1. Intshayelelo

Ekudluliseleni nasekucwangcisweni kolwazi, ii-Optical Fiber Cables (OFCs) zidlala indima ebalulekileyo. Zithathwa njengeendlela zonxibelelwano kunye ne-telematics. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ziqinisekise uqhagamshelo olukhuselekileyo ngamaxesha onke. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha, ixesha lokusebenza kwe-OFC linokuba sengozini ziimpuku, umzekelo xa ii-OFC zifakwe kwimibhobho efikeleleka lula kwiimpuku. Kwiindawo ezinjalo ii-OFC kufuneka zikhuselwe, kuba iimpuku zinotyekelo lwendalo lokuluma nokuhlasela ii-OFC xa ukuphuma kwazo kuthintelwe kwezi mibhobho.

Ukuze kubekho uyilo olufanelekileyo lweentambo, abavelisi beentambo bakhetha ukusebenzisa izinto ezidibanisa iipropati zokuqinisa kunye nokukhuselwa kweempuku. Bakwafuna ukuba ii-OFC zibe bhetyebhetye kwaye zibe nobubanzi obuncinci. Izinto zokuqinisa ii-OFC ze-dielectric ikakhulu yi-aramid kunye ne-E-glass kancinci. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-aramid kuthandwa kakhulu kwaye kukhula ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yokudibanisa kwayo okungenakuthelekiswa nanto kweempawu zoomatshini kunye neekhemikhali kunye neepropati zayo ezilungileyo zokucubungula, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ii-OFC ezingabizi kakhulu zisebenze kakuhle kwaye zithembeke ixesha elide. Nangona kunjalo, umbuzo wokuba i-E-glass kunye ne-aramid ziqinisekisa ukukhuselwa kweempuku okwaneleyo uhlala uphakanyiswa. Kwakunzima ukufumana impendulo ecacileyo kubasebenzisi be-OFC. Amava abasebenzisi be-OFC eSwitzerland umzekelo, abonise ukuba kwezinye iimeko zombini iintambo ze-E-glass kunye ne-aramid eziqinisiweyo zonakaliswe kakhulu ziimpuku kangangokuba azisasebenzi kakuhle. Ukucacisa imeko malunga nokukhuselwa kweempuku kunye nokuxhasa abavelisi be-dielectric OFCs, sigqibe ekubeni ngokubambisana nomnye wabathengi bethu baseSwitzerland sibize iziko lophando elizimeleyo, i-TNO (umbutho waseDatshi wophando lwesayensi olusetyenzisiweyo), ukuze senze uphando phantsi kweemeko ezisebenzayo ukuvavanya ukumelana kweempuku kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-OFCs.

2. Uvavanyo

Ukuseta uvavanyo

Ukuvavanya ukumelana kweempuku ze-OFCs, i-TNO isebenzise iimpuku zeSprague Dawley ezigcinwe kwiikheyiji ezenzelwe ngokukodwa olu phononongo. Ezi kheyiji zahlulwe zaba zii-compartments ezimbini ngokusebenzisa i-partition enikwe umngxuma ojikelezayo wokudibanisa ezi compartments zimbini (jonga uMzobo 1). Elinye lamacandelo lakhanyiswa kwaye elinye lamnyama. Ngexesha lovavanyo, umnyango we-compartment emnyama, apho ukutya kweempuku kwakukhona, wawuvalwe yi-OFCs xa bevavanywa. Ekubeni iimpuku zikhetha indawo emnyama, ziya kuchitha ixesha elininzi kwicala elimnyama. Ngoko ke, kwakukho izinto ezimbini ezikhuthaza iimpuku ukuba zingene kwi-compartment emnyama. Ngexesha lonke lovavanyo iimpuku zazinokufikelela simahla emanzini. Emva kokuba iimpuku ziqhelene neemeko ezikwiikheyiji, kwaqaliswa uvavanyo lokuqala.

Umfanekiso 1: Ikheyiji yovavanyo yahlulwe yangamacandelo amabini.

