Gutakaza fibre yo kugonda yerekeza ku kubura ikimenyetso kibaho iyo fibre optique igonze irenga radius runaka. Iki kintu giterwa no kuva k'urumuri mu mutima wa fibre mu gihe runyura mu gipfundikizo. Iyo fibre igonze, imirasire y'urumuri inyura mu gipfundikizo cy'imbere ku gice cy'imbere cy'igipfundikizo. Ariko, iyo radius igonze ari nto cyane, imwe mu mirasire y'urumuri ishobora gusohoka inyuze mu gipfundikizo, bigatera igihombo.

Gutakaza fibre biterwa n'ibintu byinshi:

Umwanya wo kugonda: Uko umurambararo w’urumuri ugenda uba muto, niko umurambararo w’urumuri ugenda uba mwinshi. Ibi biterwa nuko umurambararo muto w’urumuri ugenda uhinduka umurambararo mwinshi, bigatuma habaho gusohoka kw’urumuri mu gice cyo hejuru.

Ubwoko bwa Fibre: Ubwoko butandukanye bw'imigozi bufite imiterere itandukanye yo gutakaza uburyo bwo gupfunyika. Urugero, imigozi yo mu buryo bumwe ubusanzwe igira igihombo gito cyo gupfunyika ugereranije n'imigozi yo mu buryo bwinshi.

Uburebure bw'umuraba: Gutakaza ubushobozi bwo gupfunyika bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'uburebure bw'urumuri runyura muri fibre. Ubunini bw'urumuri bumwe bushobora gutakaza ubushobozi bwo gupfunyika kurusha ubundi.

Igishushanyo mbonera cya Fibre: Imiterere y'umugozi, harimo n'imiterere y'urutonde rw'ingufu n'ibikoresho byakoreshejwe, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku gutakaza imbaraga.

Gupfuka: Ubwoko n'ubwiza bw'igitambaro gishyirwa kuri fibre bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bworoshye no kudakomera kwacyo.

Kugira ngo ugabanye gutakaza ubushobozi bwo gucurama, ni ngombwa gufata neza imigozi y'urumuri no kwirinda gucurama cyane, cyane cyane imigozi ikaze. Insinga za fiber optique akenshi ziba zifite imiterere y'uburinzi n'inyongera kugira ngo zigabanye gutakaza ubushobozi bwo gucurama no kwemeza ko ibimenyetso bikwirakwira neza.

Mu ikoreshwa rya fibre optique, ubwoko bugoye cyane bwo gutakaza isura ni ugutakaza isura nto. Hamwe n'iterambere ry'ibikoresho n'imigozi y'urumuri, gutakaza isura nto ni ikintu gihangayikishije cyane. Guhindura isura mu buryo butaziguye byinjizwa mu gikoresho aho guhinduranya amashanyarazi, kandi fibre ishobora guhura n'ikibazo cy'igihe kirekire mu mwanya muto cyane. Kuri fibre, fibre yoroshye, fibre ntoya, haba mu kugabanya ubunini bw'igitambaro, cyangwa mu kugabanya umurambararo w'igitambaro; Mu buryo nk'ubwo kuri fibre nyinshi, ubunini bw'igitambaro bukora neza nabwo buzagabanuka cyane, ibyo byongera ibyago byo gutakaza isura nto.

Gutakaza ubushobozi bwo guhindagurika no guhindagurika kw'ibintu bifitanye isano no guhindagurika mu buryo bufatika, ariko hari itandukaniro rigaragara hagati yabyo ukurikije uburyo igihombo cyabayeho. Kubwibyo, mu mikoreshereze ifatika, ni ngombwa cyane gutandukanya igihombo n'ihindagurika ry'ibintu bihindagurika cyangwa ihindagurika ry'ibintu bihindagurika bitewe n'imiterere y'igihombo, ibyo bikaba bikubiyemo ahantu nyaho ikibazo kiri n'uburyo bwo gukemura ikibazo.

