquguquka okukhulu kobushushu.

Ikamva leFiber engaphezulu

Iintambo ze-fiber optic ezisetyenziswa ngaphezulu — ngakumbi i-ADSS kunye ne-OPGW — ziyaqhubeka nokuchaza indlela unxibelelwano lwe-fiber optic oludlulisela ngayo amandla kunye nedatha kumgama omde. Indima yazo kukukhula kwiigridi ezikrelekrele, oololiwe, kunye neendlela zedatha zonxibelelwano. Uphuhliso lugxile ekuphuculeni ulwakhiwo lwentambo ye-optical ukuze kusetyenziswe ngokukhawuleza, ixesha elide, kunye nokuguquguquka.

Isayensi yezinto eziphathekayo

Isayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo iphambili ekuphuculeni i-fiber optic. Iingubo ezintsha kunye neejacketing zikhusela iintambo kwimitha ye-UV, imvula kunye nemimoya enamandla. Iintambo eziqinileyo kunye nokulungiswa kwesheathing kwenza iintambo zihlale zithembekile kwiindawo ezinzima, ukusuka kwiintaba ezigqunywe likhephu ukuya kwiindawo ezimanzi zonxweme.

Izinto ezilula ngoku zinciphisa ubunzima beentambo zefayibha eziphezu kwentloko. Oku kunceda kwiindawo apho iipali zingenakukwazi ukuxhasa kakhulu okanye apho kufuneka khona ubude obude. Iintambo ezolula kancinci nezigobileyo kancinci zikhuselekile kwaye zihlala ixesha elide.

Izinto ezintsha zinceda nemingeni yokusingqongileyo. Masithi, iintambo ezingamelani nomkhenkce kwiindawo eziqinileyo zasebusika, okanye iintambo ezingamelani netyuwa ezikufutshane nolwandle. Uphando luyaqhubeka nokuqhuba ezi zinto. Kukho iilabhoratri ezininzi kwihlabathi liphela ezizama ukuxuba izinto ezintsha, zijonge ukwenza iintambo ezisebenza ngcono kwaye zingabizi kakhulu.

Uyilo lweHybrid

Uyilo lwe-hybrid ludibanisa iipropati ezifanelekileyo zeentambo ze-ADSS kunye ne-OPGW. Ezinye zisebenzisa amandla abalaseleyo e-ADSS okuthutha ulwazi olungenasinyithi ngokupheleleyo, kodwa zibonelela ngeempawu zokukhusela kunye nokukhusela ze-OPGW.

Ngeentambo ezixutyiweyo, kukho ukuguquguquka kwindlela ezifakwa ngayo nendawo ezifakwa kuyo. Iinkampani zamandla kunye neenkampani zonxibelelwano zingasebenzisa intambo enye kuzo zombini ezi misebenzi, nto leyo egcina igumbi kunye nemali. Iinethiwekhi zefayibha ezisetyenziswa ngaphezulu ezilula xa kuthelekiswa neentambo ezisetyenziswa ngaphantsi komhlaba — kulula ukuzilungisa okanye ukuzihlaziya, kwaye zisebenza kakuhle kwiigridi ezikrelekrele ezifuna zombini iintambo zamandla kunye nedatha.

Uyilo lwe-hybrid luvumela iinkampani ukuba ziphendule ngokukhawuleza kwiimfuno ezintsha. Ngoko ke xa isixeko sisanda okanye kwakhiwa uloliwe omtsha, iintambo ze-hybrid zinokufakwa ngaphandle kotshintsho olukhulu kwinkqubo.

Iimfuno zeMarike

Idatha ekhawulezayo kakhulu neqinileyo iya ifuneka kakhulu emakhaya, kumashishini, koololiwe kwanakwizibane zendlela zesixeko. Ifayibha engaphezulu ibalulekile kuzo zonke ezi zinto. Imfuneko yokufakelwa ngokukhawuleza kwiindawo ezinzima, njengeentaba okanye amahlathi, ikhokelela ekufuneni ezi ntambo.

Bafuna i-intanethi yabo kunye namandla abo asebenze rhoqo. Oku kunyanzela abavelisi beentambo ukuba baqhubeke nokuvelisa izinto ezintsha. Abakhuphisana nabo bakhuphisana ngokuthengisa iintambo ezikumgangatho ophezulu nezingabizi kakhulu, beqinisekisa ukuba abathengi bafumana ixabiso abalilindeleyo.