Ekuqaleni kovavanyo, iimpuku ezintathu zagcinwa kwiindawo ezikhanyisiweyo zekheyiji nganye kangangeentsuku ezimbini ezalandelayo, ngelixa umngxuma okwindawo yokwahlulahlula wawuvalwe luyilo lwe-OFC kuvavanyo (jonga uMzobo 2). Emva kweli xesha iimpuku zadluliselwa kwezinye iikheyiji kangangeentsuku ezine zaza emva koko zabuyiselwa kwiikheyiji zovavanyo kangangeentsuku ezimbini ezongezelelweyo.

Umfanekiso 2: Umngxuma kwisahlulo esivalwe yi-OFCs xa kulinga.

Uyilo lwe-OFC luvavanyiwe

Uyilo olulithoba olwahlukeneyo lwe-OFC luvavanyiwe ukuze lubone ukuba alunazo na iimpuku. Olu yilo luyinxalenye yeqela loyilo olubangela inxalenye enkulu yemarike ye-OFC. Ii-OFC zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini:

1. Uyilo oluqhelekileyo lwe-OFC olusebenzisa intambo ye-aramid okanye i-E-glass (enokufakelwa okanye engenako) njengezinto zokuqinisa phantsi kwe-PE yangaphandle sheath (Iifig. 3a ukuya kwi-3d).

2. Uyilo olukhethekileyo lwe-OFC lokuxhathisa ukuhlaselwa ziimpuku, umz. izakhiwo ezineengqimba ezimbini okanye izakhiwo ezine-PA12 okanye intsimbi eyomeleleyo (IiFigs. 3e ukuya ku-3i).

Umfanekiso 3a: Icandelo elinqamlezileyo loyilo oluqhelekileyo lwe-OFC. Umfanekiso 3b: Icandelo elinqamlezileyo loyilo oluqhelekileyo lwe-OFC.

Umfanekiso 3c: Icandelo elinqamlezileyo loyilo oluqhelekileyo lwe-OFC.Umfanekiso 3d: Icandelo elinqamlezileyo loyilo oluqhelekileyo lwe-OFC.

Umfanekiso 3e: Icandelo elinqamlezileyo loyilo olukhethekileyo lwe-OFC.Umfanekiso 3f: Icandelo elinqamlezileyo loyilo olukhethekileyo lwe-OFC.

Umfanekiso 3g: Icandelo elinqamlezileyo loyilo olukhethekileyo lwe-OFC.Umfanekiso 3: Icandelo elinqamlezileyo loyilo olukhethekileyo lwe-OFC.

Umfanekiso 3i: Icandelo elinqamlezileyo loyilo olukhethekileyo lwe-OFC.

3. Iziphumo kunye nengxoxo

Emva kwamaxesha amabini ovavanyo lweentsuku ezimbini nganye, umonakalo obangelwe kukuhlaselwa ziimpuku uhlolwe. KwiMifanekiso 4a ukuya ku-4i uza kubona imifanekiso emibini yoyilo ngalunye lwentambo oluvavanyiweyo; umfanekiso ophezulu ubonisa owonakele kancinci kwaye ongezantsi ubonisa i-OFC eyonakele kakhulu. Iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-macroscopic lweentambo zibonisa ngokucacileyo umahluko kumonakalo phakathi koyilo lwe-OFC olusithoba. Kodwa, njengoko ubona kwimifanekiso, zonke ii-OFC - ngaphandle koyilo lwentsimbi ebotshelelweyo/i-aramid - zonakaliswe ngendlela yokuba umntu angalindela ukuba iipropati zothumelo lwexesha elide zichaphazeleke. Oku kukwasebenza nakwiindlela ze-OFC zoyilo lwe-PE/iglasi efakwe i-E/iglasi/ukuvala amanzi (Umzobo 4d) kunye ne-PE/iglasi efakwe i-E/iglasi efakwe i-PE/i-aramid (Umzobo 4h), nangona ezi ndlela zoyilo zibonisa umonakalo omncinci. Nangona kunjalo, ekusebenzeni, umntu ujongana neempuku ezingezizo ezasekhaya, ezinokubandakanya uhlaselo olunamandla noluqhubekayo xa kubanjwa impuku. Ngoko ke, ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zovavanyo lwe-TNO, isiphelo kufuneka sibe sesokuba kwiindlela ezivavanyiweyo kuphela uyilo lwentsimbi erhabaxa/i-aramid olumelana ngokupheleleyo neempuku.