1. Ku bijyanye no guhindura imiterere y'ijometri

Igihombo cyo kugonda mikoro mu by’ukuri ni igihombo cyazanywe no guhinduka gato kwa fibre, mu gihe igihombo cyo kugonda mikoro ari igihombo cyazanywe no guhindagurika nyako, kandi umurambararo w’inyuma wa fibre ukomeza kuba ntagereranywa. Ibi bitanga itandukaniro rigaragara muri geometrike. Guhinduka guto kwa fibre bishobora gufatwa nk'ihindagurika ry’umuzenguruko wa geometrike mu cyerekezo cy’uburebure bwa fibre. Uku guhindagurika gufite imiterere ibiri: amplitude na frequency. Aho micro-bend iherereye bituruka ku nshuro nyinshi na amplitude nto. Guhungabana kw'inyuma bishobora kwiganwa, kandi frequency yayo na amplitude bihinduka ku buryo butunguranye uko igihe kigenda gihita. Dufashe ihinduka rya Fourier ry'iri hindagurika ritunguranye, ubunini bungana n'imbaraga, kandi hari isano iri hagati y'ubucucike bw'imbaraga n'umurambararo w'ahantu.

Ibi kandi biroroshye kubyumva no gufata umwanzuro w’icyitegererezo: iyo inshuro z’ihungabana ziri hejuru cyane, imiterere y’umugozi iba imwe, kandi ingaruka z’ihungabana rito ntiziba nini. Ariko, iyo inshuro z’ihungabana ziri hasi cyane, ihindagurika nyaryo rishobora kubaho, kandi ihindagurika rito riba rinini.

2. Kuva ku buryo bwo gutakaza

Mu gutakaza ubushobozi bwo guhindagurika, bishobora gufatwa nk'aho uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza imiterere y'imiterere y'ibanze (fiber imwe) muri fibre bukwirakwira ku ruhande rwo guhindagurika, kandi igice gikwirakwira cyane mu gice cyo gutwikira kizaba imirasire hanyuma gitakaza buhoro buhoro. Mu gutakaza ubushobozi bwo guhindagurika, igice cy'imbaraga z'imiterere y'ibanze ikwirakwira muri fibre nziza gihuzwa n'uburyo butandukanye bwo hejuru mu gihe cyo guhindagurika. Uko intera yo gukwirakwira yiyongera, imbaraga zitwarwa n'ubu buryo bwo hejuru zituruka kuri fibre ya Oran ifite ibice icumi, kandi birumvikana ko ishobora kongera guhuzwa n'imiterere y'ibanze.

Isesengura ry’igihombo cya micro-bending ubusanzwe rishingiye ku nyigisho yo guhuza uburyo, kandi isano y’ibanze iragoye gato.

Aho C ari coefficient yo guhuza hagati y’uburyo bw’ibanze n’ubundi buryo bwo hejuru, bigaragaza imbaraga zingana zizahuzwa kuva kuri mode iyobowe kugera kuri mode yo hejuru cyangwa cladding mode (scenario ya mode imwe). Qfiber ni uguhungabanya fibre munsi y’umuvuduko utaziguye, naho Qenv ni uguhungabanya munsi y’umuvuduko utaziguye iyo ibidukikije bihindutse. Ubunyangamugayo bw’iri sesengura ry’inyigo buragoye kuko guhungabana gutera igihombo cya micro-bending biba ari ibintu bitunguranye cyane, ariko intego y’isesengura ni ugutanga ubuyobozi bukomeye, kandi mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, coefficients z’inyongera zishobora gukoreshwa mu gupima ibisubizo byo kwigana.

olshansky yize kandi atanga isano yo kwitegereza mu ntangiriro.

Umurambararo w'ibanze

b - Umwanya wo gupfuka

Itandukaniro ry'igipimo cya refractive cya Delta -

Modulus yoroshye y'ipamba rya EE-polymer

Urugero - Modulus ya elastic y'ikirahure cya fibre optique

Ku bihe byinshi byo gukoresha, iyi sano irafasha cyane

3. Inkomoko y'igihombo cya micro-bend

Inkomoko y'igihombo cya mikorobe ahanini ni ibintu byo hanze. Iyo fibre ikoreshejwe gusa nk'umugozi wambaye ubusa nta nsinga ikora, niba nta mbaraga zo hanze ziri mu mwanya wigenga, nta gihombo cya mikorobe gishoboka. Nubwo ubusumbane bwa fibre ubwayo bushobora gutuma mikorobe itakaza, ingaruka zo gutakaza mikorobe bya fibre ubwayo zishobora kwirengagizwa kuko ikizamini cyo gutakaza cyakozwe mu igerageza ry'uruganda. Isuzuma gusa ingaruka zo gutakaza mikorobe bya fibre ya optique bihuye no guhagarara hanze mu nsinga ya optique cyangwa igikoresho.

