Izintambo ze-fiber optic zisebenza ngokudlulisa idatha njengemifudlana yokukhanya ngentambo yengilazi noma ipulasitiki. Nasi isifinyezo esiyisisekelo sendlela ezisebenza ngayo:

Ukudluliselwa Kokukhanya: Ikhebula le-fiber optic liqukethe umongo, okuyingilazi encane noma umucu wepulasitiki lapho ukukhanya kuhamba khona, uzungezwe ungqimba lwe-cladding olukhombisa ukukhanya emuva emongo, okuvimbela ukulahleka kwesignali. Umongo kanye ne-cladding kunezinkomba ezahlukene zokukhanya, okuvumela ukuthi kwenzeke ukubonakaliswa kwangaphakathi okuphelele.

Umthombo Wokukhanya: Kolunye uhlangothi lwekhebula le-fiber optic, kunomthombo wokukhanya, ngokuvamile i-laser noma i-LED (Light Emitting Diode). Lo mthombo wokukhanya ukhiqiza izimpawu zokukhanya ezidluliselwa kukhebula le-fiber optic.

Ukusabalala: Izimpawu zokukhanya zingena enkabeni yekhebula le-fiber optic bese zihamba ngobude balo ngenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-total internal reflection. Empeleni, ukukhanya kuqhuma kusuka engqimbeni ye-cladding, kuqhubeke kubuyela enkabeni.

Ukwamukelwa Kwesignali: Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwekhebula le-fiber optic, kukhona umamukeli obona izimpawu zokukhanya. Lo mamukeli ngokuvamile uqukethe i-photodiode noma i-photodetector eguqula izimpawu zokukhanya zibe izimpawu zikagesi.

Ukudluliswa Kwedatha: Izimpawu zikagesi ezitholakala ku-photodiode bese zicutshungulwa futhi ziguqulwe zibe idatha yedijithali, engaqondwa ngamadivayisi kagesi afana namakhompyutha, ama-router, noma amafoni.

Impela! Ngezansi isakhiwo se-Optical Fiber Diagram:

Umongo: Ingqikithi iyingxenye ephakathi yefayibha yokukhanya lapho ukukhanya kuhamba khona. Ngokuvamile yenziwe ngengilazi noma ngepulasitiki futhi inenkomba yokukhanya ephezulu kune-cladding, okuvumela ukukhanya ukuthi kuqondiswe kufayibha ngokukhanya kwangaphakathi okuphelele.

Ukubopha: Isembozo sizungeze umongo futhi senziwe ngezinto ezinenkomba yokukhanya ephansi kunemongo. Inhloso yaso ukubuyisa ukukhanya emongo, ukuvimbela ukulahleka kwesignali nokugcina ubuqotho besignali yokukhanya njengoba ihamba ngefayibha.

Isimbozo se-Buffer: Ezintanjeni ze-optical fiber ezisebenzayo, kuvame ukuba nesendlalelo esengeziwe esibizwa ngokuthi i-buffer coating ezungeze i-cladding. Lesi simbozo sinikeza isivikelo ku-fiber ezintweni zangaphandle ezifana nomswakama, umonakalo ongokwenyama, kanye nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa.

Lo mdwebo oyisisekelo ubonisa isakhiwo esiyisisekelo se-fiber optical, kodwa ezisetshenziswayo ezingokoqobo, i-fiber optical ihlanganiswa ndawonye ngaphakathi kwejakhethi ezivikelayo ukuze kwakhiwe izintambo ze-fiber optic ezisetshenziselwa ukuxhumana ngocingo, ukudlulisa i-inthanethi, kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene.

Izintambo ze-fibre optic zinikeza izinzuzo eziningana kunezintambo zethusi zendabuko, okuhlanganisa i-bandwidth ephezulu, amazinga okudlulisa idatha ngokushesha, ukungavikeleki ekuphazamisekeni kwe-electromagnetic, kanye nokuphepha okukhulu ngenxa yobunzima bokuthinta isignali ngaphandle kokuyiphazamisa. Lezi zici zenza izintambo ze-fibre optic zibe yisinqumo esikhethwayo sokuxhumana ngocingo okude kanye nokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi okusheshayo.