Ukumelana neempuku ze-OFC kunokuphuculwa ngokusebenzisa iishelufu zangaphandle ezenziwe ngee-polyamide okanye ii-polyamide copolymers eziqinileyo kakhulu kwi-Shore D. Ke ngoko, sicebisa abayili beentambo ukuba baphucule ukumelana neempuku ze-OFCs ngokusebenzisa intsimbi eyomeleleyo (umz. iZetabon) okanye iishelufu ezenziwe ngee-polyamide okanye ii-polyamide copolymers eziyomeleleyo (umz. iGrilamid). Ukusetyenziswa kwentsimbi eyomeleleyo kubonakala kukhetho olufanelekileyo.

Ingcebiso yokuba ububanzi bentambo buchaphazela ukuxhathisa kweempuku ze-OFC - nto leyo ethetha ukuba ukusuka kububanzi bentambo ethile ukuya phambili impembelelo entle ekuxhathiseni kweempuku inokwenzeka - inomdla kwaye uphando olongezelelweyo lunokuba luncedo kubayili beentambo.

Umfanekiso 4a: Uyilo lwentambo ye-PE/aramid emva kovavanyo; ububanzi bayo yi-13.5 mm.

Umfanekiso 4b: Uyilo lwentambo yeglasi ye-E efakwe i-PE/efakwe i-E emva kovavanyo; ububanzi bayo yi-11.8 mm.

Umfanekiso 4c: Uyilo lwentambo ye-PE/E-glass emva kovavanyo; ububanzi bayo yi-9.5 mm.

Umfanekiso 4d: Uyilo lwentambo ye-PE/iglasi ye-E efakwe ngaphakathi/evimba amanzi emva kovavanyo; ububanzi yi-15.5 mm.

Umfanekiso 4e: Uyilo lwentambo ye-PE/iglasi ye-E/PE/aramid efakwe ngaphakathi emva kovavanyo; ububanzi bayo yi-8.8 mm.

Umfanekiso 4f: Uyilo lwentambo ye-PE/aramid/PE/aramid emva kovavanyo; ububanzi bayo yi-21 mm.

Umfanekiso 4g: Uyilo lwentambo ye-PE/PA12/aramid emva kovavanyo; ububanzi bayo yi-8.5 mm.

Umfanekiso we-4h: Uyilo lwentambo ye-PE/iglasi ye-E efakwe ngaphakathi/intambo ye-PE/aramid emva kovavanyo; ububanzi yi-15.7 mm

Umfanekiso 4i: Uyilo lwentambo ye-PE/intsimbi eyojiweyo/i-PE/aramid emva kovavanyo; ububanzi bayo yi-14.7 mm.

4. Isiphelo

Ngokweziphumo zovavanyo, i-TNO igqibe kwelokuba kwiindlela zoyilo ze-OFC ezivavanyiweyo kuphela uyilo lwentsimbi erhabaxa/i-aramid olumelana ngokupheleleyo neempuku. Zonke ezinye iindlela zoyilo (eziqiniswe nge-E-glass ene-impregnation okanye engenazo- okanye i-aramid, okanye ene-sheath ye-PA12) azizange zikwazi ukumelana ngokwaneleyo nokuhlaselwa ziimpuku. Olu phononongo lubonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba ukuba kufuneka ukumelana neempuku, umntu kufuneka anikele ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kuyilo lweentambo.