Imakethi ikhawuleza, kwaye amashishini kufuneka ahlale ekwinqanaba eliphezulu. Ukuba awenzi njalo, kukho umntu oza kuqhubeka.

Isiphelo

Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-ADSS kunye ne-OPGW kufuna ingqalelo entle kwiimfuno zakho kunye nomhlaba osebenza kuwo. Zombini iintambo zibalulekile ekudluliseni ulwazi ngokukhawuleza nangokukhuselekileyo kumgama omde. I-ADSS idlala kakuhle kwiindawo ezinemigaqo engqongqo okanye apho imigca ephezulu ihlala inamandla. I-OPGW inolwakhiwo oluqinileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo kwiigridi zamandla. Zombini ezi ntlobo zibonisa amandla azo kwintsimi, ukusuka kwiinduli ezinamatye ukuya kwiindawo ezikude zesixeko. Nazi ezinye zemisebenzi yokwenyani kunye namabali okwenyani abonisa ukuba ukhetho olufanelekileyo lunokonga ixesha kunye neendleko. Ukufuna ukwazi ukuba yeyiphi intambo ephuma phezulu kwiprojekthi yakho elandelayo. Buza, thelekisa, kwaye ufumane ulwazi olutsha. Hlala ujonge ukuba yintoni esebenza kakuhle entanyeni yakho yehlathi.

Imibuzo ebuzwa qho

Yintoni umahluko omkhulu phakathi kweentambo ze-ADSS kunye ne-OPGW?

Ziintambo ezizixhasayo ezingadingi mqhubi wombane. Iintambo ze-OPGW zidibanisa iintambo ze-optical kunye nocingo oluphantsi komhlaba, olufakwe ngqo phezu kwemigca yombane ene-voltage ephezulu.

Yeyiphi intambo engcono kwiindawo ezinokuphazamiseka kombane okuphezulu?

Iintambo ze-OPGW, ezinesakhiwo sazo esomeleleyo seentambo ze-optical, zigqwesile kwiindawo ezinokuphazamiseka kombane, zibonelela ngokhuseleko oluhle kakhulu lokunxibelelana ngefayibha ye-optical nxamnye nokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic.

Ngaba iintambo ze-ADSS zingafakwa kwiipali zezixhobo ezikhoyo?

Ewe, isakhiwo sentambo ye-ADSS fiber optic sinokuxhonywa kwiipali zombane ezikhoyo, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukubethelela iintambo ze-fiber optic zangaphandle ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuxhaswa okanye ukuxhonywa komhlaba, nto leyo eyenza ukufakwa kube lula kwaye kungabizi kakhulu.

Ngaba iintambo ze-OPGW zifanelekile kwiintambo ezintsha zothumelo kuphela?

Iintambo ze-OPGW zilungele kakhulu imigca emitsha yothumelo oluphezulu, zisebenza njengesisombululo esisebenzayo seentambo ze-fiber optic zangaphandle esithatha indawo yeentambo zesiqhelo zomhlaba ngelixa zibonelela ngezakhono zonxibelelwano lwe-grounding kunye ne-optical fiber.

Loluphi uhlobo lwentambo olunexabiso eliphantsi?

Iintambo ze-ADSS, ezaziwa ngokusetyenziswa kwazo kweentambo ze-fiber optic zangaphandle, zihlala zingabizi kakhulu kwiintambo ze-voltage eziphakathi ukuya kweziphantsi, zisebenzisa izixhobo ezincinci kwaye zenza kube lula ukufaka.

Iimeko zemozulu zichaphazela njani iintambo ze-ADSS kunye ne-OPGW?

Zombini iindlela zokufaka iintambo ze-fiber optic zangaphandle zisebenza ngeenjongo ezithile. Nangona ulwakhiwo lweentambo ze-fiber optic ze-ADSS lunokuba sesichengeni ngakumbi sokufakwa komkhenkce nomoya, iintambo ze-OPGW zinika ukumelana okuphezulu ngenxa yamandla azo esinyithi.

Ziziphi iindlela eziphambili zokusebenzisa iintambo ze-ADSS kunye ne-OPGW?

Iintambo ze-ADSS zizisombululo ezibalulekileyo zeentambo ze-fiber optic zangaphandle kwiinethiwekhi zonxibelelwano, ingakumbi kwiindawo zasemaphandleni okanye zasezidolophini, ngelixa iintambo ze-OPGW zisetyenziswa ecaleni kwemigca yamandla ene-voltage ephezulu ukuze kunxibelelanwe ngempumelelo nge-fiber optic.