Inkomoko y'igihombo cya micro-bend ituruka ahanini ku bintu bitatu

Icya mbere ni imiterere ya fibre ubwayo. Imiterere ya fibre ubwayo si yo soko yo gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kugonda, ariko ubushobozi bwo kugonda mikoro bugenwa n'imiterere ya fibre ubwayo. Imiterere y'ibanze ya fibre ahanini iterwa n'agaciro ka MAC. Ibi bihuye n'imiterere ya Olshansky.

Uko MAC iba nto, niko igihombo cya micro-bending kizaba gito bitewe n'ihungabana rimwe ryo hanze.

Ibi bigaragarira muri fibre yihariye, muri rusange fibre ya G657 ifite igihombo gito cyo kugonda ugereranyije na fibre ya G652 ·

Nubwo kugabanya radius y'ibanze no kongera itandukaniro ry'igipimo cya refractive bishobora kugabanya igihombo cya micro-bending, isano iri hagati y'ibipimo bya fibre n'uburyo fibre ihagaze ntabwo ishobora kubaho mu gihe habayeho guhindura parameter imwe gusa mu gihe izindi zidahindutse. Ariko iki gikorwa kirakomeje.

Imiterere y'igipfundikizo kiri muri fibre nayo ishobora kuzana impinduka. Uburebure bw'uburebure bw'igipfundikizo cya microbending buhinduka cyane iyo imiterere y'umuyoboro runaka yongewe ku gipfundikizo.

Uburyo umurambararo w'urumuri rugenda rugabanuka mu mikorobe y'umuyoboro w'amazi uri ku ishusho bitandukanye cyane n'uburyo umuyoboro usanzwe ugabanuka. Uburyo umurambararo w'urumuri rugenda rugabanuka mu mikorobe y'amazi uri kuri iyi shusho urenze gato amakuru asanzwe, cyane cyane ku miterere y'urumuri rugenda rugabanuka mu mikorobe y'amazi. Ibi bivuze ko aho ikibazo giherereye n'isesengura ry'ikibazo bisanzwe bigomba gusuzuma imiterere y'urumuri, bitabaye ibyo hashingiwe ku bunararibonye gusa bishobora kuyobya. Muri make, imiterere y'urumuri irushaho kunoza igihombo cy'umuyoboro w'amazi, ibyo bikaba ingirakamaro ku bihe bimwe na bimwe.

Icya kabiri, inkomoko y'igihombo cya micro-bending ifitanye isano n'ikintu cya fibre optique, kikaba kigoye cyane. Ingorane iri mu kuba hari ubwoko bwinshi cyane bwa fibre optique kandi imiterere yabyo itandukanye cyane, ariko biroroshye kubivugaho ku bwoko runaka. Ikintu gisanzwe ni ingaruka za coatings. Mu buryo bw'imitekerereze, bishobora kandi gufatwa umwanzuro ko coatings, nk'umurongo wa mbere w'ubwirinzi bwo kurinda fibre, igira uruhare mu gutuma stress ikora neza. Iyo coatings ikoreshejwe nk'igikorwa cyo kwimura stress, uko modulus y'imbere ya elastic iba nto kandi modulus y'inyuma ya elastic iba nini, niko agaciro k'igikorwa cyo kwimura stress kaba gato, kandi ingaruka za micro-bending zijyanye nazo nazo ziba nto. Uko umurambararo w'coatings uba munini, niko ingaruka za micro-bending zimenyekana neza.

Birumvikana ko umurambararo wa 900um ari muto cyane ugereranyije n’igihombo cya microbending cya fibre ya 250um. Bishobora kandi kumenyekana ko mu buryo bumwe bwa fibre optique, nubwo umwanya w’ibikorwa bya fibre ya 900um ari muto, mu bihe bisanzwe, igihombo cya micro-bending cyayo koko ni gito cyane muri fibre.

Ikintu cya gatatu ni ingaruka z'ibidukikije aho insinga iherereye. Bitewe n'ubukana bw'igihombo gito, nta buryo busanzwe bwo gupima buriho ubu, kandi uburyo bwo gupima butangwa na IEC/TR62221 bukoreshwa mu buryo butaziguye. Biragoye kumenya aho ibintu bihurira. Ndetse no ku buryo bumwe na bumwe bwo gupima, ahantu hakorerwa ibizamini n'ibikoresho byo gupima, ahantu hatandukanye ho gushyira ibintu bishobora kugira ibisubizo bitandukanye. Ibisubizo bya laboratwari zitandukanye n'uburyo butandukanye bwo gupima ntibishobora kugereranywa mu buryo butaziguye, ariko byose ni igereranya ry'imiterere. Ku bisubizo byabyo, bigomba gusuzumwa ukwabyo.